Roadian

System/
Period		 Series/
Epoch		 Stage/
Age		 Age (Ma)
Triassic Lower/
Early		 Induan younger
Permian Lopingian Changhsingian 252.2–254.1
Wuchiapingian 254.1–259.8
Guadalupian Capitanian 259.8–265.1
Wordian 265.1–268.8
Roadian 268.8–272.3
Cisuralian Kungurian 272.3–283.5
Artinskian 283.5–290.1
Sakmarian 290.1–295.0
Asselian 295.0–298.9
Carboniferous Pennsylvanian Gzhelian older
Subdivision of the Permian system
according to the ICS (Geologic Time Scale 2013).[1]
Hercosestria cribrosa, A reef-forming Roadian brachiopod from the Glass Mountains of Texas.

In the geologic timescale, the Roadian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the earliest or lower of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian epoch or series. The Roadian lasted between 272.3 and 268.8 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Kungurian and followed by the Wordian.[2]

Stratigraphy

The Wordian stage was introduced into scientific literature in 1916 and was named after the Word Formation of the North American Permian Basin. In 1961, the regional timescale used for the southeastern US had the Wordian and Capitanian as subdivisions of the Guadalupian.[3] Efforts to correlate the Permian stratigraphy of the southeastern US with that of Russia led to the conclusion that between the Wordian stage and the Russian Artinskian stage, another stage needed to be introduced.[4] This stage, the Roadian stage, was established in 1968 and took its name from the Road Canyon Member in Brewster County, Texas, the lower (oldest) part of the Word Formation.[5] The stage was added to the internationally used IUGS timescale in 2001.[6]

The base of the Roadian is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella nankingensis first appears. The global reference profile for the base (the GSSP) is located in Stratotype Canyon in the Guadalupe Mountains, Texas (31°52′36″N 104°52′36″W / 31.87667°N 104.87667°W / 31.87667; -104.87667). The top of the Roadian (the base of the Wordian stage) is at the first appearance of fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella aserrata.

Biodiversity

Olson’s Extinction, a worldwide loss of terrestrial vertebrate life occurred during the Early Guadalupian (Roadian, Wordian).[7]

Palaeontology

Amphibians

Amphibians of the Roadian
Taxa Presence Location Description Images
Tambach, Germany, Europe and Seymour, Baylor County, Texas among others in North America

References

  1. ↑ "Chronostratigraphic chart 2013". ICS. Retrieved 27 March 2013.
  2. ↑ Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G.; 2004: A Geologic Time Scale 2004, Cambridge University Press
  3. ↑ Glenister, B.F. & Furnish, W.M.; 1961: The Permian ammonoids of Australia, Journal of Paleontology 35(4), pp 673–736.
  4. ↑ Nassichuk, W.W.; 1964: Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks in the Parry Islands Group, Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Report of activities, field
  5. ↑ Furnish & Glenister (1968)
  6. ↑ Glenister, B.F.; Wardlaw, B.R.; Lambert, L.L.; Spinosa, C.; Bowring, S.A.; Erwin, D.H.; Menning, M. & Wilde, G.L.; 1999: Proposal of Guadalupian and Component Roadian, Wordian and Capitanian Stages as International Standards for the Middle Permian Series, Permophiles 34: pp 3–11.
  7. ↑ Sahney, S. & Benton, M.J. (2008). "Recovery from the most profound mass extinction of all time" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological. 275 (1636): 759–65. PMC 2596898 Freely accessible. PMID 18198148. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1370.
Preceded by Proterozoic Eon Phanerozoic Eon
Paleozoic Era Mesozoic Era Cenozoic Era
Cambrian Ordovician Silurian Devonian Carboniferous Permian Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous Paleogene Neogene 4ry
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.