Rottenburg am Neckar

Rottenburg am Neckar

River Neckar in Rottenburg

Coat of arms
Rottenburg am Neckar
Coordinates: 48°28′38″N 08°56′04″E / 48.47722°N 8.93444°E / 48.47722; 8.93444Coordinates: 48°28′38″N 08°56′04″E / 48.47722°N 8.93444°E / 48.47722; 8.93444
Country Germany
State Baden-Württemberg
Admin. region Tübingen
District Tübingen
Government
 • Lord Mayor Stephan Neher (CDU)
Area
 • Total 142.26 km2 (54.93 sq mi)
Elevation 349 m (1,145 ft)
Population (2015-12-31)[1]
 • Total 43,278
 • Density 300/km2 (790/sq mi)
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes 72101–72108
Dialling codes 07472, 07478, 07457, 07073
Vehicle registration TÜ
Website www.rottenburg.de

 Rottenburg am Neckar  (until 10 July 1964 only Rottenburg) is a medium-sized town in the administrative district (Landkreis) of Tübingen in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It lies about 50 kilometres (31 miles) southwest of the provincial capital Stuttgart and about 12 km (7 mi) southwest of the district town Tübingen. Rottenburg is the second largest city of the district after Tübingen and makes up a secondary centre for the surrounding community. Since 1 May 1972, Rottenburg am Neckar is a district town (Große Kreisstadt). Rottenburg agreed to an administrative collectivity with the municipalities of Hirrlingen, Neustetten and Starzach.

Rottenburg is the seat of a Roman Catholic bishop, being the official centre of the diocese of Rottenburg-Stuttgart. Moreover, it has a college of church music and a university of applied sciences (German Fachhochschule), specialising in forest sciences.

Geography

Rottenburg is divided into a city core and seventeen (suburban) districts.

Suburban districts of Rottenburg: Bad Niedernau, Baisingen, Bieringen, Dettingen, Eckenweiler, Ergenzingen, Frommenhausen, Hailfingen, Hemmendorf, Kiebingen, Obernau, Oberndorf, Schwalldorf, Seebronn, Weiler, Wendelsheim and Wurmlingen.

History

Rottenburg was founded as a Roman town, Sumelocenna, probably around the year AD98, and was one of the most important Roman towns in the southwest of Germany. It had a line of walls built to defend it from the attacks of the Alamanni, who nevertheless destroyed it in 259-260.

The name Rottenburg is thought to derive from a Germanic root that is also present in the English word 'rotten', in an older meaning of 'destroyed'. According to this hypothesis, the town would have received its name when, in the early Middle Ages, Alemannic people founded their settlement in the vicinity of the ruins of Roman Sumelocenna. An alternative etymology of Rottenburg as "red borough" is also considered possible, however.

In the Middle Ages, the town was first governed by the counts of Hohenberg, who, however, were forced to sell it to the Habsburg dynasty in 1381. Rottenburg remained a part of Further Austria until 1805, when it was assigned to Württemberg in the Peace of Pressburg.

Rottenburg became the seat of a Catholic bishop as late as 1821-28, when, after the secularisation and the Napoleonic Wars, a reorganisation of Catholic life in south west Germany had become necessary.[2] It was then decided not to choose the more important nearby places of Stuttgart or Tübingen as a diocesan town, as these were firmly Protestant.

Rottenburg is known among Anabaptists as the place of death for Michael Sattler, a former monk who was involved in missionary activities in the Rottenburg and Horb am Neckar region. Michael Sattler was burned at the stake on "Gallows Hill" on 20 May 1527.

Main sights

Dom St. Martin has been the city's cathedral since 1821. Its tower, dating from 1486, is its most prominent feature.

The Four Evangelists (15th century) on the choir ceiling of Stiftskirche St. Moriz.

Spanning various architectural periods, the Stiftskirche St. Moriz incorporates a Gothic core with elements from an earlier church and a later Baroque hall church. The Gothic feel is what persists, from 14th- and 15th-century frescoes on the pillars to the 15th-century painting of the Four Evangelists on the ceiling in the choir. In the north aisle stands an ornamented column depicting various princes, donated in 1470 by Archduchess Mechthild, the wife of Ludwig I and mother of Eberhard the Bearded. A copy also stands in the city's Marktplatz.

There are two museums in town, the Sülchgau Museum, specialising in pre- and early history and Roman influences on the area, and the diocesan museum, focusing on ecclesiastical art, painting and sculpture.

In nearby Weggental is the pilgrimage church of Wallfahrtskirche St. Maria, rebuilt in 1682–1695 in Baroque style, but containing a medieval pietà and a very fine rendition of the Virgin swooning during the Deposition of Christ from the cross.

A more modern landmark is the Eckenweiler Water Tower. Built of reinforced concrete in the 1970s, its unusual design is notable.

Twin town

Since 1979 Rottenburg's twin town is Saint Claude in France.

Personalities

Honorary citizens

The Town of Rottenburg am Neckar and respectively the former municipalities, which have been incorporated, have awarded the honorary citizenship to the following persons:

Rottenburg

Eugen Bolz 1944

Bad Niedernau

Ergenzingen

Frommenhausen

Kiebingen

Obernau

Wurmlingen

Sons and daughters of the town

Prominent persons that were born in Rottenburg:

Franz Anton Hoffmeister 1804
        
   Railway station in Rottenburg Eckenweiler water tower Gothic fountain Episcopal Palace at the Eugen-Bolz-Square
Rottenburg am Neckar on Neckar River

References

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