RD-864

RD-864 (РД-864)
Country of origin Soviet Union
Date 1976-1978
First flight October 31, 1977
Designer Yuzhnoye Design Bureau
Manufacturer Yuzhmash
Application Upper Stage
Associated L/V R-36M UTTKh and Dnepr
Successor RD-869
Status In Service
Liquid-fuel engine
Propellant N2O4 / UDMH
Mixture ratio 1.8
Cycle Gas Generator
Configuration
Chamber 4
Performance
Thrust High Thrust Mode: 20.2 kN (4,500 lbf)
Low Thrust Mode: 8.45 kN (1,900 lbf)
Chamber pressure High Thrust Mode: 4.1 MPa (590 psi)
Low Thrust Mode: 1.7 MPa (250 psi)
Specific impulse High Thrust Mode: 309 seconds
Low Thrust Mode: 298 seconds
Burn time up to 600s
Restarts 25
Gimbal range +/- 55°
Dimensions
Length 4,020 mm (158 in)
Diameter 1,420 mm (56 in)
Dry weight 199 kg (439 lb)
Used in
R-36M UTTKh and Dnepr third stage
References
References [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]
RD-869 (РД-869)
Country of origin Soviet Union
Date 1983-1985
First flight March 1986
Designer Yuzhnoye Design Bureau
Manufacturer Yuzhmash
Application Upper Stage
Associated L/V R-36M2
Predecessor RD-864
Status In Service
Liquid-fuel engine
Propellant N2O4 / UDMH
Mixture ratio 1.8
Cycle Gas Generator
Configuration
Chamber 4
Performance
Thrust High Thrust Mode: 20.47 kN (4,600 lbf)
Low Thrust Mode: 8.58 kN (1,930 lbf)
Chamber pressure High Thrust Mode: 4.1 MPa (590 psi)
Low Thrust Mode: 1.7 MPa (250 psi)
Specific impulse High Thrust Mode: 313 seconds
Low Thrust Mode: 302.3 seconds
Burn time up to 700s
Restarts 50
Gimbal range +/- 55°
Dimensions
Length 4,020 mm (158 in)
Diameter 1,420 mm (56 in)
Dry weight 196 kg (432 lb)
Used in
R-36M2 third stage
References
References [1][5][6][10]

The RD-864 (GRAU: 15D177) is a Soviet liquid propellant rocket engine burning UDMH and nitrogen tetroxide in a gas generator combustion cycle.[1] It has a four combustion chambers that provide thrust vector control by gimbaling each nozzle in a single axis +/- 55°. It is used on the third stage of the R-36M UTTKh (GRAU: 15A18) and Dnepr.[5] For the R-36M2 (GRAU: 15A18M), an improved version, the RD-869 (GRAU: 15D300) was developed.[1][6][10][11]

History

When the Soviet military developed an improved version of the R-36M ICBM, Yangel's OKB-586 developed a new engine for the third stage, the RD-864. Developed between 1976 and 1978 it flew for the first time on October 31, 1977. With the START I and START II the some 150 R-36M and R-36M UTTKh were retired and to be destroyed by 2007.[1][4] So, a civilian application was looked for and during the 1990s, Yuzhnoe Design Bureau (the R-36M designer) successfully developed the Dnepr launch vehicle.[3] It flew for the first time on April 21, 1999 and as of June 2016 it is still operational.[12] So, while the production of the RD-864 has long since been finished, the engine is still to this day operational.[12][13]

The RD-869 was an improved version for the most powerful Soviet ICBM ever, the R-36M2 (15A18M). It had improved efficiency, restart capability and burn life over the RD-864.[1][10] As of January 2016 there are still 46 operational R-36M2 (RS-20V, SS-18) and thus the RD-869 is still in service, if out of production.[13]

Versions

There are two versions of this engine:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Двигатели 1944-2000: Аавиационные, Ракетные, Морские, Промышленные" [Aviadvigatel 19442-2000: Aviation, rocketry, naval and industry] (PDF) (in Russian). pp. 341–342. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  2. ↑ Brügge, Norbert. "Dnepr Propulsion". B14643.de. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  3. 1 2 Wade, Mark. "Dnepr". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  4. 1 2 Wade, Mark. "R-36MU 15A18". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Wade, Mark. "RD-864". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Wade, Mark. "RD-869". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  7. ↑ Pillet, Nicolas. "Le troisième étage de Dniepr" [The Dnepr third stge] (in French). Kosmonavtika.com. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  8. ↑ "Dnepr". Yuzhnoye. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  9. ↑ "Dnepr Launch Vehicle". Yuzhmash. Retrieved 2015-07-07.
  10. 1 2 3 Wade, Mark. "R-36M2 15A18M". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  11. ↑ Pal'kov, V. A.; Timchenko, A. Ju.; Stecenko, A. Ja. (2014). Tkachenko, V. D., ed. Шестьдесят лет в ракетостроении и космонавтике. 1954-2014 [Sixty years in rocketry and astronautics. 1954-2014] (in Russian). Yuzhnoye SDO. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-966-348-349-8.
  12. 1 2 Krebs, Gunter Dirk (2016-06-13). "Dnepr". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-07-07.
  13. 1 2 "Strategic Rocket Forces". January 2016. Retrieved 2016-07-07.


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