Susan Collins

Susan Collins
United States Senator
from Maine
Assumed office
January 3, 1997
Serving with Angus King
Preceded by Bill Cohen
Chair of the Senate Aging Committee
Assumed office
January 3, 2015
Preceded by Bill Nelson
Chair of the Senate Homeland Security Committee
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007
Preceded by Joe Lieberman
Succeeded by Joe Lieberman
Personal details
Born Susan Margaret Collins
(1952-12-07) December 7, 1952
Caribou, Maine, U.S.
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Thomas Daffron (2012–present)
Education St. Lawrence University (BA)
Website Senate website

Susan Margaret Collins (born December 7, 1952) is an American politician who currently serves as the senior United States Senator from Maine. A member of the Republican Party, Collins has served in the Senate since 1997, and has served as the Chairwoman of the Senate Special Committee on Aging since 2015 and previously chaired the Senate Committee on Homeland Security from 2003 to 2007. She is considered a moderate Republican Senator.[1] She also is known for her long consecutive voting streak, which reached 6,000 votes in September 2015.[2] She is the current dean of Maine's congressional delegation.

Born in Caribou, Maine, Collins is a graduate of St. Lawrence University. Beginning her career as a staff assistant for Senator William Cohen in 1975, Collins later became the staff director of the Oversight of Government Management Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Homeland Security in 1981. She was then appointed as the Commissioner of the Maine Department of Professional and Financial Regulation by Governor John R. McKernan, Jr. in 1987. In 1992 she was appointed by President George H. W. Bush as the director of the Small Business Administration's regional office in Boston. Staying in Massachusetts, Collins became that state's Deputy State Treasurer in 1993.

After moving back to Maine in 1994, Collins became the Republican nominee for governor in the 1994 general election. Becoming the first woman to become the nominee of a major party for Governor of Maine, Collins finished third in a four way race with 23% of the vote. After her bid for governor in 1994, Collins became the founding director of the Center for Family Business at Husson University. Collins was first elected to the Senate in 1996. She has been re-elected three times, in 2002, 2008, and 2014. After former New Hampshire Senator Kelly Ayotte lost reelection in 2016, Collins became the only Republican in the U.S. Senate currently representing a state in New England.

Early life

One of six children, Collins was born in Caribou, Maine, where her family has operated a lumber business since 1844.[3] Her parents, Patricia M. Collins (née McGuigan) and Donald F. Collins, each served as mayor of Caribou; her father also served in both houses of the Maine Legislature.[4] Her mother was born in Barrancabermeja, Colombia, to American parents.[5] Collins has English and Irish ancestry. Her uncle, Samuel W. Collins, Jr., sat on the Maine Supreme Judicial Court from 1988 to 1994 and served in the Maine Senate from 1973 to 1984.[6] Collins attended Caribou High School, where she was president of the student council.[7] During her senior year of high school in 1971, Collins was chosen to participate in the U.S. Senate Youth Program, through which she visited Washington, D.C., for the first time and engaged in a two-hour conversation with U.S. Senator Margaret Chase Smith (R-ME).[7] Collins is the first program delegate elected to the Senate and currently holds the seat once held by Smith.

After graduating from Caribou High School, she continued her education at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York.[8] Like her father before her, she was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa national academic honor society and Collins graduated from St. Lawrence magna cum laude with a bachelor's degree in government in 1975.[3]

Early political career

Following graduation, Collins worked as a legislative assistant to U.S. Representative, and later U.S. Senator William Cohen (R-ME) from 1975 to 1987.[8] She was also staff director of the Oversight of Government Management Subcommittee on the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs (1981–1987).[8]

In 1987, Collins joined the cabinet of Governor John R. McKernan, Jr., as Commissioner of the Department of Professional and Financial Regulation.[3] She was appointed the New England regional director for the Small Business Administration by President George H. W. Bush in 1992.[4] After briefly serving in this post until the 1992 election of Democrat Bill Clinton, she moved to Massachusetts and became Deputy State Treasurer of Massachusetts under Joe Malone in 1993.[8]

Returning to Maine, Collins won an eight-way Republican primary in the 1994 gubernatorial election, becoming the first woman to be nominated by a major party for Governor of Maine.[4] During the campaign, she received little support from Republican leaders and was criticized by conservative groups for her more liberal views on social issues. She lost the general election, receiving 23% of the vote and placed third behind Democrat Joseph E. Brennan and the winner, Independent candidate Angus King, her future Senate colleague.[9]

In December 1994, Collins became the founding executive director of the Center for Family Business at Husson College in Bangor.[3] She served in this post until 1996, when she announced her candidacy for the seat in the U.S. Senate being vacated by her former boss, William Cohen, who retired to become U.S. Secretary of Defense under President Clinton. With Cohen's public endorsement, she won a difficult four-way primary and faced Joe Brennan, her Democratic opponent from the 1994 gubernatorial election, in the general election. She eventually defeated Brennan by a margin of 49% to 44%. She was reelected in 2002 over State Senator Chellie Pingree (D), 58%–42%, and again in 2008 over Rep. Tom Allen (D), 61.5%–38.5%. In both elections, she carried every county in Maine. In 2014, Collins defeated Democrat Shenna Bellows 68.5%-31.5%, and again carried every county.

