77th United States Congress

77th United States Congress
76th 
 78th

January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943
Senate President John N. Garner (D)
until January 20, 1941
Henry A. Wallace (D)
from January 20, 1941
Senate Pres. pro tem Pat Harrison (D)
until June 22, 1941)
Carter Glass (D)
from July 11, 1941
House Speaker Sam Rayburn (D)
Members 96 Senators
435 Representatives
4 Non-voting members
Senate Majority Democratic
House Majority Democratic
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1941 – January 2, 1942
2nd: January 5, 1942 – December 16, 1942

The Seventy-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1941, to January 3, 1943, during the ninth and tenth years of Franklin Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.

This was the first Congress to have more than one Senate President (the Vice President of the United States), John Garner and Henry Wallace, due to the passage of the 20th amendment in 1933.

President Franklin Roosevelt signing the Lend-Lease Act, March 11, 1941.
President Roosevelt delivering the "Infamy Speech" to Congress, requesting a declaration of war, December 8, 1941. Behind him are Vice President Henry Wallace (left) and House Speaker Sam Rayburn. To the right, in uniform in front of Rayburn, is Roosevelt's son James, who escorted his father to the Capitol.
President Roosevelt signing the declaration of war against Japan, December 8, 1941

Major events

Major legislation and resolutions

Select committees

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Democratic) leadership

Minority (Republican) leadership

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)
Farmer-Labor
(FL)
Progressive
(P)
Republican
(R)
Independent
(I)
End of the previous congress 68 1 1 25 1 96 0
Begin 66 0 1 28 1 96 0
End 64 30
Final voting share 66.7% 0.0% 1.0% 31.3% 1.0%
Beginning of the next congress 58 0 1 36 0 95 1

House of Representatives

Total 435

Members

Senate

Senators are elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1942; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1944; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1946.

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

House of Representatives

Alabama

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting members

House seats by party holding plurality in state
  80+% to 100% Democratic
  80+% to 100% Republican
  60+% to 80% Democratic
  60+% to 80% Republican
  Up to 60% Democratic
  Up to 60% Republican

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate


State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
West Virginia
(2)
Matthew M. Neely (D) Resigned January 12, 1941, after being elected Governor of West Virginia.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently lost. In addition, successor took oath of office after the Senate resolved a challenge to the appointment.
Joseph Rosier (D) January 13, 1941
Arkansas
(2)
John E. Miller (D) Resigned March 31, 1941, after being appointed judge for the US District Court for the Western District of Arkansas.
Successor was appointed to finish the term.
G. Lloyd Spencer (D) April 1, 1941
Texas
(2)
Morris Sheppard (D) Died April 9, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.
Andrew Jackson Houston (D) April 21, 1941
Mississippi
(2)
Pat Harrison (D) Died June 22, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.
James Eastland (D) June 30, 1941
Texas
(2)
Andrew Jackson Houston (D) Died June 26, 1941.
Successor was elected to finish term.
W. Lee O'Daniel (D) June 28, 1941
South Carolina
(2)
James F. Byrnes (D) Resigned July 17, 1941, after being appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.
Alva M. Lumpkin (D) July 22, 1941
South Carolina
(2)
Alva M. Lumpkin (D) Died August 1, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until a special election.
Roger C. Peace (D) August 5, 1941
Mississippi
(2)
James Eastland (D) Appointee did not seek election to finish term.
Successor was elected September 28, 1941, to finish term.
Wall Doxey (D) September 29, 1941
South Carolina
(2)
Roger C. Peace (D) Appointee did not seek election to finish term.
Successor was elected November 4, 1941, to finish term.
Burnet R. Maybank (D) November 5, 1941
Colorado
(3)
Alva B. Adams (D) Died December 1, 1941.
Successor was appointed to serve until the November 3, 1942, special election, which he won.
Eugene Millikin (R) December 20, 1941
West Virginia
(2)
Joseph Rosier (D) Appointee lost election November 17, 1942, to finish the term.
Successor was elected to finish term.
Hugh Shott (R) November 18, 1942
Nevada
(1)
Berkeley L. Bunker (D) Appointee lost election December 7, 1942, to finish the term.
Successor was elected to finish term.
James G. Scrugham (D) December 7, 1942

