Sonamarg

Sonmarg
सोनमर्ग
The Meadow of Gold
hill station

Sonmarg towards north
Sonmarg
Sonmarg

Location in Jammu and Kashmir, Republic of India

Coordinates: 34°20′N 75°20′E / 34.33°N 75.33°E / 34.33; 75.33Coordinates: 34°20′N 75°20′E / 34.33°N 75.33°E / 34.33; 75.33
Country  India
State Jammu and Kashmir
District Ganderbal
Elevation 2,800 m (9,200 ft)
Population
 • Total 392
Languages
 • Official Urdu
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 191202
Telephone code +91-1942417-
Vehicle registration JK16

Sonmarg (translation: "Meadow of Gold") is a hill station in Ganderbal district in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

The view of Sonmarg valley also known as the meadow of Gold

Geography

Nallah Sindh at Nilgrar Sonmarg

Sonmarg gives rise to The Three Sisters (Kashmir). In its vicinity lies the great Himalayan glaciers of Kashmir Valley namely Kolhoi Glacier and Machoi Glacier with some peaks of above 5000 meters: Sirbal Peak, Kolhoi Peak, Amarnath Peak and Machoi Peak. Sonmarg an alpine valley is situated at the bank of Nallah Sindh, 87 km north-east from Srinagar, it is a popular tourist destination, nestled within the imposing Himalayan peaks.[1] It lies at an altitude of 2800 metres above sea level. The drive to Sonmarg is through yet another spectacular facet of country side in Kashmir, this time it is the Nallah Sindh, the largest tributary of the Jehlum River in the valley of Kashmir. It is upwards of sixty miles long valley and deep rock-girt gorge to open grassy meadow land and village-dotted slopes.

Demographics

Sonmarg has no permanent settlement and is inaccessible during winter due to heavy snowfall and avalanches. At the 2011 India census,[2] Sonmarg had a population of 392, excluding tourists and those working in the tourism industry. Males constitute 51% and females constitute 49%. These are the permanent residents of Sonmarg though seasonally.

History

Sonmarg had historical significance and was a gateway on ancient Silk Road[3][4] along with Gilgit connecting Kashmir with China and other Gulf countries. The Zojila pass lies 15 kilometers east and is one of the highest passes for road transport. It still is a base camp for Ladakh on NH 1D, and is strategically important for Indian army who holds control over this part of Kashmir.

Weather

Sonmarg is a city with a significant rainfall. Even in the driest month there is a lot of rain. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is Dfb. The average temperature in Sonmarg is 6.5 °C. About 932 mm of precipitation falls annually.

Climate data for Sonmarg
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −5.4
(22.3)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 1.7
(35.1)		 9.3
(48.7)		 17
(63)		 21.7
(71.1)		 24.3
(75.7)		 24.1
(75.4)		 21
(70)		 15
(59)		 7.5
(45.5)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 11.03
(51.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) −8.4
(16.9)		 −7
(19)		 −1.5
(29.3)		 5.6
(42.1)		 11.8
(53.2)		 16.1
(61)		 19.1
(66.4)		 19
(66)		 15.3
(59.5)		 9.1
(48.4)		 2.5
(36.5)		 −4
(25)		 6.47
(43.61)
Average low °C (°F) −11.3
(11.7)		 −10.5
(13.1)		 −4.6
(23.7)		 2
(36)		 6.7
(44.1)		 10.5
(50.9)		 14
(57)		 13.9
(57)		 9.6
(49.3)		 3.3
(37.9)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 −7.5
(18.5)		 1.98
(35.57)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 95
(3.74)		 98
(3.86)		 137
(5.39)		 139
(5.47)		 115
(4.53)		 50
(1.97)		 54
(2.13)		 68
(2.68)		 68
(2.68)		 42
(1.65)		 26
(1.02)		 40
(1.57)		 932
(36.69)
Source: Climate Dat

[5]

Tourism

Sonmarg, which means 'meadow of gold' has, as its backdrop, snowy mountains against a cerulean sky. The Sindh meanders along here and abounds with trout and mahseer, snow trout can be caught in the main river. In late April when Sonmarg is open for road transport, the visitors can have access to snow which is furnished all over like a white carpet. Private vehicles are not allowed. Visitors have to hire taxi and it is controlled by taxi mafia. Ponies can be hired for the trip up to Thajiwas glacier a major attraction during the summer months.

