Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge

Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge
Chinese 上海长江隧桥

The Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge is the collective name given to the bridge–tunnel complex across the south fork of the Yangtze River near the river mouth in Shanghai. The tunnel connects the Pudong District of Shanghai on the south bank of the river with Changxing Island, while the bridge connects Changxing Island with Chongming Island. In combination with the Chongqi Bridge (opened in December 2011), which connects Chongming Island to the north bank of the Yangtze, the bridge–tunnel complex forms the final crossing of the Yangtze before it empties into the East China Sea.

The bridge and tunnel were built from 2005 to 2009 at a cost of 12.6 billion yuan (US$1.84 billion),[1] and opened on 31 October 2009.[1][2] Their combined length is 25.5 km (15.8 mi), forming part of the G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway.

Tunnel

Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel

Entrance to the tunnel
Overview
Location Shanghai
Coordinates 31°20′26″N 121°41′38″E / 31.340589°N 121.693813°E / 31.340589; 121.693813
Start Wuhaogou, Pudong
End Changxing Island
Operation
Constructed 2005 - 2009
Opened 31 October 2009 (2009-10-31)
Technical
Length 8.9 kilometres (5.5 mi)
No. of lanes 2 x 3

The Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel starts on the south bank of the Yangtze at Wuhaogou, Pudong and ends in the south of Changxing Island. It is 8.9 kilometres (5.5 mi) in length,[1] and has two stacked levels. The upper level is for a motorway, and has three lanes in each direction, with a designed speed of 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). The lower level is reserved for a future Shanghai Metro line, line 19.

The tunnelling was completed using four tunnel boring machines, the largest of which was 15.43 metres (50.6 ft) in diameter,[3] 135 metres (443 ft) long, and weighed 2,300t.

Bridge

Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge
上海长江大桥
Coordinates 31°26′05″N 121°44′40″E / 31.43481°N 121.74431°E / 31.43481; 121.74431Coordinates: 31°26′05″N 121°44′40″E / 31.43481°N 121.74431°E / 31.43481; 121.74431
Crosses Yangtze River between Changxing and Chongming islands
Locale Shanghai
China
Characteristics
Design Cable-stayed bridge with viaducts
Total length 16,500 m (54,134 ft)
(including approaches)
Width 35.3 m (116 ft)
Height 209 m (686 ft)
Longest span 730 m (2,395 ft)
No. of spans 1 cable-stayed span
2 viaducts
History
Construction end 23 Oct 2009
Opened 31 Oct 2009

The Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge starts at the tunnel exit, crosses Changxing Island at ground level, then crosses to Chongming Island, ending at Chenjia Town.

It consists of two long viaducts with a higher cable-stayed section in the middle to allow the passage of ships. The total length is 16.63 kilometres (10.33 mi), of which 6.66 kilometres (4.14 mi) is road and 9.97 kilometres (6.20 mi) bridge. The overall shape of the bridge is not linear but slightly sigmoid ("S" shaped).

The central cable-stayed span is about 730 metres (2,395 ft), the longest span of any bridge in Shanghai, and the tenth longest cable-stayed span in the world.[4] The span arrangement is 92+258+730+258+72 m.[5]

The bridge has three road lanes in each direction, with a designed speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph). Room on both flanks of the bridge is reserved for a future metro line, line 19, so total deck width is 35.3 m (115.8 ft).[5]

The bridge under construction, 2008

See also

References


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