Schizachyrium

Bluestems
Schizachyrium tenerum
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Andropogonodae
Tribe: Andropogoneae
Subtribe: Andropogoninae
Genus: Schizachyrium
Nees[1]
Type species
Schizachyrium brevifolium
(Sw.) Nees ex Buse.
Synonyms[2][3]
  • Andropogon sect. Schizachyrium (Nees) Benth.
  • Andropogon subgen. Schizachyrium (Nees) Hack.
  • Schizopogon Rchb. ex Spreng.
  • Apogonia E.Fourn.
  • Ystia Compère

Schizachyrium is a widespread genus of plants in the grass family.[4] The name is derived from the Greek words σχίζειν (schizein), meaning "to split," and ἄχυρον (achyron), meaning "chaff." It refers to either the glume or the toothed lemmas.[5][6][7]

In the United States, members of the genus are commonly known as bluestems.[8]

Species[2][9]
  1. Schizachyrium beckii Killeen - Bolivia
  2. Schizachyrium bemarivense A.Camus - Madagascar
  3. Schizachyrium brevifolium (Sw.) Nees ex Buse – Serillo dulce - widespread in tropics
  4. Schizachyrium cirratum (Hack.) Wooton & Standl. - USA (AZ NM TX), Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador
  5. Schizachyrium claudopus (Chiov.) Chiov - Tanzania, Zaïre, Zambia
  6. Schizachyrium condensatum (Kunth) Nees – Colombian bluestem - West Indies, Latin America from central Mexico to Uruguay
  7. Schizachyrium crinizonatum S.T.Blake - Australia
  8. Schizachyrium cubense (Hack.) Nash - Cuba
  9. Schizachyrium delavayi (Hack.) Bor - China, Himalayas
  10. Schizachyrium delicatum Stapf - tropical Africa
  11. Schizachyrium djalonicum Jacq.-Fél. - Guinea to Sierra Leone
  12. Schizachyrium dolosum S.T.Blake - Northern Territory, Queensland
  13. Schizachyrium exile (Hochst.) Pilg. - tropical + southern Africa; Indian Subcontinent, Myanmar
  14. Schizachyrium fragile (R.Br.) A.Camus - southern China, Vietnam, Java, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Micronesia
  15. Schizachyrium gaumeri Nash - Yucatán Peninsula, Chiapas
  16. Schizachyrium gracile (Spreng.) Nash - West Indies, Guatemala, Chiapas, Florida
  17. Schizachyrium gracilipes (Hack.) A.Camus - southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, northeastern Argentina
  18. Schizachyrium gresicola Jacq.-Fél - Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Nigeria
  19. Schizachyrium hatschbachii Peichoto - Brazil, northern Argentina
  20. Schizachyrium impressum (Hack.) A.Camus - Jammu & Kashmir
  21. Schizachyrium jeffreysii (Hack.) Stapf - Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, Limpopo, Mpumalanga
  22. Schizachyrium kwiluense Vanderyst ex Robyns - Zaïre, Congo Republic
  23. Schizachyrium lomaense A.Camus - Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast
  24. Schizachyrium lopollense (Rendle) Sales- Angola, Zambia, Mozambique
  25. Schizachyrium maclaudii (Jacq.-Fél.) S.T.Blake - West Africa
  26. Schizachyrium malacostachyum (J.Presl) Nash - Mesoamerica, Colombia, West Indies
  27. Schizachyrium maritimum (Chapm.) Nash – Gulf bluestem - USA (LA MS AL FL)
  28. Schizachyrium mexicanum (Hitchc.) A.Camus - Mexico
  29. Schizachyrium mitchellianum B.K.Simon - Western Australia
  30. Schizachyrium muelleri Nash - Veracruz
  31. Schizachyrium mukuluense Vanderyst - Zaïre
  32. Schizachyrium multinervosum Nash - Cuba
  33. Schizachyrium niveum (Swallen) Gould – Pinescrub bluestem - Florida, Georgia
  34. Schizachyrium nodulosum (Hack.) Stapf - western + central Africa
  35. Schizachyrium occultum S.T.Blake - Northern Territory, Queensland
  36. Schizachyrium pachyarthron C.A.Gardner - Australia
  37. Schizachyrium parvifolium (Hitchc.) Borhidi & Catasús - Cuba
  38. Schizachyrium penicillatum Jacq.-Fél - Burkina Faso, Guinea, Sierra Leone
  39. Schizachyrium perplexum S.T.Blake - Northern Territory, Queensland
  40. Schizachyrium platyphyllum (Franch.) Stapf - Africa, Madagascar
  41. Schizachyrium pseudeulalia (Hosok.) S.T.Blake - Flores, Maluku, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea, northern Australia, Caroline Is
  42. Schizachyrium pulchellum (D.Don ex Benth.) Stapf - tropical Africa
  43. Schizachyrium radicosum Jacq.-Fél - Guinea
  44. Schizachyrium reedii (Hitchc. & Ekman) Borhidi & Catasús - Cuba
  45. Schizachyrium rhizomatum (Swallen) Gould – Florida little bluestem - Florida
  46. Schizachyrium ruderale Clayton - western Africa
  47. Schizachyrium rupestre (K.Schum.) Stapf - tropical Africa, KwaZulu-Natal
  48. Schizachyrium salzmannii (Trin. ex Steud.) Nash - Mexico, Honduras, Lesser Antilles, South America
  49. Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston – Crimson bluestem - tropical Africa, tropical Asia, New Guinea, Latin America, West Indies, USA (AZ NM TX FL GA AL)
  50. Schizachyrium scabriflorum (Rupr. ex Hack.) A.Camus - Bolivia, Paraguay, northern Argentina, southern Brazil
  51. Schizachyrium schweinfurthii (Hack.) Stapf - tropical Africa
  52. Schizachyrium scintillans Stapf - tropical Africa
  53. Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash – Little bluestem - widespread in Canada + USA + Mexico
  54. Schizachyrium semitectum (Swallen) Reeder - Mexico, Guatemala
  55. Schizachyrium spicatum (Spreng.) Herter - Uruguay, Paraguay, northern Argentina, southern Brazil
  56. Schizachyrium stoloniferum Nash - USA (MS AL GA FL NC SC)
  57. Schizachyrium sulcatum (Ekman) S.T.Blake - Colombia, Bolivia, western Brazil
  58. Schizachyrium tenerum Nees – Slender bluestem - USA (OK TX LA MS AL FL GA NC)
  59. Schizachyrium thollonii (Franch.) Stapf - tropical Africa
  60. Schizachyrium urceolatum (Hack.) Stapf - tropical Africa
  61. Schizachyrium yangambiense Germ. - Zaïre
formerly included[2]

now considered better suited to other genera: Andropogon Dichanthium Rottboellia Sehima Sphaerocaryum

References

  1. ↑ "Genus: Schizachyrium Nees". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1999-03-09. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  2. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ↑ Tropicos, Schizachyrium Nees
  4. ↑ Nees von Esenbeck, Christian Gottfried Daniel. 1829. Flora Brasiliensis seu Enumeratio Plantarum 2(1): 331–339 in Latin
  5. ↑ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2006). CRC World Dictionary of Grasses. Volume III P-Z. CRC Press. p. 1977. ISBN 978-0-8493-1303-5.
  6. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 621 裂稃草属 lie fu cao shu Schizachyrium Nees, Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 331. 1829.
  7. ↑ Flora of Pakistan
  8. ↑ "Schizachyrium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-09-25.
  9. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps

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