Senate career

Collins with President Barack Obama

Described as one of "the last survivors of a once common species of moderate Northeastern Republican",[6] Collins is considered a bipartisan and centrist member of the Republican Party, and an influential player in the U.S. Senate.[10][11][12][13] In 2015, The Lugar Center, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit founded by Senator Richard Lugar released a bipartisan index in cooperation with Georgetown University, ranking Senator Collins the most bipartisan senator in the 114th Congress (and the only U.S. Senator from the American Northeast ranked among the top 10 most bipartisan senators).[14] She is a member of several moderate organizations within the Republican Party, including the Republican Main Street Partnership, Republican Majority For Choice, Republicans for Choice, The Wish List, Republicans for Environmental Protection, and the Republican Leadership Council. Although she shares a centrist ideology with Maine's former Senator, Olympia Snowe, Collins is considered a "half-turn more conservative" than Snowe.[6] Collins has consistently been endorsed by the Human Rights Campaign, a major LGBT rights organization; she was one of six Republicans running in 2008 to be endorsed by the HRC.[15] She supported John McCain in the 2008 election for President of the United States.[16]

Collins became the state's senior Senator in 2013 when Snowe left the Senate and was replaced by independent Angus King, who had defeated Collins in the 1994 Governor election.

In the 1990s, Collins played an important role during the U.S. Senate's impeachment trial of Bill Clinton when she and fellow Maine Senator Olympia Snowe sponsored a motion that would have allowed the Senate to vote separately on the charges and the remedy. When the motion failed, both Snowe and Collins subsequently voted to acquit, believing that while Clinton had broken the law by committing perjury, the charges did not amount to grounds for removal from office.

On March 26, 2014, Elle Magazine honored Collins as "one of the ten most powerful Women in Washington Power List".[17]

Collins cast her 6,000th consecutive roll call vote on September 17, 2015.[2] Only William Proxmire has a longer consecutive streak.[18]

According to a poll released by Morning Consult on November 24, 2015, Collins, with a 78% approval rating, had the highest approval rating of any sitting Republican U.S. senator, as well as the second-highest overall, behind only Independent Bernie Sanders of Vermont.[19]

Political positions

With former US Senator Olympia Snowe (also R-ME)

Susan Collins is a self-described "moderate Republican." In 2013, the National Journal gave Collins a score of 55% conservative and 45% liberal.[20] Collins's Crowdpac score is 1.3C, with 10C being the most conservative and 10L being the most liberal. The score is based on donations she receives and gives. According to Crowdpac scores on individual issues, Susan Collins has a liberal viewpoint on abortion, electoral law, gender equality, but a conservative viewpoint on every other major issue.[21] Another website, OnTheIssues.org, considers Collins to be a "Moderate Libertarian Liberal." It also gives politicians a "social score" and an "economic score." Collins's social score is 60%, with 0% being the most conservative and 100% being the most liberal. Additionally, Collins's economic score is 53%, with 0% being the most liberal and 100% being the most conservative.[22] The American Conservative Union gives her a lifetime rating of 46.03% conservative.[23] The Americans for Democratic Action gives her a rating of 50% liberal.[24]

Being one of the most centrist Senators, Collins often votes across party lines in many issues such as the restrictions on travel to Cuba, harsher punishments for drug users, and amending the U.S. Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriages. She has also joined the moderates in the Republican Party and a vast majority of Democrats in supporting campaign finance reform laws. In 2003 she was the only Republican to vote for limiting a tax cut in order to help rural hospitals.

During the routine calling of names on the Senate floor on July 12, 2012, Collins cast her 5,000th consecutive roll-call vote.[25] Collins had not missed a single vote since her inauguration in the Senate in 1997.[26]

Donald Trump

On August 8, 2016, Collins announced that she would not be voting for Donald Trump, the Republican nominee for the 2016 election. She said that as a lifelong Republican she did not make the decision lightly but felt that he is unsuitable for office, "based on his disregard for the precept of treating others with respect, an idea that should transcend politics."[27]

Firing of FBI Director James Comey

Collins supported Trump's decision to fire FBI Director James Comey.[28]

Temporary Travel Ban

On January 28, 2017, Collins joined five other Republicans to oppose President Donald Trump’s temporary ban on immigration from seven Muslim-majority countries saying it is "overly broad and implementing it will be immediately problematic." She said, for example, that "it could interfere with the immigration of Iraqis who worked for American forces in Iraq as translators and bodyguards — people who literally saved the lives of our troops and diplomats during the last decade and whose lives are at risk if they remain in Iraq." She also objected to the religious aspects of the ban saying, "As I stated last summer, religious tests serve no useful purpose in the immigration process and run contrary to our American values.”[29]

Investigations

Collins stated in February 2017 that she was open to subpoena President Trump’s tax returns as part of an investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 presidential election.[30] She also said that she was open to public and secret hearings into Michael T. Flynn's covert communications with Russian officials.[30]

Foreign policy and terrorism

October 10, 2002, saw Collins vote with the majority in favor of the Iraq War Resolution authorizing President George W. Bush to go to war against Iraq.[31]

