Sinuiju

Sinŭiju 신의주시
Municipal City
transcription(s)
• Chosŏn'gŭl	신의주시
• Hancha	新義州市
• Revised Romanization	Sinuiju-si
• McCune-Reischauer	Sinŭiju-si
A large square in the center of Sinŭiju in August 2012, with a statue of Kim Il-sung.
Motto: The emblem Magnolia.
Map of North Pyongan showing the location of Sinŭiju
Coordinates: 40°06′N 124°24′E / 40.100°N 124.400°E / 40.100; 124.400Coordinates: 40°06′N 124°24′E / 40.100°N 124.400°E / 40.100; 124.400
Country	North Korea
Province	North P'yŏngan
Administrative divisions	49 tong, 9 ri
Area
• Total	180 km2 (70 sq mi)
Population (2006 (est.))
• Total	352,000
• Dialect	P'yŏngan

Sinŭiju ((Korean pronunciation: [ɕi.nɰi.dzu]); Sinŭiju-si) is a city in North Korea which faces Dandong, China across the international border of the Yalu River. It is the capital of North P'yŏngan province. Part of the city is included in the Sinŭiju Special Administrative Region, which was established in 2002 to experiment with introducing a market economy.

Geography

A park near Sino-Korea Friendship Bridge

Sinŭiju is bordered by the Yalu River, and by P'ihyŏn and Ryongch'ŏn counties. The city's altitude is 4 feet, or about one meter, above sea level. There are several islands at the mouth of the Yalu River - Wihwa-do, Rim-do, Ryuch'o-do and Tongryuch'o-do.

Administrative divisions

Sinuiju city is the heart of the Sinuiju Special Administrative Region. The city is currently divided into 49 tong (neighbourhoods) and 9 ri (villages):

History

Developed as a major settlement during the colonial rule at the terminus of a railway bridge across the Yalu (Amrok) River, it is located 7 miles west of Ŭiju, the old city from whose name Sinŭiju (meaning “New Ŭiju”) derives. As an open port, it grew commercially with the logging industry which uses the Yalu River to transport lumber. Additionally, a chemical industry developed after the hydroelectric Sup'ung Dam was built further up the river.

In the course of the Korean War, after being driven from P'yŏngyang, Kim Il Sung and his government temporarily moved its capital to Sinŭiju^[1][2] - although as UNC forces approached, the government again moved - this time to Kanggye.^[2] Also, the city sustained heavy damage from aerial bombardment as part of the U.S. Air Force strategic bombing of North Korea, but the city has since been rebuilt.

Economy

Waterfront on the Yalu River

An important light industry centre in North Korea, Sinŭiju has a plant manufacturing enamelled ironware as well as a textile mill, paper mill and an afforestation factory. Its southwest harbour has a shipyard, although the shipyard's main function is seemingly to dismantle ships for scrap metal and other usable materials rather than building new ships. The area has recycling plants which recycle a wide range of material, including products that are banned for recycling in China.^[3][4][5] The Sinŭiju Cosmetics Factory is located in South Sinŭiju (Namsinŭiju).

Trade with China

A substantial portion of North Korea's international trade, both legal and illegal, passes through Sinuiju and Dandong, across the Yalu River in China.^[6]

Central market

Since 2002, commercial life has been centred on the Chaeha-dong Market.^[7] Based on a satellite image taken on 30 October 2012, the market has been destroyed and is being made into a new park.^[7]

Transportation

Sinŭiju Ch'ŏngnyŏn Railway Station

Sinŭiju can be reached from P'yŏngyang by air, railway and road. It can been reached from Dandong in China by crossing the Yalu River by bridge or boat. Foreign tourists on excursion boats from Dandong are sometimes permitted to approach within a few meters of the city's coastline, as long as they do not land.^[8]

Air

Sinŭiju's airport has a single turf runway 03/21 measuring 3,250 by 213 feet (991 by 65 metres).^[9] Air Koryŏ operates passenger and cargo flights from P'yŏngyang.

Rail

Sinŭiju Ch'ŏngnyŏn Station is the northern terminus of the Korean State Railway's P'yŏngŭi Line from P'yŏngyang; the district is also served by several other stations on the P'yŏngŭi line, as well as the Tŏkhyŏn and Paengma lines. It is also connected with the Chinese city of Dandong in Liaoning Province (China) by the Sino-Korean Friendship Bridge, which is 944 m (3,097 ft) long from end to end, and through the Manchuria Railway links up with the Trans-Siberian railway.

Climate

Sinŭiju has a monsoonal humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa) with hot, humid and stormy summers and cold, dry winters with little snowfall.

Places of interest

Facilities in Sinŭiju include Sinŭiju High School, Sinŭiju Commercial High School, Eastern Middle School, Sinŭiju Light Industry University, Sinŭiju University of Medicine and the Sinuiju University of Education. Scenic sites include the Tonggun Pavilion, Waterfall, and Hot Springs.

Ferris wheel in Sinuiju

There also is a Ferris wheel overlooking the Yalu River, reportedly broken.^[13]

See also

• List of cities in North Korea
• Geography of North Korea
• Sinuiju Incident
• Sinuiju North Korean Leader's Residence

Notes

References

Further reading

• Cathcart, Adam, and Charles Kraus, “Peripheral Influence: The Sinŭiju Student Incident of 1945 and the Impact of Soviet Occupation in North Korea,” Journal of Korean Studies, Vol. 13 (2008), pp. 1–28.
• Dormels, Rainer. North Korea's Cities: Industrial facilities, internal structures and typification. Jimoondang, 2014. ISBN 978-89-6297-167-5

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sinuiju.

• City profile of Sinuiju
• North Korea Uncovered, (North Korea Google Earth) see a mapping of Sinuiju's main infrastructure, power lines, railroad, detention center, and Kim Jong Il residence, plus a whole lot more.
• (Trip-city.com: Sinuiju)