Soli I

Carlos Chávez in 1937

Soli I is the first of a series of four works by the Mexican composer Carlos Chávez, each called Soli and each featuring a succession of instrumental solos. Three of these compositions are chamber music, and the remaining one is a sort of concerto grosso for four soloists and orchestra. This first work of the series is a quartet for oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and trumpet.

The Solis belong to the more "experimental", high-modernist strand of Chávez's compositional output, in contrast to the more traditional character of most of the large-ensemble works. This group of works, which also includes the three Inventions (No. 1 for piano, 1958; No. 2 for string trio, 1965; No. 3 for harp, 1967) and the orchestral compositions Resonancias (1964), Elatio (1967), Discovery, Clio (both 1969), and Initium (1973), features an abstract, atonal musical language based on the principle of non-repetition (Parker 1994, 179; Parker 1998, 11). Soli I was Chávez's first attempt at this idea of constant renewal, which avoids traditional techniques of sequence, imitation, development, and structural symmetry in favour of an endlessly unfolding counterpoint (Bauer 2015, 165). In the composer's own words, the objective is one of "constant rebirth, of true derivation: a stream that never comes back to its source; a stream of eternal development, like a spiral, always linked to, and continuing, its original source, but always searching for new and unlimited spaces" (Chávez 1961, 84).

History

Soli I was composed in March 1933 on a commission from the League of Composers, in celebration of their tenth anniversary (García Morillo 1960, 71; Parker 1983, 47). Chávez gave it the title Soli because in each of its four movements one of the instruments assumes a concertante role, playing a main part or "solo", but without relegating its companions to a secondary level of simple accompaniment (García Morillo 1960, 72).

Analysis

Soli I is scored for oboe, clarinet, trumpet, and bassoon. It is in four movements, each of which foregrounds one of the four instruments in the ensemble, and features a distinctive metric character (Hofer 2000, 38–39):

  1. Sciolto e ritmato (changing meters, clarinet)
  2. Moderato (3/4, bassoon)
  3. Molto lento (5/4, oboe)
  4. Vivo (6/8, trumpet)

The clarinet is the featured instrument in the first movement, which is jazzy with polyrhythmic inflections (Chávez 1972). It is in binary form with a transition in the middle (Hofer 2000, 40).

The second movement is in a moderate tempo with the bassoon as soloist. It differs from the first movement in that it maintains a constant 3/4 meter but, like its predecessor, can be analyzed as a binary structure (Hofer 2000, 38, 47).

The oboe takes the foreground in the third movement, which is in a slow 5/4 time ( = 48). The movement is cast in a five parts, set off from one another by the alternating tempo markings molto lento and pochiss. piu mosso but, unlike the first two movements, the motivic writing here avoids repetition in favor of unfolding constantly new ideas (Chávez 1972; Hofer 2000, 38–39, 53.

In the finale, the trumpet unrolls its melody in a constant process of renewal, and with a "very filtered 'Mexican' tint" (Chávez 1972; Hofer 2000, 57). Hemiola, cross-rhythms, and sharp articulations occur within its 6/8 meter, and numerous mute changes in the trumpet produce a constant timbral variety. All of the instruments exploit nearly their entire range, as the rhythms evoke the Huapango and Jarabe dance forms (Hofer 2000, 39).

Discography

References

Further reading

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.