On September 19, 2007, she voted against a motion to invoke cloture on Senator Arlen Specter's amendment proposing to restore habeas corpus for those detained by the United States.[32]

Collins, joining the Senate majority, voted in favor of the Protect America Act, an amendment to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978. She later sponsored the Accountability in Government Contracting Act of 2007, approved unanimously by the Senate, which would create more competition between military contractors.[33]

Agreeing with the majority in both parties, Collins voted in favor of the Kyl-Lieberman Amendment,[34] which gave President Bush and the executive branch the authorization for military force against Iran.[35]

Social issues

Abortion laws

The Republican Majority for Choice, a pro-choice Republican PAC, supports Senator Collins.[36] On October 21, 2003, with Senate Democrats, Collins was one of the three Republican Senators to oppose the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. She did however join the majority of Republicans in voting for Laci and Conner's Law to increase penalties for killing the fetus while committing a violent crime against the mother. On March 30, 2017, Collins would again join Lisa Murkowski to break party lines on a vote; this time against a bill allowing states to defund Planned Parenthood. As in that case, Vice President Pence was forced to break a 50–50 tie in favor of the bill.[37]

Planned Parenthood, which rates politicians' support for pro-choice issues, has given Collins a lifetime rating of 59%.[38] In 2015, Planned Parenthood gave her a rating of 70%.[39] NARAL Pro-Choice America, which also provides ratings, gave her a score of 90% in 2014.[40] In 2017, Planned Parenthood gave Collins a rating of 61%.[41] Conversely, National Right to Life, which opposes abortion and rates support for pro-life issues, gave Collins a rating of 25% during the 114th Congress.[42]

LGBT issues

On December 18, 2010, Collins voted in favor of the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010 and was the primary Republican sponsor of the repeal effort.[43][44][45][46][47]

Collins stated her support on same-sex marriage on June 25, 2014, after previously declining to publicly state her views, citing a policy to not discuss state-level issues, as well as a belief that each state's voters should decide the issue.[48] When she won reelection in 2014, she became the first Republican senator to be reelected while supporting same-sex marriage.[49]

Collins voted for the Employment Non-Discrimination Act to prevent job discrimination based on sexuality and gender identity.[50] The Human Rights Campaign, which rates politicians' support for LGBT issues, gave Collins a score of 85% during the 114th Congress.[51]

Judicial appointments

In May 2005, Collins was one of fourteen senators (seven Democrats and seven Republicans) to forge a compromise on the Democrats' use of the judicial filibuster, thus allowing the Republican leadership to end debate without having to exercise the so-called nuclear option. Under the agreement, the minority party agreed that it would filibuster President George W. Bush's judicial nominees only in "extraordinary circumstances"; three Bush appellate court nominees (Janice Rogers Brown, Priscilla Owen, and William Pryor) would receive a vote by the full Senate; and two others, Henry Saad and William Myers, were expressly denied such protection (both eventually withdrew their names from consideration).[52][53]

Collins voted for the confirmation of George W. Bush Supreme Court nominees Samuel Alito and John G. Roberts,[54][55] as well Barack Obama Supreme Court nominees Elena Kagan and Sonia Sotomayor.[56][57]

After President Obama nominated Merrick Garland to the Supreme Court, Collins publicly opposed the Senate Republican leadership's decision to refuse to consider the nomination, and urged her Republican colleagues to "follow regular order" and give Garland a confirmation hearing and a vote in the Senate Judiciary Committee in the normal fashion.[58][59][60]

Immigration and trade

Collins has voted against free-trade agreements including the Dominican Republic – Central America Free Trade Agreement. In 1999 she was one of four Republicans (along with her colleague Olympia Snowe) to vote for a Wellstone amendment to the Trade and Development Act of 2000 which would have conditioned trade benefits for Caribbean countries on "compliance with internationally recognized labor rights".[61]

Collins coauthored, along with Senator Joe Lieberman (D-CT/I-CT), the Collins-Lieberman Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004. This law implemented many of the recommendations of the 9-11 Commission, modernizing and improving America's intelligence systems. In October 2006, President George W. Bush signed into law major port security legislation coauthored by Collins and Washington Senator Patty Murray. The new law includes major provisions to significantly strengthen security at US ports.

As ranking member of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, Collins and committee Chairman Joe Lieberman voiced concerns about budget, outside contractors, privacy and civil liberties relating to the National Cybersecurity Center, the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative and United States Department of Homeland Security plans to enhance Einstein, the program which protects federal networks.[62] Citing improved security and the benefits of information sharing, as of mid-2008, Collins was satisfied with the response the committee received from Secretary Michael Chertoff.[63]

Collins criticized President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order to ban entry to the U.S. to citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries, stating: "The worldwide refugee ban set forth in the executive order is overly broad and implementing it will be immediately problematic."[64]

Economic issues

Economic stimulus

Collins voted in favor of and for the extension of the Bush tax cuts.[65][66][67]

She offered an amendment to the original bill that allowed for tax credits to school teachers who purchase classroom materials.[68]

Ultimately, Collins was one of just three Republican lawmakers to vote for the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act,[69] earning heated criticism from the right for crossing party lines on the bill.

