Salmaan Taseer

Salman Taseer
سلمان تاثیر
26th Governor of Punjab (Pakistan)
In office
15 May 2008 – 4 January 2011
Preceded by Lt Gen Khalid Maqbool
Succeeded by Sardar Latif Khosa
Personal details
Born (1944-05-31)31 May 1944[1]
Shimla, British Indian Empire,
Died 4 January 2011(2011-01-04) (aged 66)
Islamabad, Pakistan
Nationality Pakistani/British
Political party Pakistan Peoples Party
Spouse(s) Aamna Taseer
Children Shaan Taseer
Shehryar[2]
Shahbaz[2]
Sara
Sanam
Shehrbano[2]
Aatish Taseer
Residence Governor's House (Lahore) (official)
Alma mater Chartered Accountant, from London[3]

Salmaan Taseer (Urdu: سلمان تاثیر‎; 31 May 1944[1][4] – 4 January 2011) was a Pakistani businessman and a liberal politician who served as the 26th Governor of Punjab from 2008 until his assassination in 2011.[5]

Born in Shimla, East Punjab in British India, Taseer studied at the St. Anthony's School and the Government College in Lahore before moving to London where studied accountancy at the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. In 1994, Taseer established a brokerage house backed by the Smith Barney and in 1996 he founded the Worldcall Group. He later in 2000s ventured into media, launching Business Plus and Daily Times.[6]

A member of the Pakistan Peoples Party since the 1980s, he was elected to the Punjab Assembly from Lahore in the 1988 election, however lost in 1990, 1993 and then in 1997. Taseer served as a minister in the caretaker cabinet of Prime Minister Mian Soomro under Pervez Musharraf during the 2008 elections.[7] He was appointed as the governor of Punjab on 15 May 2008, by then-President Musharraf at the request of Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gillani.[8][9] During his governorship, he emerged as an outspoken critic of the Pakistan's blasphemy laws and consequently called for the pardon for Asia Bibi.[10][11]

On 4 January 2011, he was assassinated at the Kohsar Market in Islamabad by his bodyguard, who disagreed with Taseer's opposition to Pakistan's blasphemy law.[12] The Guardian described Taseer's murder as "one of the most traumatic events in recent Pakistani history."[13][14] A nationwide three-day state of mourning was held in Pakistan, Taseer's funeral prayers where held as the Governors House in Lahore.[15] Taseer's son, Shahbaz, was kidnapped by the Pakistani Taliban in 2011, before being released in 2016, a few months afters Taseer's murderer was hanged.[16][17] Taseer's other son, Shaan, is a leading critic of the country's blasphemy law.[18]

Early and personal life

Birth and education

He was born on 31 May 1944, in Simla, East Punjab, British India, to a family of mixed race.[19] being of Kashmiri descent on his father's side[20] and of English descent on his mother's side.[21] His father was Muhammad Din Taseer (M. D. Taseer), who hailed from Ajnala near Amritsar,[22] and was a professor at Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, Amritsar, having obtained his PhD in the United Kingdom. Taseer's mother was Christobel George, a British woman who, upon her wedding, converted to Islam and took the name Bilqis.[21]

Taseer's father died in 1950 at the age of 47, when Taseer was only six years old.[23] Taseer and his two sisters were brought up by their mother in relative poverty, in an environment with very strong Christian and influences, and a general absence of immersion in local Pakistani culture, because his mother kept no contact with the relatives of her late husband.[24]

Taseer attended St. Anthony's School, a school run by Christian missionaries in Lahore, where he was a classmate of Nawaz Sharif.[3] He then obtained a degree in Chartered Accountancy from London.[3]

Marital and extramarital relationships

Taseer was married twice and also had two confirmed extra-marital relationships. With his first wife Yasmeen Sehgal, he had one son, Shaan, and two daughters, Sara and Sanam. His second wife, Aamna Taseer, is chairperson of an investment management company. They have two sons, Shahbaz and Shehryar and a daughter, Shehrbano.

