Trumpington

Trumpington
Trumpington War Memorial
Trumpington
Trumpington shown within Cambridgeshire
Population	8,034 (ward, 2011 Census)
OS grid reference	TL442549
District	Cambridge
Shire county	Cambridgeshire
Region	East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	Cambridge
Postcode district	CB2
Dialling code	01223
Police	Cambridgeshire
Fire	Cambridgeshire
Ambulance	East of England
EU Parliament	East of England
UK Parliament	Cambridge

Trumpington is a village and former civil parish on the outskirts of Cambridge, England, on the southwest side of the city bordering Cherry Hinton to the east, Grantchester to the west and Great Shelford and Little Shelford to the southeast. The village is an electoral ward of the City of Cambridge. The 2011 Census recorded the ward's population as 8,034.^[1]

The village was a separate parish from the Anglo-Saxon era until the 20th century. In 1912 all of the land north of Long Road was transferred to Cambridge, and in 1934 most of the remaining land, including all of the village, was also given over to Cambridge. Only 382 acres (155 ha), almost uninhabited, were transferred to Haslingfield parish.^[2] The present Trumpington ward of Cambridge City Council also incorporates the Newtown area of the city, north of the historic parish boundary.

Archaeology

There is evidence of Iron Age and Roman settlements in Trumpington, near the River Cam ford by the road to Grantchester, and a Roman cemetery. An Anglo-Saxon cemetery has also been found nearby at Dam Hill.^[2]

Trumpington bed burial

In 2012 archaeologists working on the Trumpington Meadows site discovered a 7th-century Anglo-Saxon bed burial for a young woman aged about 16 years old, in a field on the outskirts of the village. The occupant of the grave had been buried on a wooden bed, and had an ornate gold pectoral cross inlaid with garnets on her breast. The jewelled gold cross is very unusual, and can only have belonged to a member of a rich aristocratic family. It is thought that the grave must have been associated with a hitherto unknown Anglo-Saxon settlement near the site, perhaps that of a monastic community.^[3]

History

The Domesday Book of 1086 records a community of 33 peasants. The population had risen to 100 by the late 13th century. The village remained sizeable throughout the Middle Ages and by 1801 there were 494 residents. By the time the parish was dissolved there were about 1,200 inhabitants.^[2] Until the 20th century Trumpington was an agricultural village with cattle and sheep as well as crops.^[4]

Maris Lane, Trumpington

Trumpington's association with agriculture was extended in 1955, when the Plant Breeding Institute (PBI) – founded in 1912 as part of the University of Cambridge's School of Agriculture – moved to the Anstey Hall site adjoining Maris Lane in Trumpington. Here the PBI developed new plants, notably potatoes called Maris Piper and Maris Peer, a barley called Maris Otter, and a wheat called Maris Widgeon. These are now in use worldwide. In 1990 the PBI moved to Colney, near Norwich, but the reference to the Maris Lane site survives in the names of plants.

Anstey Hall

Anstey Hall is a former country house built c.1700 within its own parkland. Once owned by writer and poet Christopher Anstey and later by the polymath Robert Leslie Ellis, it was leased to the PBI for many years. It is now used for weddings, parties, corporate events and meetings.

The Trumpington War Memorial was designed and carved by Eric Gill, who also designed and carved the crocodile ^[5] on the wall of the Cavendish Laboratory. The memorial was dedicated on Sunday 11 December 1921 to commemorate 36 Trumpington men who died in the First World War. The Second World War claimed eight more local men; their names were added by David Kindersley, a pupil of Gill.

Trumpington Fair

In 1314, the lord of the manor, Giles of Trumpington, was given permission to hold a three-day fair on the feast of St Peter's Chains (August 1). The feast was still held in the 19th century though was transferred to June 28–30, and became known for the rowdiness and drunkenness of its many visitors. It was reduced to only one day (June 29) in 1882 and was still held in the 1930s.^[2]

Parish church

Parish church of SS Mary and Michael

The earliest parts of the Church of England parish church of Saints Mary and Michael are late 12th- or early 13th-century. The chancel was rebuilt late in the 13th century. The rest of the church, including the nave, clerestory, aisles, chapels, porches and upper part of the tower was rebuilt about 1330.^[2] The church was restored several times in the 19th century, notably in 1858 and 1876–77 under the direction of the Gothic Revival architect William Butterfield. The church is a Grade I listed building.^[6]

The church is the resting place of Henry Fawcett, the blind academic and politician who, as Postmaster General (1880–84), introduced parcel post, postal orders and other innovations. The primary school is named Fawcett School after him. The church also contains the monumental brass of Sir Roger de Trumpington, a crusader knight bearing the date 1289; it is said to be the second oldest brass in England.^[7]

The west tower has a ring of eight bells, all cast and hung in 1957 by John Taylor & Co of Loughborough. The church has also a sanctus bell cast at Bury St Edmunds in about 1450.^[8]

"Southern Fringe" developments

Cambridge City Council's 2006 Local Plan provided for the release of an extensive area of Green Belt land around Trumpington for new housing and associated community facilities. Major new developments are being constructed on the Glebe Farm and Clay Farm sites to the south and east of the village, and on Trumpington Meadows to the southwest.

Cultural references

• Geoffrey Chaucer's The Reeve's Tale is set in the village, and a water mill on the River Cam is mentioned in it. The location of the mill is believed to be Old Mill Holt on the river to the southwest of the village.^[2]
• The 19th-century novelist G. A. Henty, was born in Trumpington.
• The BBC journalist Bridget Kendall grew up in Trumpington and attended Perse School for Girls.
• Pink Floyd's lead singer and guitarist, David Gilmour, lived in Trumpington in his early childhood.
• In the "Matthew Bartholomew" series of novels by Susanna Gregory, Trumpington is the location of the Manor House belonging to Matthew's sister and husband.
• Trumpington residents is referred to in Rupert Brooke 's poem The Old Vicarage, Grantchester, written in 1912 - "...they fling oaths at one, / And worse than oaths at Trumpington."

References

Sources and further reading

• Pevsner, Nikolaus (1970) [1954]. Cambridgeshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 472–475. ISBN 0-14-071010-8. 
• Wright, APM, ed. (1982). A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely. Victoria County History. VIII. London: Institute of Historical Research. pp. 248–267. 

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trumpington.

• Trumpington Residents' Association
• Trumpington Local History Group