In mid-December 2009, she was again one of three Republican senators to back a $1.1 trillion appropriations bill for the fiscal year beginning in 2010, joining Thad Cochran (R-Mississippi) and Kit Bond (R-Missouri) in compensating for three Democratic "nay" votes to pass the bill over a threatened GOP filibuster.[70]

In April 2014, the United States Senate debated the Minimum Wage Fairness Act (S. 1737; 113th Congress). The bill would amend the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (FLSA) to increase the federal minimum wage for employees to $10.10 per hour over the course of a two-year period.[71] The bill was strongly supported by President Barack Obama and many of the Democratic Senators, but strongly opposed by Republicans in the Senate and House.[72][73][74] Collins tried to negotiate a compromise bill that centrist Republicans could agree to, but was unable to do so.[74] Collins' tried to argue that the Congressional Budget Office report predicting 500,000 jobs lost if the minimum wage was increased to $10.10 also said that an increase to $9.00 would only lead to 100,000 jobs lost, but the argument did not seem to persuade her fellow centrists.[74] Collins said, "I'm confident that the votes are not there to pass a minimum wage increase up to $10.10 therefore it seems to me to make sense for senators on both sides of the aisle to get together and see if we can come up with a package that would help low-income families with causing the kind of job loss that the Congressional Budget Office has warned against."[74]

Healthcare

On January 29, 2009, Collins voted in favor of the State Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (H.R. 2).[75]

Collins opposed President Barack Obama's health reform legislation, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and voted against it in December 2009.[76] She voted against the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.[77]

In January 2017, at the beginning of the Congress, Collins voted in favor of a bill to begin the repeal of the Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"). However, with four other Republican senators, Collins is leading an effort to slow down the ACA repeal in the Senate.[78] Collins and fellow Republican Senator Bill Cassidy of Louisiana have proposed legislation that permits states to either keep the ACA or move to a replacement program to be funded in part by the federal government.[79] Also in January 2017, Collins "was the only Republican to vote for a defeated amendment...that would have prevented the Senate from adopting legislation cutting Social Security, Medicare or Medicaid."[80]

In March 2017, Collins said that she could not support the American Health Care Act, the House Republicans' plan to repeal and replace the ACA.[81] Collins also subsequently announced that she would vote against the Senate version of the Republican bill to repeal Obamacare.[82] Collins has also clarified that she is against repealing the Affordable Care Act without a replacement proposal.[83] On July 26, 2017, Collins joined seven other Republicans in voting against repealing the ACA without replacement.[84] On July 27 the following day, Collins joined two other Republicans in voting 'No' to the 'Skinny' repeal of the ACA.[85]

Environmental issues

In September 2008, Collins joined the Gang of 20, a bipartisan group seeking a comprehensive energy reform bill. The group is pushing for a bill that would encourage state-by-state decisions on offshore drilling and authorize billions of dollars for conservation and alternative energy.[86]

The Cantwell-Collins bill (S. 2877),[87] also called the Carbon Limits and Energy for America's Renewal (CLEAR) Act,[88] directs the Secretary of the Treasury to establish a program to regulate the entry of fossil carbon (fossil fuel) into commerce in the United States, to promote renewable energy jobs and economic growth.[88][89] The bill is bipartisan with Maria Cantwell (Democrat-Washington). In May 2017, Collins was one of three Republicans who joined Democrats in voting against a repeal of Obama's regulations for drilling on public lands; the repeal effort was rejected by a 49-51 margin.[90]

Gun policy

Collins voted for the Manchin–Toomey bill to amend federal law to expand background checks for gun purchases.[91] She has received a C+ grade on gun rights from the NRA, and D- from Gun Owners of America. [92]

Other issues

In April 2014, the United States Senate debated the Paycheck Fairness Act (S. 2199; 113th Congress). It was a bill that "punishes employers for retaliating against workers who share wage information, puts the justification burden on employers as to why someone is paid less and allows workers to sue for punitive damages of wage discrimination."[93] Collins said that one of her reasons for voting against ending debate on the bill was that Majority Leader Harry Reid had refused to allow votes on any of the amendments that Republicans had suggested for the bill.[93]

In January 2017, both Collins and Senator Lisa Murkowski voted for Donald Trump's selection for Secretary of Education, Betsy DeVos, within the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, passing DeVos' nomination by a vote of 12–11 to allow the full Senate to vote on the nominee. Collins justified her support vote due to her belief that "Presidents are entitled to considerable deference in the selection of Cabinet members".[94][95][96] Later, Collins and Murkowski became the only Republicans to break party lines and vote against the nominee.[97][98] This caused a 50–50 tie that was broken by Senate President Mike Pence to successfully confirm DeVos' appointment.[99]

Another noted involvement in the Trump Cabinet confirmation process for Collins was her formal introduction of Sen. Jeff Sessions (R-AL) to the Judiciary Committee for its hearings on Sessions' nomination to be Attorney General.[100]

Notable legislation

Collins introduced a bill in June 2013 that would define a "full-time employee" as someone who works for 40 hours per week (instead of 30 hours).[101] The Affordable Care Act (ACA) defined a full-time worker as someone who works 30 hours per week.[102] Collins is cited as saying that her bill would help avoid employers reducing workers' hours to below 30 per week in order to comply with the ACA.[103]