Taseer had a brief extramarital relationship with the Indian journalist Tavleen Singh, a Sikh. Taseer met Singh during a book promotion trip to India in March 1980. Their son, Aatish (born 1980), is a writer and journalist. According to Aatish, the relationship between his parents was an "affair (which) lasted little more than a week."[25] Aatish is a freelance journalist in the UK and has written a book – Stranger to History: A Son’s Journey through Islamic Lands – about his estranged relationship with his biological father.[26][27] Aatish had no contact with his father until well into adulthood.

In the early 1980s, Taseer had a year-long affair with the Bollywood actress Simi Garewal.[28]

Political career

Taseer started his political career in his student era as a member of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in the late 1960s.[29] He was a part of the movement for Bhutto's freedom and opposed his arrest and death sentence.[29] He also wrote a political biography on Bhutto titled Bhutto: A political biography (1980).[29] Taseer was also known to be one of the trusted aides of Bhutto's daughter and political heir, Benazir Bhutto.[3]

In the 1988 general elections, Taseer became a member of the Punjab Assembly from Lahore.[29] In the 1990, 1993 and 1997 general elections, he stood for election to be an MNA but lost.[29] In 2007, he was appointed the interim Federal Minister for Industries, Production and Special Initiatives.[29] On 15 May 2008, Taseer was designated for the office of Governor of Punjab by the PPP-led coalition government.

In December 2010, Taseer was alleged to have left the country for several days without handing over charge to the Punjab Assembly Speaker. This meant that the province was without a constitutional head, and it also rendered the assembly speaker ineligible to preside over sessions. Leaving the province without informing his successor was in violation of the constitution and this led to Punjab Assembly Speaker Rana Muhammad Iqbal sending a letter to Prime Minister Gilani calling for the removal of Salmaan Taseer by the President.[30] Evidence provided by ICAO on the governor's travel abroad led to a case being filed in court for breach of the constitution.[31]

Business career

Taseer set up several chartered accountancy and management consultancy firms early in his career.[32] In 1995, he established the First Capital Securities Corporation (FCSC), a full-service brokerage house with equity participation by Smith Barney, Inc., USA, and HG Asia Hong Kong.[32]

Taseer founded the Worldcall group with a payphone network in 1996. The group has grown over the years to become a major private-sector telecom operator with a national and regional footprint.[32] A majority stake in Worldcall was acquired in 2008 by Omantel, the Sultanate of Oman's incumbent operator.[33] Taseer also owned an English news channel in Pakistan, Business Plus; and the first children's channel, Wikkid Plus;[32] and was the publisher of the English language Daily Times.[32]

Incarceration

Taseer was kept in solitary confinement for six months and three weeks at the Lahore Fort, where he was shackled to the ground. He did not meet a single person or read a book or newspaper during his incarceration and emerged 40 pounds lighter than when he had gone in.

Taseer was arrested 16 times and placed under house arrest several times in jails around Faisalabad, Jhang and Lahore.[34]

Death

In an interview with Meher Bukhari on Samaa TV, Taseer commented on his view about the country's blasphemy law and on filing a mercy petition for Asia Bibi, who was sentenced to death by a court under the law.[35]

On 4 January 2011, one of Taseer's bodyguards, Malik Mumtaz Qadri, shot him 27 times with an AK-47 assault rifle at Kohsar Market,[36] near his home[37] in Sector F6, Islamabad, as he was returning to his car after meeting a friend for lunch. Kohsar Market is a popular shopping and cafe spot for the city's elite and expatriates.[12][38] Eight hours before his assassination, he tweeted an Urdu couplet by Shakeel Badayuni: "My resolve is so strong that I do not fear the flames from without, I fear only the radiance of the flowers, that it might burn my garden down."[39]

The next day, hundreds of people turned up for his funeral in Lahore in spite of denunciations by some Sunni clerics and religious scholars against mourning Taseer.[40][41] Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani and many supporters of the ruling PPP were seen attending the funeral prayer. The funeral prayers were finally led by Allama Afzal Chisti of the Ulema wing of the PPP after the chief cleric of the Badshahi Mosque, who had initially agreed to offer prayers, backed off at the last moment, saying he was going out of town.[42] Taseer was buried at a military cantonment in Lahore.[43]

