Stasi Records Agency

Stasi Records Agency

Stasi-Unterlagen-Behörde
Agency overview
Formed	3 October 1990 (1990-10-03)
Jurisdiction	Government of Germany
Headquarters	Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 31/33 Berlin-Mitte, Germany
Employees	1,708[1]
Agency executive	Roland Jahn, Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records
Website	http://www.bstu.bund.de

The Federal Commissioner for the Records of the State Security Service of the former German Democratic Republic, also known as the Stasi Records Agency or BStU, (see §Name below) is an upper-level federal agency of Germany that preserves and protects the archives and investigates the past actions of the former Stasi, which served as the secret police and foreign intelligence organization of the communist German Democratic Republic (East Germany). Since March 2011, Roland Jahn has been head of the agency.

The agency is subordinate to the Representative of the Federal Government for Culture (Bernd Neumann, CDU). As of 2012, it had 1,708 employees.^[2]

The agency is a founding member organisation of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience.^[3]

Name

The agency is formally known by the title of its lead official as the "Federal Commissioner for the Records of the State Security Service of the former German Democratic Republic" (German: Der Bundesbeauftragte für die Unterlagen des Staatssicherheitsdienstes der ehemaligen Deutschen Demokratischen Republik). Due to its unwieldy title, the Commissioner is more usually referred to as the "Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records" (German: Der Bundesbeauftragte für die Stasi-Unterlagen) or abbreviated as the BStU.^[4]

In German, the office is informally often referred to using the incumbent federal commissioner's own name, as the Gauck office (German: Gauck-Behörde), Birthler office (German: Birthler-Behörde) or Jahn office (German: Jahn-Behörde).

The agency also refers to itself as the "Stasi Records Agency" (Stasi-Unterlagen-Behörde).^[5]

History

During the regime's final days, Stasi officials destroyed documents with paper shredders and by burning. The burning of files led to the first occupation of a Stasi-Building on December 4, 1989 in Erfurt. That morning some women saw dark smoke above the chimneys of the Stasi. They knew that the Stasi office in Erfurt was heated with gas, which only makes white smoke. They deduced that dark smoke was the result of burning papers. With the help of other citizens they occupied the local secret police buildings. They also called the military prosecutor. The prosecutor sealed the buildings and formed a citizen's committee (Bürgerkomittee) for inspection of the remaining files and surveillance of the work of the state-security officials.^[6][7] This became a blueprint for what happened over the next days in Stasi buildings all over East Germany. Citizens gained access to the Stasi headquarters in Berlin on January 15, 1990 to halt the destruction there.

After German Reunification in October 1990, Joachim Gauck was named Special Commissioner for the Stasi Records; following the passage of the Stasi Records Act in December 1991, he became first Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records, heading the newly created Stasi Records Agency.^[8]

In 1992, following a declassification ruling by the German government, the Stasi records were opened to public access, leading people to look for their files. Timothy Garton Ash, an English historian, wrote The File: A Personal History after reading the file compiled about him while he completed his dissertation research in East Berlin.

In 1995, the BStU began reassembling the shredded documents as well; since then the archivists commissioned to the projects had reassembled 400 bags; they are now developing a system for computer-assisted data recovery to reassemble the remaining 15,000 bags — estimated at 33 million pages.^[9][10]

The CIA acquired some Stasi records concerning the espionage of the Stasi. The Federal Republic of Germany has asked for their return and received some in April 2000.^[11] Since the year 2003 the data of the so-called Rosenholz files is a part of the Stasi Records of the BStU.^[12]

At its peak, the Stasi had records on some 6 million people, about one third of East Germany's 17 million citizens. It also had an archive of sweat and body odor samples.

Federal Commissioners

The agency is headed by a Federal Commissioner, elected by the Bundestag. Since 1990, the following persons have been Federal Commissioners:

• Joachim Gauck (1990–2000)
• Marianne Birthler (2000–2011)
• Roland Jahn (2011–)

Controversy

Controversy erupted after an investigation, whose report had been leaked to the media, found out that the BStU at one point employed at least 79 former Stasi members and still employed 52 as of 2009. The great majority of these were hired from the "bodyguards" branch of the Stasi; some were former archivists and some were just technicians. There was suspicion that some of these former Stasi officers managed to manipulate records, so nowadays no former Stasi officers are allowed to enter the Stasi Archives by themselves. The report recommended, for several reasons besides the issue of former Stasi officers working for the BStU, to integrate the BStU into the German Federal Archives. It also reported there was a constitutionally questionable situation.^[13] In summer 2008, the German Parliament decided to found an expert commission to analyze the role and future of the BStU.^[14]

See also

• Central Registry of State Judicial Administrations, a West German registry to verify East German human rights violations from 1961 until 1992

References

External links

• Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records

Coordinates: 52°31′32.74″N 13°24′48.78″E / 52.5257611°N 13.4135500°E / 52.5257611; 13.4135500