Bronze Age India

The Bronze Age in the Indian subcontinent begins around 3000 BCE, and in the end gives rise to the Indus Valley Civilization, which had its (mature) period between 2600 BCE and 1900 BCE. It continues into the Rigvedic period, the early part of the Vedic period. It is succeeded by the Iron Age in India, beginning in around 1000 BCE.

South India, by contrast, remains in the Mesolithic stage until about 2500 BCE. In the 2nd millennium BCE, there may have been cultural contact between North and South India, even though South India skips a Bronze Age proper and enters the Iron Age from the Chalcolithic stage directly. In February 2006, a school teacher in the village of Sembian-Kandiyur in Tamil Nadu discovered a stone celt with an inscription estimated to be up to 3,500 years old.[1] [2] Indian epigraphist Iravatham Mahadevan postulated that the writing was in Indus script and called the find "the greatest archaeological discovery of a century in Tamil Nadu".[1] Based on this evidence he goes on to suggest that the language used in the Indus Valley was of Dravidian origin. However, the absence of a Bronze Age in South India, contrasted with the knowledge of bronze making techniques in the Indus Valley cultures, questions the validity of this hypothesis.

Date range Phase Era
3300-2600 Early Harappan (Early Bronze Age) Regionalisation Era
c.4000-2500/2300 BCE (Shaffer)[3]
c.5000-3200 BCE (Coningham & Young)[4]
3300-2800 Harappan 1 (Ravi Phase)
2800-2600 Harappan 2 (Kot Diji Phase, Nausharo I, Mehrgarh and Vinya VII)
2600-1900 Mature Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) Integration Era
2600-2450 Harappan 3A (Nausharo II)
2450-2200 Harappan 3B
2200-1900 Harappan 3C
1900-1300 Late Harappan (Cemetery H); Ochre Coloured Pottery Localisation Era
1900-1700 Harappan 4
1700-1300 Harappan 5

World timeline

Maya civilization Olmec Cultural periods of Peru Chavín culture Cultural periods of Peru Norte Chico civilization Jin dynasty (265–420) Han Dynasty Qin Dynasty Zhou Dynasty Shang Dynasty Erlitou culture Middle kingdoms of India Vedic Period Indus Valley Civilization Ptolemaic Kingdom Late Period of ancient Egypt New Kingdom Middle Kingdom of Egypt First Intermediate Period of Egypt Early Dynastic Period (Egypt) Gerzeh culture History of Iran Assyria Babylon Akkadian Empire Sumer

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Subramaniam, T. S. (May 1, 2006). ""Discovery of a century" in Tamil Nadu". The Hindu. Retrieved 2008-05-21.
  2. ↑ Subramaniam, T. S. (May 1, 2006). "Significance of Mayiladuthurai find". The Hindu. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
  3. ↑ Manuel 2010, p. 149.
  4. ↑ Coningham & Young 2015, p. 145.
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