The assassin Malik Mumtaz Hussain Qadri was from Punjab, and was part of the security detail provided to Taseer by the Elite Police. After the shooting, Qadri threw his weapon down and put his hands up when one of his colleagues aimed at him. He reportedly pleaded to be arrested.[44] After the murder, more than 500 clerics voiced support for the crime and urged a general boycott of Taseer's funeral.[45] Supporters of Mumtaz Qadri blocked police attempting to bring him to the Anti-Terrorism Court in Rawalpindi, and some supporters showered him with rose petals.[46] On 1 October 2011, Qadri was sentenced to death by a Pakistani Anti Terrorist court at Islamabad for murdering Taseer. Qadri was executed on 29 February 2016.[47][48]

Reactions

Domestic
International

Possible repercussions

In the international media, his death was seen as destabilising the already tenuous situation in the country, particularly in the light of resignation of members of the ruling coalition. One local analyst said the death was a "major setback for Pakistan, which is trying to get out of this vicious cycle of violence and worsening economy. [The killing] will certainly weaken the party position in Punjab."[63] It was suggested that the killing was indicative of a "deeper trend" of "religious intolerance" afflicting Pakistan. [64] The son of the late governor, Shahbaz Taseer, who was a witness in Mumtaz Qadri's trial, was kidnapped on 26 August 2011 while he was on his way to work in Lahore, Pakistan.[65] After twelve days of unsuccessful attempts by the Pakistani police to recover him, some news sources reported that Shahbaaz, along with an American aid worker, Dr Warren Weinstein, was held captive by Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan.[66][67] Shahbaz was recovered by security and intelligence forces from Balochistan’s Kuchlak area on 8 March 2016.[68]

Taseer's assassination may dissuade other Pakistani politicians from speaking out against the blasphemy law, according to a former U.S. State Department intelligence analyst with the Middle East Institute in Washington, DC.[69]

Political offices
Preceded by
Jehangir Khan Tareen		 Federal Minister for Industries, Production and Special Initiatives[70]
2007–2008 		Succeeded by
Unknown
Preceded by
Khalid Maqbool		 Governor of Punjab
2008–2011 		Succeeded by
Rana Muhammad Iqbal Khan(Acting)

