Sudan Liberation Movement/Army

Sudan Liberation Movement
Participant in Darfur conflict and the Sudan internal conflict


Logo and flag of the SLM/A
Active 2002–present
Leaders Minni Minnawi - SLM (Minnawi)
Abdul Wahid al Nur - SLM (al-Nur)
Area of operations Darfur, Sudan
Part of Sudan Revolutionary Front
War in Darfur
Timeline
International response
UNMIS / AMIS / UNAMID
ICC investigation
Combatants
SLM
JEM
LJM
Janjaweed
Other articles
History of Darfur
Bibliography

The Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (Arabic: حركة تحرير السودان Ḥarakat Taḥrīr Al-Sūdān; abbreviated SLM, SLA or SLM/A) is a Sudanese rebel group active in Darfur, Sudan. It was founded as the Darfur Liberation Front[1] by members of three indigenous ethnic groups in Darfur, the Fur, the Zaghawa and the Masalit[2] among whom were the leaders Abdul Wahid al Nur of the Fur and Minni Minnawi of the Zaghawa.[2]

Formation

General Omar al-Tsim, and the National Islamic Front headed by Dr. Hassan al-Turabi, overthrew the Sudanese government led by Ahmed al-Mirghani in 1989. A large section of the population in Darfur, particularly the non-Arab ethnicities in the region, became increasingly marginalized.[3][4] These feelings were crystallized by the publication in 2000 of The Black Book, that detailed the structural inequity in the Sudan, which denies non-Arabs equal justice and power sharing. In 2002 Abdul Wahid al Nur, a lawyer, Ahmad Abdel Shafi Bassey, an education student, and a third man founded the Darfur Liberation Front which subsequently evolved into the Sudan Liberation Movement, and claimed to represent all of the oppressed in the Sudan.[1]

Groups and factions

Main factions

In 2006, the Sudan Liberation Movement split into two main factions, divided on the issue of the Darfur Peace Agreement:

Other smaller splinter groups

References

  1. 1 2 Flint, Julie and De Waal, Alexander (2008) Darfur: A New History of a Long War Zed Books, London, p. 90, ISBN 978-1-84277-949-1
  2. 1 2 "BBC News - Who are Sudan's Darfur rebels?". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  3. Flint, Julie and De Waal, Alexander (2008) Darfur: A New History of a Long War Zed Books, London, pp. 16-17, ISBN 978-1-84277-949-1
  4. Jok, Jok Madut (2007) Sudán: Race, Religion and Violence Oneworld, Oxford, p. 4 ISBN 978-1-85168-366-6
  5. "Darfur Peace Agreement Fact Sheet" Office of the Spokesman, U.S. Department of State, May 2006, from Internet Archives
  6. "Minawi announces withdrawal from Abuja Agreement". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  7. Staff (December 2006) "No Dialogue, No Commitment: The Perils of Deadline Diplomacy for Darfur" Sudan Issue Brief Number 4, p. 3, Human Security Baseline Assessment, Small Arms Survey, Geneva, Switzerland, from Internet Archives
  8. "Account Suspended". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  9. "مفكرة الإسلام : قيادات ميدانية بدارفور تنشق عن حركة الع". 10 November 2010. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  10. http://www.sudanvisiondaily.com/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=63317
  11. "Account Suspended". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
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