Sombre kingfisher
| Sombre kingfisher | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Sombre kingfisher in a painting by John Gerrard Keulemans | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Coraciiformes |
| Family: | Alcedinidae |
| Subfamily: | Halcyoninae |
| Genus: | Todiramphus |
| Species: | T. funebris |
| Binomial name | |
| Todiramphus funebris Bonaparte, 1850 | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Todirhamphus funebris Bonaparte, 1850 [orth. error] | |
The sombre kingfisher (Todiramphus funebris) is a species of bird in the family Alcedinidae. It is endemic to island of Halmahera, in North Maluku, Indonesia.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical mangrove forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Description
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This is a relatively large kingfisher, measuring up to 28 cm. It has a piebald colouring with white belly and collar, and olive to black upper parts. The beak is dark. Its call is a slow 'ki-ki-ki'; it may also utter series of three loud wails.[1]
Distribution and habitat
The sombre kingfisher occurs only on Halmahera, where it inhabits primary forest (frequently close to clearings), swamp-forest, mature secondary woodland, and mangroves. It may visit cultivated areas such as plantations.[1]
Conservation
The species has been protected under Indonesian law since 1931 and benefits from several protected areas. However, it is currently classified as vulnerable by the IUCN, mostly due to ongoing habitat loss through forest clearance for timber, conversion to agriculture, and other uses.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 BirdLife International (2012). "Todiramphus funebris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013.