References

  1. 1 2 "Salmaan Taseer". The Governor House Lahore, Punjab. 29 February 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 "Meet the Governor: Family Life". The Governor House, Lahore, Punjab. 2010. Archived from the original on 10 January 2011. Retrieved January 2011. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Profile of new Punjab Governor". APP. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  4. ↑ Salmaan Taseer: 1946–2011, Daily Times, 5 January 2011
  5. ↑ Maqbool, Aleem (2011-01-05). "Taseer's death exposes fissures in Pakistani society". BBC News. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  6. ↑ "Who were Salmaan Taseer and Mumtaz Qadri?". Daily Pakistan Global. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  7. ↑ "Details of Salmaan Taseer".
  8. ↑ "Salmaan Taseer to be new Punjab governor". Daily Times. 15 May 2008.
  9. ↑ "The day Salman Taseer fell silent". DAWN.COM. 2016-01-04. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  10. ↑ "Taseer to take Aasia’s clemency appeal to president - The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  11. ↑ Boone, Jon; Baloch, Kiyya (2016-10-11). "Asia Bibi blasphemy case to be heard by Pakistan supreme court". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  12. 1 2 Haider, Zeeshan; Georgy, Michael (4 January 2011). "Pakistan's Punjab province governor shot dead". Reuters. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  13. ↑ Boone, Jon (2015-03-12). "Salmaan Taseer murder case harks back to 1929 killing of Hindu publisher". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  14. ↑ Walsh, Declan (2011-01-05). "A divided Pakistan buries Salmaan Taseer and a liberal dream". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  15. ↑ Masood, Salman; Gall, Carlotta (2011-01-04). "Salman Taseer, Punjab Governor, Shot Dead in Islamabad". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  16. ↑ "Salmaan Taseer's killer Mumtaz Qadri executed".
  17. ↑ Khan, M. Ilyas (2016-03-09). "Shahbaz Taseer: Why was murdered Pakistan governor's son released?". BBC News. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  18. ↑ "Fatwa, police case against Shaan Taseer for ‘hate speech’ on Christmas". Retrieved 2017-01-03.
  19. ↑ Basheer, Tariq. "Blog: Salmaan Taseer: the future waits by Tariq Basheer". The Friday Times. Retrieved 23 July 2015. Although born in colonial Simla to prominent Anglo-Indian parents (a Kashmiri father and a British mother), Salmaan Taseer never rolled in millions until he made them himself.
  20. ↑ "‘To Hell Where They Belong’: In conversation with Salmaan Taseer, governor of the Punjab.". Newsweek Pakistan. 4 January 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2012. "Kashmiris in Pakistan are not only in Azad Kashmir, they are spread all over. I am a Kashmiri. There are thousands and thousands of Kashmiris in Gujranwala, Sialkot, Lahore, and there’s huge amounts of sympathy for the Kashmiri cause across Pakistan."
  21. 1 2 "Once upon a time...". The Indian Express. 8 March 2009.
  22. ↑ Usman, Ali (5 January 2010). "Remembering the man: The lesser known side of Salmaan Taseer". The Express Tribune.
  23. ↑ Malik, Muhammad Amin (22 December 2011). "Remembering a Personality". Greater Kashmir.
  24. ↑ "Stephen Sackur Interviews Shehrbano Taseer". BBC. 30 April 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2011.
  25. ↑ A Correspondent Date: 2011-01-06 Place: Mumbai (6 January 2011). "A son in search of his father". Mid-day.com.
  26. ↑ "Present In Our Memory Games". outlookindia.com.
  27. ↑ "Clash of Civilisations?". newslinemagazine.com. July 2009.
  28. ↑ "A Lahore Boy In Delhi | Vrinda Gopinath". Outlookindia.com.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Salman Taseer Profile". Pakistan Herald. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  30. ↑ "Punjab Assembly: Speaker calls to remove Taseer from office". The Express Tribune. 19 December 2010. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
  31. ↑ "The News". The News. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 "Profile of Salman Taseer". Retrieved 28 July 2010.
  33. ↑ "Omantel acquires 65 percent shares of WorldCall". Daily Times. Retrieved 19 April 2008.
  34. ↑ "Incarceration – Meet the Governor". The Governor House Lahore, Punjab. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  35. ↑ Wright, Tom (5 January 2011). "Leading Pakistani Politician Killed". Wall Street Journal.
