Sundergarh district

Sundergarh District
ସୁନ୍ଦରଗଡ଼ ଜିଲ୍ଲା
District

Location in Odisha, India
Coordinates: 22°06′58″N 84°00′58″E / 22.116°N 84.016°E / 22.116; 84.016Coordinates: 22°06′58″N 84°00′58″E / 22.116°N 84.016°E / 22.116; 84.016
Country  India
State Odisha
Headquarters Sundergarh
Government
 • Collector Sri Bhupendra Singh Poonia, IAS
Area
 • Total 9,712 km2 (3,750 sq mi)
Population (2001)
 • Total 1,830,673
 • Density 188/km2 (490/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Odia, English, Sadri, The main medium of Communication is Sundargadi, a form of Odia language.
 • Other local language Ho
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 769 xxx, 770 xxx
Vehicle registration OD-16, OD-14
Literacy 65.22%
Lok Sabha constituency Sundargarh
Vidhan Sabha constituency

7

Climate Aw (Köppen)
Precipitation 1,657.1 millimetres (65.24 in)
Website www.sundergarh.nic.in

Sundergarh District also spelled Sundargarh District (Odia: ସୁନ୍ଦରଗଡ଼ ଜିଲ୍ଲା) is a district in the northwestern part of Odisha state in eastern India. It is one of the 5th scheduled areas under constitution of India. Sundergarh district is bounded by Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh in the west, Jashpur district of Chhattisgarh in the North-West, Simdega district of Jharkhand in the North, West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand and Keonjhar district of Odisha in the east and Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh and Angul districts of Odisha in the South. The town of Sundergarh is the district headquarters.

Geography

The Sundergarh district forms the northwestern part of the Odisha state and is the second largest district in the state accounting for 6.23% of the total area. The geographical area of the district is 9712 km2. The district spreads from 21°36′N to 22°32′N and from 83°32′E to 85°22′E.[1]

History

On 1 January 1948, the princely states of Gangpur and Bonaigarh merged into the present district of Sundergarh. It is understood that, in ancient times, this district was under the rulers of different dynasties. However, divergent views are available regarding the origin of the ruling family. Bonaigarh was known as Bonai Mandala and was ruled by Mayura dynasty as a feudetory of Bhoumakara dynasty of Toshali. The present royal family of Gangpur belongs to the Parmar dynasty and Bonaigarh belongs to Kadamba dynasty. These ex-states were under the suzerainty of Sambalpur which formed part of the dominion of the Maratha Rajas of Nagpur. They were ceded to the British Government in 1803 by the Maratha Chief Raghuji Bhonsla of Nagpur under the treaty of Deogaon(near Rourkela). But they were restored to him by special engagement in 1806. They were finally ceded in 1826. In 1905, these two Odia princely states were transferred from the control of the Commissioner of Chhotanagpur to that of Odisha Division and a separate Political Agent was appointed.

The district is currently a part of the Red Corridor.[2]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Sundergarh district has a population of 2,080,664,[3] roughly equal to the nation of Macedonia[4] or the US state of New Mexico.[5] This gives it a ranking of 221st in India (out of a total of 640).[3] The district has a population density of 214 inhabitants per square kilometre (550/sq mi) .[3] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 13.66%.[3] Sundargarh has a sex ratio of 971 females for every 1000 males,[3] and a literacy rate of 74.13%.[3]

The Tribals are a major part of the population of this district. According to Census of India report, percentage of tribal population of this district was 50.19 in the 2001 census. The malaria infection of this district is three times the national average. Many children die due to apathy of government medical officials.

Kisan tribe

The Kisan tribe are the major inhabitans of this district along with Oraon, Gond etc. They are farmers and food gatherers by profession. They are famous for their singing and dancing along with their hospitality. They speak the Kisan language along with Sadri, Sambalpuri, Oriya, Hindi and English. Kutra is a very well known Kisan village.

Kutra is a modern village situated on the State Highway between Rajgangpur and Sundergarh. It is the block headquarter under Sundergarh District. It has a police station, fire station, hospital and schools. The Toppos are the main residents of the village. The Tribals are the major community in this area. The Tribals are famous for their songs and dance along with their hospitality. Buss the main source of transport, and the nearest train station is at Rajgangpur.

The main language spoken in the region is Odia, which is known as Sundargadia Oriya, with a variation to the other major dialects of Oriya spoken in Western part of Odisha. People of the Agariya community speak the Agariya language, ehich is a mix of Oriya and Hindi language. In village areas that border the Jharsuguda district of Odisha and the Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh, the main language is Agariya, as most of the total population is Agariya. As Sundargarh is a tribally dominated district, the Mundari, Kurukh, Ho, Kharia, and Santali languages are spoken as mother tongues by the concerned tribal people. Santali is written in Ol Chiki script. Sadri language is the lingua franca among the tribal people of the district. Hindi is understood and spoken by people of the district due to its close proximity with Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. Due to cosmopolitan characteristics, the people of Rourkela use Standard Oriya or Standard Hindi as means of communication. However English and Odia languages are used for all official purposes.

