Sombrero

Hats (sombreros) on display at the Museo de Arte Popular in Mexico City.

Sombrero (Spanish for "hat", means "shadower") in English refers to a type of wide-brimmed hat from Mexico, used to shield from the sun. It usually has a high pointed crown, an extra-wide brim (broad enough to cast a shadow over the head, neck and shoulders of the wearer, and slightly upturned at the edge), and a chin string to hold it in place. In Spanish, sombrero refers to any wide-brimmed hat.[1]

Design

Sombreros, like the cowboy hats invented later, were designed in response to the demands of the physical environment. The concept of a broad-brimmed hat worn by a rider on horseback can be seen as far back as the Mongolian horsemen of the 13th century.[2] In hot, sunny climates hats evolved to have wide brims, which provided shade. The exact origin of the Mexican sombrero is unknown, but it's usually accepted that the hat originated with Mestizo cowboys in Central Mexico.[3] Although sombrero is usually taken to refer to the traditional Mexican headwear, the term sombrero predates this item of clothing, and is and has been applied to several differing styles of hat, since it is the actual word for hat in Spanish. Other types of hats known as sombrero can be found in South America and Spain, including the sombrero calañés, sombrero cordobés and sombrero de catite (Spain), sombrero vueltiao (Colombia).

Cultural influence

Mexican female charros in Guadalajara, Jalisco.
Apache chief with sombrero
Pancho Villa wearing a sombrero

Many early Texan cowboys adopted the Spanish and Mexican sombrero with its flat crown and wide, flat brim. Also called the poblano, these hats came from Spain.

The Mexican variation of the sombrero added an even wider brim and a high, conical crown. These are the hats worn by mariachi musicians and charros. Both types of sombreros usually include a barboquejo or chin strap.[1]

In the Western United States, the sombrero had a high conical or cylindrical crown with a saucer-shaped brim, highly embroidered and made of plush felt.[4]

Sombreros are also present in Philippine history, due to the influence from Spain brought about by the Manila galleon trade. The term has been assimilated into the Tagalog language in the form of sumbrero and now refers to any hat – from actual sombreros to baseball caps.[5]

The galaxy Messier 104 is known as the Sombrero Galaxy due to its appearance.[6]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Slatta, Richard W. (1996). The Cowboy Encyclopedia. ISBN 0-393-31473-1.
  2. ↑ Bender, Texan Bix (1994). bowls & the Cowboys Who Wear Them. p. 10. ISBN 1-58685-191-8.
  3. ↑ Bender, Texan Bix. (1994) 11 ISBN 1-58685-191-8
  4. ↑ Carlson, Paul Howard, The Cowboy Way: An Exploration of History and Culture. Pg 102 (2006) ISBN 0-89672-583-9
  5. ↑ "Hat is Sumbrero in Tagalog". Retrieved 2009-05-22.
  6. ↑ "Sombrero Galaxy:Hidden Double in a Hat". Retrieved 2 June 2015.
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