Tepehuán language

Tepehuán
O'otham
Native to Mexico
Region Chihuahua, Durango
Ethnicity Tepehuán
Native speakers
 36,000 (2010 census)[1]
Dialects
Language codes
ISO 639-3 Variously:
ntp – Northern Tepehuán
stp – Southeastern Tepehuán
tla – Southwestern Tepehuán
tep – Tepecano
Glottolog tepe1281[2]

Tepehuán (Tepehuano) is the name of three closely related languages of the Piman branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family, both spoken in northern Mexico. The language is called O'otham by its speakers.

Northern Tepehuán

Northern Tepehuán is spoken by about 8,000 Tepehuán people (2005 census)[3] in the south of the state of Chihuahua and north of Durango.

Southern Tepehuán

Southern Tepehuán is divided into the southeastern and southwestern group.

The extinct Tepecano language appears to have been a variety of Southern Tepehuán.

Media

Tepehuán-language programming is carried by the CDI's radio stations XEJMN-AM, broadcasting from Jesús María, Nayarit, and XETAR, based in Guachochi, Chihuahua.

Morphology

Tepehuán is an agglutinative language, in which words use suffix complexes for a variety of purposes with several morphemes strung together.

Phonology

The following is representative of the Northern dialect of Tepehuan

Northern Tepehuan has 6 vowels and 3 common diphthongs.

Vowels Front Central Back
High i [i̠] ɨ [ɨ] u [u]
Mid ʌ [ʌ] o [o]
Low a [ä]
IPA chart of Northern Tepehuan consonants
Bilabial Labio-
dental		 Alveolar Palatal Velar Labialized Uvular Glottal
Stop p [p] b [b] t [t] d [d] T [tʲ] D [dʲ] c/qu [k] g [g] ['] [ʔ]
Nasal m [m] n [n] ñ [ɲ] ng [ŋ]
Flap r [ɾ]
Fricative v [v] s [s] š [ʃ] j [χ]
Affricate ch [tɕ]
Approximant u [w]
Lateral l [l]

Sample Tepehuan Text

Northern Tepehuan:

Gʌrooga aapipʌsmaacʌdʌ
tʌvaagɨʌrʌ daja, aatʌmʌ
ipʌlidɨ ɨʌoodami
gʌšiia duutuadagɨ.
Vai otoma aʌna
istuigaco gatʌaanʌda
agai aapi ʌʌgɨ tami
oidigɨ daama.
Vaidʌ ʌpʌduuna
pʌštumaasɨ aapɨ ipʌlidi
tami oidigi daama
poduucai isduucai
ʌpʌvueeyi tʌvaagiʌrʌ.
Gʌrsoiñañi tʌtai viaaca
aatʌmʌ cuaadagai
tʌšɨ ʌʌšɨ tʌgito sivɨ
vʌʌtarʌ.
Gʌroigʌldañɨ
gʌrsoimaascamiga
tʌsmaacʌdʌ ivueeyi
poduucai tʌsduucai
oigʌldi aatʌmʌ ʌgai
ismaacʌdʌ šoimaasi
gʌrvuiididi.
Maiti dagito
išʌDiaavora gʌraagiadan
taadacagi isiduñia
aatʌmʌ soimaasi.
Cʌʌ maatʌ aatʌmʌ
isaapi ʌrʌgʌʌ
baitʌc ʌaacamitʌvaagiʌrʌ
dai oidi daama
tomastuigaco,
dai aapi vaamioma viaa
guvucadagaɨ
tomastuigaco istomali
ʌmo ʌmai daɨ
isaliʌšɨ gʌaagai
ɨsvʌʌšɨ oodami gʌsiaa
duutuadagɨ
tomastuigaco.
Our father, which art
in heaven, hallowed be
thy name. Thy kingdom
come. Thy will be done
on earth as it is in
heaven. Give us this
day our daily bread.
And forgive us our
debts, as we forgive
our debtors. And lead
us not into temptation, :but deliver us from
evil. For thine is the
kingdom and the power
and the glory for ever
and ever. Amen.

Southeastern Tepehuan:

Utogga atemo tubaggue :dama Santu sicamoe
uggue ututugaraga
duviana uguiere api
odduna gutuguito
daraga tami dubar
dama tubggue.
Udguaddaga ud macane
schibi ud joigadane
ud seca doada raga
addu cate abemo
joigudu jut jaddune
maitague daguito soy
macire ud niuca
dacane api odduna.
Amen, Jesus.
Our father, which art
in heaven, hallowed be :thy name. Thy kingdom
come. Thy will be done :on earth as it is in
heaven. Give us this
day our daily bread.
And forgive us our
debts, as we forgive
our debtors. And lead
us not into temptation, :but deliver us from
evil. For thine is the :kingdom and the power
and the glory for ever :and ever. Amen.

References

  1. ↑ INALI (2012) México: Lenguas indígenas nacionales
  2. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Tepehuan". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. ↑ http://www.ethnologue.com/language/ntp


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