The climate of Sonmarg is very bracing; but the rainfall is frequent though not heavy, except for two or three days at a time in July and August with fine spell in between. From Sonmarg, trekking routes lead to the Himalayan lakes of Vishansar Lake, Krishansar Lake, Gangabal Lake and Gadsar Lake, stocked with Snowtrout and Brown trout[6][7] and Satsar, glacier-fed and surrounded by banks of alpine flowers.

A close by excursion is to Baltal, 15 km East of Sonmarg. This little valley lies at the foot of the Zojila, only a day's journey away from the sacred cave of Amarnath is a base camp for Amarnath yatra. Trekkers can also reach the starkly splendid roof-top of the world Leh, by crossing over the Zoji La pass.

At Sonmarg the Jammu and Kashmir tourism department[8] is organising river rafting tournaments yearly, which has recently seen the participation of teams abroad.[9] A large number of Hindi movies have been pictured in the serene beauties of Sonmarg.

Access

Sonmarg is easily accessible from Srinagar or Srinagar Airport (SXR), the capital of Kashmir, in under 3 hours by car or by bus on NH 1D 87 kilometers which leads along Nallah Sindh a key tourist attraction. Sonmarg is inaccessible during winter due to heavy snowfall and avalanches, NH 1D is closed in December every year, the local traffic is permitted only up to Gagangear village, which is the last permanent settlement of this area. Only the Choppers of Indian army lands at Sonmarg[10] during winter carrying essentials for the army camp, and the army personnels are the only people who stay at Sonmarg during these harsh weather conditions. After Kargil war these high altitude alpine meadows have seen heavy deployment of Indian army.[11] The government has given a green signal to dig a 6 kilometer tunnel at Gagangear and 14 kilometer tunnel at Zojila, which will not only keep Sonmarg open round the year but also the Ladakh, this project is still in papers.[12]

Main attraction of this place is Thajiwas Glacier. Be very careful from the pony & car touts. This will always miss guide you and ask handsome amount to access them. Your travel car will not have access to reach Thajiwas Glacier. You must need to hire either pony or local car to reach there. It is just about 5 minute drive by car. They may be ask you about INR 900 for pony/person or INR 5000 per car . Always negotiate with them. You can easily negotiate them for INR 700 for three point (Thijiwas Glacier, Fish Pond & Sarbal Park). In Thajiwas, you will get the snow but tout will misguide you for not having over there. At last if you want to enjoy snow in Thajiwas Glacier, Hire car for INR2000, I'm sure you will get it over there.

You can hire sledge-cart for INR100-200 and gum shoes for INR50-100 in May (which is peak time for them).

References

  1. ↑ "Sonmarg from Srinagar". kashmironline.net. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  2. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  3. ↑ Knight, E. F. 1893. Where Three Empires Meet: A Narrative of Recent Travel in: Kashmir, Western Tibet, Gilgit, and the adjoining countries. Longmans, Green, and Co., London. Reprint: Ch'eng Wen Publishing Company, Taipei. 1971
  4. ↑ "Sonamarg on Silk Route". silkroutee.com. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  5. ↑ https://en.climate-data.org/location/964583/
  6. ↑ "Sonamarg Vishansar Naranag Trek". KashmirTreks.in. Retrieved 2015-01-26.
  7. ↑ Petr, ed. by T. (1999). Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes : Asia. Rome: FAO. p. 72. ISBN 92-5-104309-4.
  8. ↑ "Sonmarg Development Authority". jktourism.org. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  9. ↑ "International Rafting Championship at Sonmarg". groundreport.com. Retrieved 2012-04-20.
  10. ↑ "2 SDA staff among 9 rescued from Sonmarg". hindustantimes.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  11. ↑ "Army choppers could‘nt land at Sonmarg". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
  12. ↑ "Fate of Zojila tunnel hangs". greaterkashmir.com. Retrieved 2012-04-22.
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