In September 2013, Collins introduced a bill aimed at preventing Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Syndrome (SUIDS). The bill, dubbed The Child Care Infant Mortality Prevention Act, aims to raise the amount of provider training in infant wards as well as enhanced CPR and first aid training. Backers of this bill hope this will make a dent in the 4,000 children killed every year due to SUIDS. This would require the Health and Human Services Department to update their materials as well as improve their training resources to primary providers.[103]

Committee appointments

2018 Maine gubernatorial election

It has been speculated that Collins is considering running for Governor of Maine in the 2018 election. If Collins were to be elected, she would have to resign her Senate seat, leaving her or Paul LePage the duty as governor to appoint a new senator, which would most likely be a Republican. Democratic state legislators in Maine have said they are going to try to prevent this. The last time the Governor of Maine appointed a senator was in 1980, when governor Joseph Brennan appointed George J. Mitchell to continue Edmund Muskie's term.[104]

The sponsor of the bill, Rep. Matt Moonen (D-Portland), has said he was not motivated by the possibility of Collins running, and that he has spoken with her and she called such speculation "silly".[105] She told MPBN on January 4, 2016, that she was "baffled" by speculation about her being interested in running for Governor and that she did not initiate it. She added that many have encouraged her to run and that she was ruling nothing in or out.[106]

Awards and honors

On September 19, 2012, Collins received the Navy League's Congressional Sea Services Award "for her outstanding contributions in Congress to advance the mission of our nation's maritime services".[107]

Collins was awarded the U.S. Chamber of Commerce's 2013 Spirit of Enterprise Award for her support of the Chamber's positions in the Senate.[108]

On December 12, 2013, Collins received the "Legislator of the Year Award" from the Congressional Fire Services Institute (CFSI). CFSI, a nonprofit, nonpartisan policy institute established in 1989 which seeks to promote Congress' awareness of the needs of first responders, presented the award to Collins in the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. The Award is given to a member of Congress who the organization deems to have made a "significant contribution to the fire service."[109]

On February 24, 2014, Collins received the "Thought Leader Award" from the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. The award recognizes and honors American leaders who "affirm the essential services that public media provides to citizens in areas of education, journalism, and the arts."[110]

On May 7, 2014, National Journal recognized Collins as the senator with "perfect attendance", noting that Collins hadn't missed a single vote since her election to the Senate in 1997.[111]

Collins was a recipient of the Publius Award from the Center for the Study of the Presidency and Congress on March 12, 2014.[112]

On March 26, 2014, Elle Magazine honored Collins, with others, at the Italian Embassy in the United States during its annual "Women in Washington Power List."[113]

The Veterans of Foreign Wars gave Collins its 2017 Congressional Award, which is annually given to one member of Congress for their significant legislative contributions on behalf of military veterans.[114]

On May 28, 2017, Bates College honored Collins as an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters for her bipartisan work in the Senate.[115]

Personal life

Collins is married to Thomas Daffron, the CEO of Jefferson Consulting Group. They were married on August 11, 2012 in Caribou, Maine.[116]

Electoral history

United States Senate election in Maine, 2014
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican Susan Collins (incumbent) 411,211 68.4% +6.9%
Democratic Shenna Bellows 189,653 31.6% -6.9%
United States Senate election in Maine, 2008
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican Susan Collins (incumbent) 444,587 61.5%
Democratic Tom Allen 278,651 38.5%
United States Senate election in Maine, 2002
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican Susan Collins (incumbent) 299,266 58.4%
Democratic Chellie Pingree 205,901 41.6%
United States Senate election in Maine, 1996
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Republican Susan Collins 298,422 49.2%
Democratic Joseph E. Brennan 266,226 43.9%
Green John Rensenbrink 23,441 3.9%
Taxpayers William P. Clarke 18,618 3.1%
Maine gubernatorial election, 1994
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent Angus King 180,829 35%
Democratic Joseph Brennan 172,951 34%
Republican Susan Collins 117,990 23%
Green Jonathan Carter 32,695 6% N/A
Write-In Ed Finks 6,576 1% N/A