House of Representatives


District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date successor
seated
Oklahoma 7th Sam C. Massingale (D) Died January 17, 1941 Victor Wickersham (D) April 1, 1941
New York 17th Kenneth F. Simpson (R) Died January 25, 1941 Joseph C. Baldwin (R) March 11, 1941
Alabama 7th Walter W. Bankhead (D) Resigned February 1, 1941 Carter Manasco (D) June 24, 1941
Maryland 6th William D. Byron (D) Died February 27, 1941 Katharine Byron (D) May 27, 1941
Virginia 2nd Colgate Darden (D) Resigned March 1, 1941, to run for Governor of Virginia Winder R. Harris (D) April 8, 1941
New York 42nd Pius L. Schwert (D) Died March 11, 1941 John C. Butler (R) April 22, 1941
North Carolina 5th Alonzo D. Folger (D) Died April 30, 1941 John H. Folger (D) June 14, 1941
New York 14th Morris M. Edelstein (D) Died June 4, 1941 Arthur G. Klein (D) July 29, 1941
Wisconsin 1st Stephen Bolles (R) Died July 8, 1941 Lawrence H. Smith (R) August 29, 1941
Pennsylvania 15th Albert G. Rutherford (R) Died August 10, 1941 Wilson D. Gillette (R) November 4, 1941
Colorado 4th Edward T. Taylor (D) Died September 3, 1941 Robert F. Rockwell (R) December 9, 1941
Mississippi 2nd Wall Doxey (D) Resigned September 28, 1941, after being elected to the US Senate Jamie L. Whitten (D) November 4, 1941
California 17th Lee E. Geyer (D) Died October 11, 1941 Cecil R. King (D) August 25, 1942
Massachusetts 7th Lawrence J. Connery (D) Died October 19, 1941 Thomas J. Lane (D) December 30, 1941
Connecticut 5th J. Joseph Smith (D) Resigned November 4, 1941, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut Joseph E. Talbot (R) January 20, 1942
Pennsylvania 12th J. Harold Flannery (D) Resigned January 3, 1942, after becoming judge of common pleas for Luzerne County, PA Thomas B. Miller (R) May 19, 1942
Pennsylvania 33rd Joseph A. McArdle (D) Resigned January 5, 1942, after being elected to the Pittsburgh City Council Elmer J. Holland (D) May 19, 1942
Pennsylvania 11th Patrick J. Boland (D) Died May 18, 1942 Veronica G. Boland (D) November 3, 1942
Washington 5th Arthur D. Healey (D) Resigned August 1, 1942, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington Vacant until the next Congress
Massachusetts 8th Charles H. Leavy (D) Resigned August 3, 1942, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts Vacant until the next Congress
Ohio 15th Robert T. Secrest (D) Resigned August 3, 1942, after accepting a commission in the U.S. Navy Vacant until the next Congress
Ohio 13th Albert D. Baumhart, Jr. (R) Resigned September 2, 1942, after accepting a commission in the U.S. Navy Vacant until the next Congress
Iowa 9th Vincent F. Harrington (D) Resigned September 5, 1942, after accepting a commission as major in the United States Army Harry E. Narey (R) November 3, 1942
California 3rd Frank H. Buck (D) Died September 17, 1942 Vacant until the next Congress
Maryland 2nd William Purington Cole, Jr. (D) Resigned October 26, 1942, after being appointed judge for the U.S. Customs Court Vacant until the next Congress
Pennsylvania 25th Charles I. Faddis (D) Resigned December 4, 1942, to enter the US Army Vacant until the next Congress
Illinois 4th Harry P. Beam (D) Resigned December 6, 1942, after being elected judge for the municipal court of Chicago Vacant until the next Congress
Illinois 6th A. F. Maciejewski (D) Resigned December 6, 1942 Vacant until the next Congress
Missouri 6th Philip A. Bennett (R) Died December 7, 1942 Vacant until the next Congress
Nevada At-large James G. Scrugham (D) Resigned December 7, 1942, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant until the next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Employees

Senate

House

See also

References

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