Sunjo of Joseon

Sunjo
King of Joseon

Reign 1800-1834
Predecessor Jeongjo of Joseon
Successor Heonjong of Joseon
Born (1790-07-29)29 July 1790
Died 13 December 1834(1834-12-13) (aged 44)
Burial Illeung, Seoul, Korea
Spouse Queen Sunwon
Issue Crown Prince Hyomyeong
An unknown Prince
Princess Myeongon
Princess Bokon
Princess Deokon
Princess Yeongon
House House of Yi
Father King Jeongjo of Joseon
Mother Royal Noble Consort Su
Sunjo of Joseon
Hangul 순조
Hanja 純祖
Revised Romanization Sunjo
McCune–Reischauer Sunjo
Birth name
Hangul 이공
Hanja 李玜
Revised Romanization I Gong
McCune–Reischauer Ri Kong

Sunjo of Joseon (29 July 1790 – 13 December 1834, reigned 1800–1834) was the 23rd king of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. He was born with the title of His Royal Highness Prince Yi Gong. Sunjo was the 2nd son of King Jeongjo which King Jeongjo had with Lady Subin, one of King Jeongjo concubines.

Biography

Sunjo ascended to the throne at age 11 in 1800 upon the death of his father, King Jeongjo.

In 1802, King Sunjo married Lady Kim of Andong, known posthumously as Queen Sunwon, daughter of Kim Jo-sun who was a leader of Andong Kim clan.

Since he ascended the throne at a young age, Queen Dowager Jeongsun, the second queen of King Yeongjo, ruled as queen regent, which allowed her to wield power over state affairs. Despite King Sunjo's efforts to reform politics, the fundamental principles of government deteriorated. The state examination became disordered and corruption in the government personnel administration prevailed. This resulted in disorder in society and various kinds of riots broke out among the people, including the revolt by Hong Gyeong-nae in 1811-1812. The Ogajaktongbeop (五家作統法), a census registration system to group five houses as one unit) was also carried out in this period, and oppression against Roman Catholicism began in earnest.[1]

King Sunjo died after reigning for 35 years in 1834 at the age of 44. He was first buried next to Jangneung, Paju, the tomb of King Injo and Queen Inyeo but later moved to Illeung, Seoul as the Feng Shui at the old site was deemed to be unfavourable.[2]

Family

  1. Queen Sunwon of the Andong Kim clan (8 June 1789 - 21 September 1857) (순원왕후 김씨)[4][5]
    1. Yi Yeong, Crown Prince Hyomyeong (18 September 1809 - 25 June 1830) (이영 효명세자)[6]
    2. An unknown Prince (1820 - ?) (대군)
    3. Princess Myeongon (13 October 1810 - 13 June 1832) (명온공주)
    4. Princess Bokon (26 October 1818 - 12 May 1832) (복온공주)
    5. Princess Deokon (10 June 1822 - 24 May 1844) (덕온공주)
  2. Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Miryang Park clan (? - 30 June 1854) (숙의 박씨)
    1. Princess Yeongon (11 October 1817 - 8 April 1829) (영온옹주)

His full posthumous name

Ancestry

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Cultural Heritage, the source for Koreans' Strength and Dream". Cultural Heritage Administration Of Korea. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  2. ↑ "Heonilleung Royal Tomb Seoul, Korea". Exploring Korea. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  3. ↑ Daughter of Park Jun-won (박준원) and Lady Won of the Wonju Won clan
  4. ↑ Daughter of Kim Jo-sun (김조순) and Lady Sim (심씨)
  5. ↑ Posthumously known as "Sunwon, the Sook Empress" (순원숙황후)
  6. ↑ He is given the title "Ikjong" (익종)
Sunjo of Joseon
Born: 1790 Died: 1834
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Jeongjo		 King of Joseon
1800–1834
with Queen Jeongsun (1800–1805) 		Succeeded by
Heonjong

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