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Key Republican Collins has 'serious concerns' on healthcare bill". Reuters. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  2. 1 2 Barrett, Ted (17 September 2015). "The Senate's Iron Lady: Susan Collins casts 6,000th consecutive vote". CNN. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "About Susan Collins". Susan Collins for Senate. Archived from the original on March 8, 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 Rettig, Jessica (February 10, 2010). "10 Things You Didn't Know About Susan Collins". U.S. News & World Report.
  5. ↑ "Susan Margaret Collins – Genealogy". geni_family_tree.
  6. 1 2 3 "How Maine's GOP Senators Are Key to Obama's Agenda". Time. February 12, 2009.
  7. 1 2 "Outstanding Maine Students Selected for Senate Youth Program". United States Senator Susan M. Collins. January 22, 2010.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "COLLINS, Susan Margaret, (1952 – )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
  9. ↑ "General Election Tabulations – November 8, 1994". Secretary of State of Maine. Archived from the original on September 17, 2013.
  10. ↑ Cummings, Jeanne (October 27, 2009). "In Maine, being bipartisan pays off". politico.com. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
  11. ↑ Connolly, Ceci (October 22, 2009). "New focus on Maine's other centrist Republican senator". The Washington Post. pp. A03. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
  12. ↑ Herszenhorn, David M. (October 26, 2008). "While Some Republicans Feel the Weight of Bush’s Image, a Senator in Maine Soars". The New York Times. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
  13. ↑ Jullian, Maite (November 8, 2008). "Snowe, Collins key players across Senate aisle". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
  14. ↑ "McCourt School Bipartisan Index". Washington, D.C.: The Lugar Center. March 7, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
  15. ↑ "State by State returns for HRC endorsed candidates". HRC.org. Human Rights Campaign.
  16. ↑ "McCain List of Supporters". McCain.
  17. ↑ Timmons, Sheila (19 March 2014). "Elle' unveils its '10 Most Powerful Women in D.C.'". The Hill. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
  18. ↑ "The Senate's Iron Lady: Susan Collins casts 6,000th consecutive vote". CNN.
  19. ↑ Wilson, Reid (November 24, 2015). "Bernie Sanders is the Most Popular Senator in America". Morning Consult. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
  20. ↑ (Journalist),, Barnes, James A.; Keating,, Holland,; Charlie,, Cook,; Michael,, Barone,; Louis,, Jacobson,; Louis,, Peck,. The almanac of American politics 2016 : members of Congress and governors: their profiles and election results, their states and districts. ISBN 978-1-938518-31-7. OCLC 927103599.
  21. ↑ "Susan Collins". crowdpac.com. Crowdpac. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  22. ↑ "VoteMatch – Candidate Political Map". ontheissues.org. OnTheIssues.org & the SpeakOut Foundation.
  23. ↑ "ACU Ratings". conservative.org. The American Conservative Union. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
  24. ↑ "The Voter's Self Defense System". Project Vote Smart. Retrieved 2016-12-20.
  25. ↑ O'Keefe, Ed. "Susan Collins casts her 5,000th consecutive vote". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
  26. ↑ O'Keefe, Ed (July 12, 2012). "Susan Collins casts her 5,000th consecutive vote". Washington Post. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
  27. ↑ "GOP senator Susan Collins: Why I cannot support Trump". Washington Post. August 8, 2016.
  28. ↑ Swanson, Ian (2017-05-09). "GOP senators split over Trump's decision to fire Comey". TheHill. Retrieved 2017-05-10.
  29. ↑ Collins, Steve (January 28, 2017). "Maine's senators denounce Trump's ban on immigration from 7 Muslim countries". Sun Journal (Lewiston, Maine).
  30. 1 2 "GOP senator says she’s open to demanding Trump’s tax returns as part of Russia probe". Washington Post. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
  31. ↑ "Roll call for H.J.Res. 114". US Senate.
  32. ↑ "Roll call for H.R. 1585/S.Amdt. 2022". US Senate.
  33. ↑ "S. 680 – 110th Congress (2007): Accountability in Government Contracting Act of 2007". GovTrack.us. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
  34. ↑ "Kyl Amdt. No. 3017 as Modified, To express the sense of the Senate regarding Iran.". US Senate. September 26, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
  35. ↑ "Lieberman-Kyl Amendment Seeks To Escalate Possibility Of Military Action Against Iran". Think Progress. September 25, 2007. Retrieved July 28, 2008.
  36. ↑ Lett, Phoebe (December 24, 2015). "The Endangered Pro-Choice Republican". The New York Times. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
  37. ↑ "Murkowski splits with party on Planned Parenthood vote, forces Pence tie-breaker". Alaska Dispatch News. 2017-03-30. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
  38. ↑ "The Voter's Self Defense System". votesmart.org. Project Vote Smart. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  39. ↑ "Rating Group: Planned Parenthood Action Fund 2015 Lifetime Score". VoteSmart.org. Project Vote Smart. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  40. ↑ "2014 Congressional Record on Choice". NARAL Pro-Choice America. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  41. ↑ "Congressional Scorecard". www.plannedparenthoodaction.org. Retrieved 2017-07-05.
