Maldeo Rathore
| Maldeo Rathore | |
|---|---|
 Rao Maldeo Rathore | |
| Ruler of Marwar | |
| Reign | 9 May 1532 – 7 November 1562 |
| Predecessor | Rao Ganga |
| Successor | Chandrasen |
| Born |
5 December 1511[1] Jodhpur, India |
| Died |
7 November 1562 (aged 50) Mehrangarh Fort, Jodhpur, India |
| Spouse | Sarupde jhali |
| Issue |
Ram Singh Chandrasen Udai Singh |
| Dynasty | Rathore |
| Father | Rao Ganga |
| Mother | Padma Kumari |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Maldeo Rathore (5 December 1511 – 7 November 1562) was an Indian ruler of Marwar, which was later known as Jodhpur (in the present day Rajasthan state of India). He was a scion of the Rathore clan. His father was Rao Ganga Ji and his mother was Rani Padmavati of Sirohi. Rao Maldeo fought in the Battle of Khanwa as a young prince, the defeat at Khanwa greatly weakened all the Rajput kingdoms in India but Marwar under Maldeo's rule turned into a powerful Rajput Kingdom that resisted foreign rule and challenged them for northern supremacy. Maldeo refused to ally with either the Sur Empire or the Mughal Empire after Humayun regained control of north India in 1555. This policy was continued by his son and successor Chandrasen Rathore.[2]
The then Muslim historian Ferishta calls him as the "most Potent Ruler of Hindustan".[3]
Family
Maldeo was born on 5 December 1511 as the eldest son of Rao Ganga, the Rathore ruler of Marwar. His mother, Queen Padma Kumari, was a princess from the Deora Chauhan kingdom of Sirohi. By the time he ascended the throne in 1531, Maldeo already enjoyed the reputation of being an intrepid warrior. Traditional and popular accounts list him amongst the most important rulers that Marwar has known.[4]
The reign
The period of Rao Maldeo Ji's reign was marked by the paucity of a dominant power in northern India. He had made the wall of Jodhpur city. In 1540, Humayun fled into exile after being displaced by Sher Shah Suri as ruler of the Delhi sultanate. The Sisodia rulers of Mewar were yet to recover from their defeat at Khanwa in 1527. Maldeo used the opportunity to extend his territory. He annexed Bikaner, Merta, Jaitaran, Siwana, Jalor, Tonk, Nagaur and Ajmer. By regaining the territories of Jalor and Nagaur from Afghan occupation, Maldeo Rathore restored Hindu rule in the area and abolished the Jizya tax there.[5] His boundary at Jhajhar was only about fifty kilometers from Delhi.[6] Conflict between Maldeo and Suri became inevitable.
Battle of Sammel and its aftermath
The succession
After his death on November 7, 1562, a fratricidal contest began for the throne of Marwar and finally his third son, Chandrasen Rathore crowned himself in Jodhpur. But his reign was very short-lived as Akbar occupied Merta in 1562 and occupied Jodhpur in 1563.[7]
| Preceded by Rao Ganga |
Rulers of Marwar (Jodhpur) The Rathore Dynasty 9 May 1532– 7 November 1562 |
Succeeded by Rao Chandra Sen |
Notes
- ↑ Studies, University of Rajasthan Centre for Rajasthan (1999). History and culture of Rajasthan: from earliest times up to 1956 A.D. Centre for Rajasthan Studies, University of Rajasthan. p. 162.
- ↑ Bose, Melia Belli (2015). Royal Umbrellas of Stone: Memory, Politics, and Public Identity in Rajput Funerary Art. BRILL. p. 150. ISBN 978-9-00430-056-9.
- ↑ Somerset Playne, R. V. Solomon, J. W. Bond, Arnold Wright (2006). "Indian states: a biographical, historical, and administrative survey", Delhi: Asian Educational Services, p. 196
- ↑ Hooja, Rima (2006). A history of Rajasthan. 518: Rupa & Co.
- ↑ Bose, Melia Belli (2015). Royal Umbrellas of Stone: Memory, Politics, and Public Identity in Rajput Funerary Art. BRILL. p. 150. ISBN 978-9-00430-056-9.
- ↑ Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Mughul Empire, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp. 81–2
- ↑ Sarkar, J.N. (1984, reprint 1994). A History of Jaipur, New Delhi: Orient Longman, ISBN 81-250-0333-9, p. 41
References
- Adams, Archibald (1899). The Western Rajputana States: A Medico-topographical and General. Original from the New York Public Library: Junior army & navy stores, limited. p. 63.