West Nipissing

West Nipissing
Nipissing-Ouest
Municipality (single-tier)
Municipality of West Nipissing
Municipalité de Nipissing-Ouest

Power dam on the Sturgeon River in Sturgeon Falls.
Coordinates: 46°22′N 79°55′W / 46.367°N 79.917°W / 46.367; -79.917Coordinates: 46°22′N 79°55′W / 46.367°N 79.917°W / 46.367; -79.917
Country  Canada
Province  Ontario
District Nipissing
Established January 1, 1999
Government
 • Mayor Joanne Savage
 • Governing Body West Nipissing Town Council
 • MPs Marc Serré (Liberal)
 • MPPs John Vanthof (NDP)
Area[1]
 • Total 1,993.63 km2 (769.74 sq mi)
Population (2016)[1]
 • Total 14,364
 • Density 7.2/km2 (19/sq mi)
Time zone EST (UTC−5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC−4)
Postal Code P0H, P2B
Area code(s) 705, 249
Website www.westnipissingouest.ca

West Nipissing is a municipality in Northeastern Ontario, Canada, on Lake Nipissing in the Nipissing District. It was formed on January 1, 1999, with the amalgamation of seventeen and a half former town, villages, townships and unorganized communities.

It is the most bilingual community in Ontario, with 73.4% of its population fluent in both English and French.

Communities

The primary administrative and commercial centre of West Nipissing is the community of Sturgeon Falls, which is situated on the Sturgeon River, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of Lake Nipissing and 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of North Bay on Highway 17, part of the Trans-Canada Highway. Roughly half the population of West Nipissing lives in Sturgeon Falls.

Field is located on Highway 64, approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Sturgeon Falls. In 1979, the Sturgeon River overflowed its banks, flooding the town's centre. Many houses were demolished and rebuilt on higher ground nearby. The Thistle Fire Tower is to be dismantled and re-erected here as a tourist attraction. Logging, farming and outdoor recreational activities are main village industries.

Verner is located on the Veuve River (Rivière Veuve), at the western junction of highways 17 and 64, approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of Sturgeon Falls. The largely francophone community serves as an agricultural hub for the surrounding area and offers a consumers' cooperative and farm equipment dealers. The town was named for the wife of Canadian Pacific Railway superintendent Archer Baker, who oversaw the laying of track through the West Nipissing area in the 1880s.

Many of the francophone settlers immigrated to the area from Michigan in the late 19th century in order to preserve their language; they were concerned they would lose their language in the predominantly anglophone United States.

Smaller communities in the municipality include Cache Bay, Caderette, Crystal Falls, Desaulniers, Evansville, Harfred, Kirk, Lavigne, Notre-Dame-du-Lac and River Valley. It also includes part of the North Monetville area, which straddles the boundary between West Nipissing and French River. The Nipissing First Nation is also located nearby and is closely associated with West Nipissing.

History

The original inhabitants of the area are the N’Biissing, an Anishinabek people, and many N’Biissing still inhabit the area today. A trading post was founded in the last quarter of the 18th century on an island on Lake Nipissing at the mouth of the La Vase River, called Fort La Ronde and was operated by Denis de la Ronde. Fort La Ronde will move numerous times on different islands on Lake Nipissing. It was later sold to North West Company. It was later bought by the Hudson's Bay Company around 1820 and was later relocated on the right bank of the river several hundred metres below the falls, at the mouth of Sturgeon River, trading with the N’Biissing for furs and other goods.[2] James R. Holditch of Utterson, Ontario is generally credited as being the first permanent non-aboriginal settler in the area.[3][4] He arrived in 1878 and built a cabin on the left bank, near the waterfalls. Nowadays, the Sturgeon River House Museum sits where the HBC trading post was. It was founded as a centennial project in 1967 by the Historical Restoration Committee of the Sturgeon Falls Secondary High School, the Township of Springer, the Town of Cache Bay, in cooperation and funded by the Government of Canada and the Government of Ontario. It was renovated and re-opened in 1999 and upgraded to include a permanent building capable of being open year-round and vastly improved its exhibits, which now include two exhibits, one permanent and a semi-permanent.[5] It is now an agency of the Municipality of West Nipissing and supports the West Nipissing tax base.[6]

The region began to grow in the 1880s, with the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) and the efforts of Fr. Charles Alfred Marie Paradis, an Oblate missionary, to develop an agricultural settlement for Franco-Ontarians in the Verner area.