  42. ↑ "National Right to Life Scorecard". capwiz.com. National Right To Life. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  43. ↑ Foley, Elise (December 18, 2010). "Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Passes Senate 65-31". Huffington Post. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  44. ↑ Keyes, Bob (December 18, 2010). "Snowe, Collins join majority in repeal of 'Don't Ask, Don't Tell'". Kennebec Journal. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  45. ↑ Toeplitz, Shira (December 18, 2010). "Eight Republicans back 'Don’t Ask' repeal". Politico. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  46. ↑ "Senate Vote On the Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 2965". Senate.gov. December 18, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  47. ↑ "Senate Vote 281 – Repeals ‘Don't Ask, Don't Tell'". The New York Times. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  48. ↑ Moretto, Mario (June 25, 2014). "Susan Collins: I support same-sex marriage [Susan Collins becomes fourth GOP senator to publicly support same-sex marriage]". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  49. ↑ "In An Important First for Republicans, Maine's Susan Collins Wins Reelection". Advocate.com. Here Media Inc. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
  50. ↑ Moretto, Mario (November 12, 2013). "Collins’ support of workplace rights for gays earns scorn of conservative women’s group". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
  51. ↑ "114th Congressional Scorecard" (PDF). HRC.org. Human Rights Campaign. 2017. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
  52. ↑ Senators compromise on filibusters: Bipartisan group agrees to vote to end debate on 3 nominees, CNN (May 24, 2005).
  53. ↑ Ken Rudin, Judging Alito: The Gang of 14 Factor, NPR.org, January 4, 2006.
  54. ↑ "Confirmation Samuel A. Alito, Jr., of New Jersey, to be an Associate Justice". washingtonpost.com. January 31, 2006. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  55. ↑ "Confirmation of John G. Roberts, Jr., of Maryland, to be Chief Justice of the United States". washingtonpost.com. September 29, 2005. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  56. ↑ How Republican Senators Voted on Sotomayor, New York Times (August 6, 2009).
  57. ↑ David Jackson, Senate confirms Elena Kagan to Supreme Court, USA Today, August 5, 2010.
  58. ↑ Mike DeBonis, GOP senator 'more convinced than ever' that Garland should get hearing, Washington Post (April 5, 2016).
  59. ↑ Kristina Peterson, Senator Susan Collins Urges Colleagues to Meet Judge Merrick Garland, Wall Street Journal, April 5, 2016.
  60. ↑ Susan Collins Urges Senate To 'Follow Regular Order' on Supreme Court Nominee, NPR.org, March 16, 2016.
  61. ↑ "How Susan Collins voted on all votes". The Washington Post. p. 448. Retrieved May 9, 2016.
  62. ↑ Lieberman, Joe; Collins, Susan (May 2, 2008). "Lieberman and Collins Step Up Scrutiny of Cyber Security Initiative". U.S. Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. Archived from the original on January 12, 2009. Retrieved May 14, 2008.
  63. ↑ Condon, Stephanie; McCullagh, Declan (July 31, 2008). "DHS stays mum on new 'Cyber Security' center". CNET News. CBS. Retrieved September 2, 2008.
  64. ↑ Blake, Aaron. "Coffman, Gardner join Republicans against President Trump’s travel ban; here's where the rest stand". Denver Post. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
  65. ↑ "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 1836, as amended)". US Senate. May 23, 2001.
  66. ↑ "On the Conference Report (H.R. 2 Conference Report)". US Senate. May 23, 2003.
  67. ↑ "Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to Consider H.R.5970; Estate Tax and Extension of Tax Relief Act of 2006". washingtonpost.com. August 3, 2006. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  68. ↑ "S.AMDT.675 to H.R.1836". Library of Congress. May 17, 2001.
  69. ↑ Broder, David S. (February 18, 2009). "President Obama shouldn't give up on bipartisanship". The Seattle Times. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  70. ↑ "Senate Vote on the Motion to Waive Rule XXVIII Re: Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 3288". Senate.gov. December 11, 2009. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  71. ↑ "S. 1737 – Summary". United States Congress. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
  72. ↑ Sink, Justin (April 2, 2014). "Obama: Congress has 'clear choice' on minimum wage". The Hill. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  73. ↑ Bolton, Alexander (April 8, 2014). "Reid punts on minimum-wage hike". The Hill. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  74. 1 2 3 4 Bolton, Alexander (April 4, 2014). "Centrist Republicans cool to minimum wage hike compromise". The Hill. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  75. ↑ "Question: On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2 as Amended) (Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2009". United State Senate. March 19, 2009.
  76. ↑ "Question: On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3590 as Amended) (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act)". United States Senate. December 24, 2009.
  77. ↑ "Question: On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 4872 as Amended) (Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010)". United States Senate. March 25, 2010.
  78. ↑ Joe Lawlor (January 10, 2017). "Collins leads effort to slow Senate push to repeal Affordable Care Act". Portland Press Herald.
  79. ↑ Susan Cornwell (January 23, 2017). "Republicans propose giving U.S. states option to keep Obamacare". Reuters.
  80. ↑ Daniel Marans (January 11, 2017). "Just One GOP Senator Voted To Block Legislation Cutting Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid". The Huffington Post.
  81. ↑ Joe Lawlor (March 16, 2017). "Sen. Collins says she can't support House health care plan in current form". Portland Press Herald.
  82. ↑ Goldstein, Amy; Post, Washington. "Collins, King won’t support Senate bill to replace Obamacare". The Bangor Daily News. Retrieved 2017-06-27.
  83. ↑ Trunko, Leah DePiero, Matthew. "Lisa Murkowski, Shelley Moore Capito, Susan Collins take heat on Twitter for opposing Senate healthcare bill". Washington Examiner. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  84. ↑ Kaplan, Thomas; Sullivan, Eileen (2017-07-26). "Health Care Vote: Senate Rejects Repeal Without Replace". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-07-26.
  85. ↑ Jacobs, Ben; Gambino, Lauren (2017-07-28). "US Senate rejects bill to repeal Obamacare in huge blow for Trump – live". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-07-28.