  36. ↑ "Punjab Governor Salman Taseer assassinated in Islamabad". British Broadcasting Company. 4 January 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  37. ↑ Wergeland, Paal; Auestad, Gunn Evy (4 January 2011). "Pakistansk guvernør drept" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 4 January 2011. Skytingen brøt ut i nærheten av Kohsar, et marked som er populært blant rike pakistanere og utlendinger. Guvernørens hjem ligger i det samme området.
  38. ↑ "Punjab Governor Salman Taseer Assassinated in Islamabad, Pakistan". BBC news. 4 January 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2001. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  39. ↑ Mohammed Hanif (6 January 2011). "How Pakistan responded to Salmaan Taseer's assassination, by Mohammed Hanif, The Guardian, Thursday 6 January 2011". The Guardian.
  40. ↑ Sana Saleem, "Salmaan Taseer: murder in an extremist climate", The Guardian, 5 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
  41. 1 2 Aleem Maqbool and Orla Guerin, "Salman Taseer: Thousands mourn Pakistan governor": "One small religious party, the Jamaat-e-Ahl-e-Sunnat Pakistan, warned that anyone who expressed grief over the assassination could suffer the same fate. 'No Muslim should attend the funeral or even try to pray for Salman Taseer or even express any kind of regret or sympathy over the incident,' the party said in a statement. It said anyone who expressed sympathy over the death of a blasphemer was also committing blasphemy." BBC News South Asia, 5 January 2011. Retrieved 2011-01-07.
  42. ↑ Clerics refuse to lead prayer at Taseer's funeral, Omer Farooq Khan, TNN, 6 January 2011, 01.48 am IST.
  43. 1 2 "Pakistanis bury Punjab governor". Aljazeera. 5 January 2011.
  44. ↑ Pakistan governor's suspected murderer showered with roses, praised by scholars, Babar Dogar, Lahore – The Associated Press, Published Wednesday, 5 January 2011
  45. ↑ R. Upadhyay, Barelvis and Deobandhis: "Birds of the Same Feather". Eurasia Review, courtesy of the South Asia Analysis Group. 28 January 2011.
  46. ↑ "Demonstrators Prevent Court Appearance of Alleged Pakistani Assassin". Voice of America. 6 January 2011.
  47. ↑ "Former Governor of Pakistan's killer punished – A – पाकिस्तान के पूर्व गवर्नर के हत्यारे को सजा-ए-मौत". bhaskar.com.
  48. ↑ "Taseer's killer Mumtaz Qadri hanged". Dawn. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
  49. ↑ "Assassination of Taseer is loss of entire country: Musharraf (Online – International News Network)". Onlinenews.com.pk.
  50. ↑ Syed, Razi (5 January 2011). "Businessmen shocked over killing of Taseer". Daily Times (Pakistan).
  51. ↑ "Leading News Resource of Pakistan". Daily Times. 11 January 2011.
  52. ↑ Taseer’s murder: Religious right heralds the assassin as ‘hero’, The Express Tribune (Pakistan), 6 January 2011.
  53. ↑ Yousafzai, Sami (6 January 2011). "Blasphemy Backlash: Extremists may target other moderate Pakistani leaders in the wake of Punjab governor's killing". Newsweek.
  54. ↑ http://blogs.aljazeera.net/asia/2011/01/11/my-jihad-versus-your-jihad
  55. ↑ "UN, US condemn assassination". nation.com.pk. 5 January 2011.
  56. ↑ "India condemns Taseer killing". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 8 January 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2011.
  57. ↑ "World condemns Taseer’s assassination". The News International. 5 January 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  58. ↑ Staff Report/APP (6 January 2011). "World condemns assassination". Daily Times. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
  59. ↑ "World leaders condemn Taseer’s assassination". dailytimes.com.pk. 5 January 2011.
  60. ↑ Rodham Clinton, Hillary (4 January 2011). "Assassination of Punjab Provincial Governor". U.S. State Department.
  61. ↑ "Chairman Kerry on the Assassination of Salman Taseer". United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  62. ↑ "Pope rebukes Pakistan blasphemy law – Europe". Al Jazeera English.
  63. ↑ Sharif, Farhan. "Governor's Slaying, Rivals Hurt Pakistan's Zardari". Bloomberg.
  64. ↑ "Deadly warning to Pakistan liberals". Al Jazeera. 5 January 2011.
  65. ↑ "Freedom House Alert: Son of Late Pakistani Governor Taseer Kidnapped". August 2011.
  66. ↑ "Shahbaz Taseer in Pak Taliban’s custody: report". September 2011.
  67. ↑ "Taseer’s son, Dr Warren in Taliban custody". September 2011.
  68. ↑ Shah, AFP | Dawn.com | Syed Ali (2016-03-08). "Abducted Shahbaz Taseer rescued from Balochistan after five years". www.dawn.com. Retrieved 2016-03-09.
  69. ↑ Shah, Saeed (2011-01-04). "Top Pakistani official's murder adds to Obama's Afghan woes". McClatchy Newspapers/Miami Herald.
  70. ↑ "NIP News Karachi, December 19". Nip.com.pk.
Political offices
Preceded by
Lt Gen Khalid Maqbool		 Governor of Punjab
2008 - 2011 		Succeeded by
Latif Khosa

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