The development of Sturgeon Falls began in 1881 with the arrival of Canadian Pacific Railway construction crews. The area's first post office was opened in Sturgeon Falls in 1881. Lumbering and the establishment of pulp and paper industries accelerated the village's growth and attracted many French-Canadian settlers to the area.[7]

The addition of sawmills and the rapid growth of the lumbering and pulp and paper industries stimulated the development of the village and attracted many French-Canadian settlers to the area. The town of Sturgeon Falls was incorporated on April 16, 1895. At the time, J. A. Lévis was elected the first mayor and the population was 850.

The community of Field suffered two significant natural disasters in the 1970s. On August 20, 1970, it was hit by a small tornado associated with the Sudbury, Ontario tornado event. In the spring of 1979 the Sturgeon River overflowed its banks at Field, causing massive flooding in the town's centre.[8] Half the town that was located in the flood plain was relocated to higher ground two kilometres south of the original town centre on Highway 64. This new location is known as New Field (Val-des-Arbres).

Demographics

Canada census – West Nipissing community profile
2016 2011 2006
Population: 14,364 (1.5% from 2011) 14,149 (5.5% from 2006) 13,410 (2.3% from 2001)
Land area: 1,993.68 km2 (769.76 sq mi) 1,992.08 km2 (769.15 sq mi) 1,989.57 km2 (768.18 sq mi)
Population density: 7.2/km2 (19/sq mi) 7.1/km2 (18/sq mi) 6.7/km2 (17/sq mi)
Median age: 47.1 (M: 46.7, F: 47.5) 44.7 (M: 44.0, F: 45.3)
Total private dwellings: 7013 7156 6554
Median household income: $42,548
References: 2016[9] 2011[10] 2006[11] earlier[12]

Media and education

The region is served primarily by broadcast stations from North Bay and Sudbury. Two commercial radio stations, CFSF-FM and CHYQ-FM,[13] broadcast from Sturgeon Falls.

The area has a weekly newspaper, The West Nipissing Tribune, which was previously called The Sturgeon Falls Tribune. It is also served by the daily North Bay Nugget, and the francophone newspaper Le Voyageur.

Students attend either Northern Secondary School or École secondaire catholique Franco-Cité.

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 "West Nipissing / Nipissing Ouest, Ontario (Code 3548055) census profile". 2011 Census of Population. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
  2. ↑ http://www.sturgeonriverhouse.com/pa-past.html
  3. ↑ James Holditch at Find a Grave
  4. ↑ "James Holditch (1851- 1913)". HFHS Journal (20). May 2002.
  5. ↑ http://www.sturgeonriverhouse.com/ex-hibits.html
  6. ↑ http://westnipissing.ca/municipal-services/community-services/museum
  7. ↑ http://www.heritagefdn.on.ca/userfiles/HTML/nts_1_6640_1.html Ontario Heritage Trust Founding of Sturgeon Falls
  8. ↑ "Water level still rising in stricken Ontario town". The Globe and Mail, May 1, 1979.
  9. ↑ "2016 Community Profiles". Canada 2016 Census. Statistics Canada. February 21, 2017. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
  10. ↑ "2011 Community Profiles". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. July 5, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
  11. ↑ "2006 Community Profiles". Canada 2006 Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
  12. ↑ "2001 Community Profiles". Canada 2001 Census. Statistics Canada. February 17, 2012.
  13. ↑ Broadcasting Decision CRTC 2011-2
  14. ↑ McGill Reporter - Volume 28 Number 8
  15. ↑ Professionally Speaking - June 2004
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.