Siege of Kandahar (1605–06)

Siege of Kandahar

Date	1605–1606
Location	Kandahar, Afghanistan
Result	Mughal victory

Belligerents

Safavid Empire

Mughal Empire

Commanders and leaders

Hosayn Khan

Šāh Beg Khan

The Siege of Kandahar lasted from 1605 to 1606.

Background

The Mughals had obtained the city of Kandahar in 1595, after the Mughal army advanced to the city's governor, Moẓaffar-Ḥosayn Mirzā, and negotiated with him a surrender.^[1] The Safavid ruler, Shah Abbas, was shocked by the loss of the important fortress but as main Iranian concerns lay with the equally powerful Ottomans at their westernmost territories, he abstained from military action, preferring to negotiate a settlement.

Battle

When Emperor Akbar died on October 27, 1605, the Safavid governor of Herat, Hosayn Khan, moved to recapture the city on behalf of the Safavids while the Mughals were distracted from other matters.^[1] The city, defended by governor Šāh Beg Khan, held out the Safavid siege until the next year when the new Emperor, Jahangir, sent an army that lifted the siege.

Aftermath

Abbas repudiated Hosayn's actions in a letter to Jahangir, and both sides reestablished normal relations,^[1] though Kandahar would remain a controversial affair between both parties.^[1]

Notes

1 2 3 4 Iranica 2011

Sources

"KANDAHAR iv. From The Mongol Invasion Through the Safavid Era". Encyclopædia Iranica. Retrieved 13 October 2011.

Mughal Empire
Emperors	Babur Humayun Akbar Jahangir Shah Jahan Aurangzeb (Alamgir) Muhammad Azam Shah Bahadur Shah I Jahandar Shah Farrukhsiyar Rafi ud-Darajat Shah Jahan II Muhammad Shah Ahmad Shah Bahadur Alamgir II Shah Jahan III Shah Alam II Akbar II Bahadur Shah II
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Adversaries	Ibrahim Lodi Rana Sanga Sher Shah Suri Hemu Maharana Pratap Malik Ambar Gokula Pratapaditya Shivaji Lachit Borphukan Khushal Khattak Sir Josiah Child Guru Gobind Singh Henry Every Bajirao I Nader Shah Hector Munro
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Successor states	Maratha Empire Rajput states Jats Sikh Empire Nawabs of Bengal Awadh Nizam of Hyderabad Carnatic Kingdom of Mysore Rohilkhand

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