Troina
| Troina | |
|---|---|
| Comune | |
| Comune di Troina | |
 | |
  Troina Location of Troina in Italy | |
| Coordinates: 37°47′N 14°36′E / 37.783°N 14.600°ECoordinates: 37°47′N 14°36′E / 37.783°N 14.600°E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Sicily |
| Province / Metropolitan city | Enna (EN) |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Sebastiano Fabio Venezia (since 2013) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 163.083 km2 (62.967 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,121 m (3,678 ft) |
| Population (2007)[1] | |
| • Total | 9,795 |
| • Density | 60/km2 (160/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Troinesi |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 94018 |
| Dialing code | 0935 |
| Patron saint | St. Sylvester |
| Saint day | June 3 |
| Website | Official website |
Troina (Sicilian: Traina) is a town, former bishopric, comune (municipality) and Latin Catholic titular see in the province of Enna, Sicily, Italy. It is located in the Nebrodi Park.
History
Excavations have proved that the area of Troina was settled as early as the 7th millennium BC (a farm dating from that period, and a later necropolis). Of the Greek town (most likely known as Engyon) parts of the 4th-century-BC walls remain, while from the Roman age are baths. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire it was a Byzantine stronghold and during the Islamic period the religious and moral capital of the Greek and Christian orthodox part of Sicily; Roger I of Sicily had in its castle (which he captured in 1061) also a start base of his conquest of the island.
During World War II, Troina was the site of a battle between the Allies and the Axis forces. The town was mostly destroyed during the six-day fighting (31 July – 6 August 1943).
Ecclesiastical history
- In 1082 a Diocese of Troina (Curiate Italian) / Troyna (Latin) / Troynien(sis) (Latin adjective) was established, on Sicilian territories split off from former Diocese of Messina, former Diocese of Lipari, former Diocese of Taormina and former Diocese of Tindari. the city, among the first to be liberated from the Arab Muslim rule by the Normans, was chosen as episcopal see. Tradition holds that after a mass celebrated by Pope Urban II to implore Norman aid had been exhausted, their Kings of Sicily were granted the special privilege (termed 'Apostolic legation') to appoint the Sicilian bishops freely, without Rome's approval.
- Its first and only bishop was Roberto (1082 – 1098), a cousin of 'great count' Ruggero (Roger) I 'Bosso', who built from 1065 to 1078 the cathedral Maria Santissima Assunta, dedicated to the Assumption of Mary.
- In 1098, as the Norman power declined on Sicily, it was suppressed to (re)establish a now great Diocese of Messina (Metropolitan Archdiocese from 1166), to which the high-born incumbent was transferred as Bishop of Messina (1098 – death 1109).
- In the 18th century, the ruling patrician families and local clergy attempted to have the episcopal status restored, but lost out to regional rival Nicosia, Sicily.
Titular see
In 1968 the diocese was nominally restored as Latin Titular bishopric of Troina (Curiate Italian) / Troyna (Latin) / Troynien(sis) (Latin adjective).
It is vacant, having had the following incumbents, of the fitting Episcopal (lowest) rank with an archiepiscopal (higher) exception :
- Titular Archbishop: Stephen Ferrando, Salesians (S.D.B.) (Italian) (1969.06.26 – death 1978.06.21) as emeritate; previously Bishop of Krishnagar (then British India) (1934.07.09 – 1935.11.26), Bishop of Shillong (India) (1935.11.26 – retired 1969.06.26)
- Bonifatius Haushiku, Servants of Christ the Priest (S.C.P.) (1978.11.15 – 1994.03.14) as Auxiliary Bishop of Apostolic Vicariate of Windhoek (Namibia) (1978.11.15 – 1980.11.29); next succeeded as last Apostolic Vicar of Windhoek (1980.11.29 – 1994.03.14), (see) promoted as first Metropolitan Archbishop of Windhoek (1994.03.14 – death 2002.06.12), President of Namibian Catholic Bishop’s Conference (1996 – 2002)
- José Octavio Ruiz Arenas (1996.03.08 – 2002.07.16) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Bogotá (Colombia) (1996.03.08 – 2002.07.16); next last Suffragan Bishop of Villavicencio (Colombia) (2002.07.16 – 2004.07.03), (see) promoted as first Metropolitan Archbishop of Villavicencio (2004.07.03 – resigned 2007.05.31), Vice-President of Pontifical Commission for Latin America (2007.05.31 – 2011.05.13), Secretary of Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelization (2011.05.13 – ...)
- Raúl Martín (2006.03.01 – 2013.09.24) as Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Buenos Aires (Argentina) (2006.03.01 – 2013.09.24); later Bishop of Santa Rosa (Argentina) (2013.09.24 – ...).
Twin towns
Troina is twinned with :
Gallery
Troina during World War II.
Lake Ancipa.
Cathedral of Maria SS Annunziata, on the right, and church of San Giorgio on the left.
See also
Sources
- ↑ "The World Gazetteer". Archived from the original on 2013-02-10. Retrieved 2007-02-24.