  86. ↑ "Klobuchar joins bipartisan energy group". Star Tribune. September 12, 2008. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  87. ↑ "S. 2877 [111th]: Carbon Limits and Energy for America's Renewal (CLEAR) Act". GovTrack.us. December 11, 2009. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  88. 1 2 "The Carbon Limits and Energy for America's Renewal (CLEAR) Act". cantwell.senate.gov. Maria Cantwell. Archived from the original on August 13, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2011.
  89. ↑ "Defending the Cantwell/Collins CLEAR Act". Grist.org. December 14, 2009. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
  90. ↑ "Susan Collins votes with Dems to reject repeal of environmental regulation". Sun Journal. Retrieved 2017-05-10.
  91. ↑ "U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 113th Congress – 1st Session". Legislation & Records. US Senate. Retrieved July 30, 2013.
  92. ↑ "Where the Senate stands on guns — in one chart". Washington Post. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  93. 1 2 Cox, Ramsey; Bolton, Alexander (April 9, 2014). "Senate GOP blocks paycheck bill". The Hill. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  94. ↑ Collins, Steve. "Despite committee vote, Collins says she has not made up mind on Betsy DeVos". Sun Journal (Lewiston, Maine). Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  95. ↑ Martinson, Erica. "Murkowski on DeVos: 'This nomination is very difficult for me'". Alaska Dispatch News. Alaska Dispatch Publishing. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  96. ↑ "Senator Collins Announces She Will Vote Against the Confirmation of Betsy DeVos to be Secretary of Education". collins.senate.gov (Press release). Washington, DC. February 1, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  97. ↑ Strauss, Valerie (January 31, 2017). "Two Republican senators say they aren’t committed to voting for Betsy DeVos on Senate floor". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  98. ↑ Berman, Russell. "Will the Senate Block Betsy DeVos?". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2017-02-16.
  99. ↑ Cowan, Richard. "Vice President Mike Pence breaks Senate tie to confirm Betsy DeVos as US education secretary". Reuters.com. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
  100. ↑ Zapotosky, Matt, and Sari Horwitz, "Collins introduces Trump’s AG pick in confirmation hearing", Washington Post via Bangor Daily News, January 10, 2017.
  101. ↑ Ripon Advance News Service (January 12, 2015). "Wicker backs Collins bill redefining full-time work week". RiponAdvance.com. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  102. ↑ "Questions and Answers on Employer Shared Responsibility Provisions Under the Affordable Care Act". IRS.gov. Internal Revenue Service. January 18, 2017. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  103. 1 2 Ripon Advance Reports (September 3, 2013). "Collins fights for 40 hour work week". RiponAdvance.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  104. ↑ Thistle, Scott. "Is Susan Collins planning to run for governor in 2018?". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved March 14, 2015.
  105. ↑ "Lawmaker says his bill isn’t about Susan Collins running for governor". Bangor Daily News. March 30, 2014. Retrieved March 31, 2015.
  106. ↑ "Collins Says She Is Baffled By Rumor She Is Running For Governor". MPBN.net. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  107. ↑ "Senator Collins Receives Congressional Sea Services Award". collins.senate.gov. September 25, 2012. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
  108. ↑ "Collins to get U.S. Chamber award, speak in Waterville Tuesday". Kennebec Journal. June 19, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
  109. ↑ "Senator Collins Receives "Legislator of the Year Award" from Congressional Fire Services Institute". Susan Collins United States Senator for Maine.
  110. ↑ "U.S. Senator Susan Collins to Receive Corporation for Public Broadcasting Thought Leader Award". Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  111. ↑ "The Best and Worst Attendance Records in the Senate". NationalJournal. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
  112. ↑ "47th Annual Awards Dinner Honoring Senators Susan Collins and Joe Manchin". Center for the Study of the Presidency and Congress.
  113. ↑ Watters, Susan (March 26, 2014). "Gucci and Elle Honor Women in Washington Power List". WWD. Retrieved March 28, 2014.
  114. ↑ "Sen. Susan Collins receives prestigious veterans award". Portland Press Herald. March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  115. ↑ https://www.bates.edu/news/2017/04/13/geoffrey-canada-2017-commencement-address-honorands-susan-collins-wanda-corn-patrick-dempsey/
  116. ↑ "Susan Collins and Thomas Daffron". The New York Times. August 12, 2012. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
Party political offices
Preceded by
John McKernan		 Republican nominee for Governor of Maine
1994 		Succeeded by
Jim Longley
Preceded by
Bill Cohen		 Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Maine
(Class 2)
1996, 2002, 2008, 2014 		Most recent
Preceded by
Jennifer Dunn
Steve Largent		 Response to the State of the Union address
2000
Served alongside: Bill Frist		 Succeeded by
Tom Daschle
Dick Gephardt
U.S. Senate
Preceded by
Bill Cohen		 U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Maine
1997–present
Served alongside: Olympia Snowe, Angus King		 Incumbent
Preceded by
Joe Lieberman		 Chair of the Senate Homeland Security Committee
2003–2007 		Succeeded by
Joe Lieberman
Ranking Member of the Senate Homeland Security Committee
2007–2015 		Succeeded by
Tom Carper
Preceded by
Bob Corker		 Ranking Member of the Senate Aging Committee
2013–2015 		Succeeded by
Claire McCaskill
Preceded by
Bill Nelson		 Chair of the Senate Aging Committee
2015–present 		Incumbent
Current U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
Jack Reed		 United States Senators by seniority
15th 		Succeeded by
Mike Enzi
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