Culture

Nuakhai is one of the most important festivals in the district. Both Hindus and Christians celebrate Nuakhai. Karma and Sarhul are also celebrated by both Hindus and Christians.

Rath Yatra of Lord Jagannath is celebrated by non tribal people, in places like the Jagannath temple.

Bargaon in Sundargarh district of Odisha is famous for "Ramnavami Yatra" and "Nama Sankirtana". The place in Bargaon where the festival and cultural programs are performed is known as "Deva Mandapa". The Deva Mandapa is surrounded by "Lord Jagannath Temple", "Sri Hanuman Temple" and a "Dharma Sala" in three sides and the other side is a wide road connecting to the streets of Bargaon-Basti.

The theme of Ramnavami Yatra is the ‘Ramlila’. Performers of the village enact the entire story of Ramayana in open\multiple stages. The whole village is involved in facilitating and welcoming the visitors of that region. Thousands of visitors visit Bargaon during Ramnavami. Ramlila is performed at night, so security and other facilities are provided by local volunteers. Rajgangpur is also famous for its Ramnavami Festival.

Nama Sankirtana is a form of worshipping Lord Krishna and Lord Rama as per the Oriya Vashnavite philosophy in a gathering. The mantra "Hare Rama, Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare. Hare Krushna, Hare Krushna, Krushna Krushna, Hare Hare" is enchanted by the worshippers for number of times till Purnahuti (closing ceremony). It is commemorate for 1, 3, 9, 21, 56, 156 days. The highest was 156 days Nama Sankirtana in Bargaon.

Sport

Sundargarh has given many talented international hockey player like Dilip Tirkey, Ignace Tirkey and many more that it got nicknamed "Mecca of Indian Hockey" and "Hockey District".

Economy

Sundargarh district does have big industries at Rourkela, Rajgangpur and Kansbahal.

The Rourkela Steel Plant at Rourkela in this district is the first government sector Steel plant built with foreign (German) collaboration and was the first in India to use LD oxygen technology.

Rajgangpur is an important town situated between Rourkela and Sundergarh. It has a cement plant (OCL India Limited) and many small industries and Taran Textiles.

A fabrication plant (L&T) exists at Kansbahal.

Sundargarh is going to have 2 umpp,[6] one at Darlipali a 1600 MW planned thermal power plant to be built by NTPC[7] another one at Bhedabahal. Along with that there is another place known as Bonai.

Sundargarh has more than 26 mines. (Coal Mines, Iron ore Mines, Manganese Mines, Lime stone mines)

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Sundergarh one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[8] It is one of the 19 districts in Odisha currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[8]

Politics

Vidhan Sabha constituencies

The following is the 7 Vidhan Sabha constituencies[9][10] of Sundergarh district and the elected members[11] of that area

No. Constituency Reservation Extent of the Assembly Constituency (Blocks) Member of 14th Assembly Party
8 Talsara ST Subdega, Balisankara, Baragaon, Lephripara (part) Prafulla Majhi INC
9 Sundargarh ST Sundargarh (M), Sundargarh, Tangarpali, Hemgiri, Lephripara (part) Jogesh Kumar Singh INC
10 Biramitrapur ST Biramitrapur (M), Kuarmunda, Nuagaon, Bisra (part) George Tirkey SKD
11 Raghunathpali SC Rourkela (Township), Lathikata (part) Subrat Tarai BJD
12 Rourkela None Rourkela (M), Kulunga (O.G.), Bisra (part) Dilip Ray BJP
13 Rajgangpur ST Rajgangpur (M), Rajgangpur, Kutra, Lathikata (part) Mangala Kisan BJD
14 Bonai ST Gurundia, Bonaigarh, Lahunipara, Koira Laxman Munda CPI(M)

Tourist Places

Mandira Dam

References

  1. ↑ "Sundargarh District At A Glance :". Sundergarh.nic.in. 1948-01-01. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  2. ↑ "83 districts under the Security Related Expenditure Scheme". IntelliBriefs. 11 December 2009. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  4. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Macedonia 2,077,328 July 2011 est.
  5. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. New Mexico – 2,059,179
  6. ↑ "Project Today News: Coal/Lignite Based Power, Orissa to get 3 mega power plants". Projectstoday.com. 2009-01-22. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  7. ↑ "Odisha HC 's green signal to 1600 MW NTPC power plant". OdishaSunTimes.com. 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2016-01-30.
  8. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  9. ↑ Assembly Constituencies and their EXtent
  10. ↑ Seats of Odisha
  11. ↑ "List of Member in Fourteenth Assembly". ws.ori.nic.in. Retrieved 19 February 2013. MEMBER NAME

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