Quercygale

Quercygale[1]
Temporal range: Middle to Late Eocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Superfamily: †Miacoidea
Family: †Miacidae
Genus: †Quercygale
Kretzoi, 1945
Type species
Quercygale angustidens
Species
  • †Q. angustidens Filhol 1872
  • †Q. hastinsiae Davies 1884
  • †Q. helvetica Rutimeyer 1882
  • †Q. smithi Sole et al 2014

Quercygale is an extinct genus of Miacidae, primitive carnivores that lived during the Eocene.[2] The genus contains four species: Q. angustidens, Q. hastingsae, Q. helvetica, and Q. smithi.[1] Phylogenetic analysis of the basicranial morphology of miacid carnivoramorphans suggests Quercygale is the most advanced miacid and sister to crown group Carnivora, predating the split between Feliformia and Caniformia.,[3][4] although another recent study places them as a stem group within Feliformia.[5]

Taxonomy

Species Authority Type locality Status
Q. angustidens Filhol, 1872[6] Quercy Phosphorites (France) Described as Viverra angustidens, later as Humbertia angustidens De Beaumont 1965;[7] assigned to Quercygale by Wesley-Hunt & Flynn (2005)[3]
Q. hastingsae Davies, 1884[8] Headon Bedes (England) Described as Viverra hastingsae; assigned to Quercygale by Wesley-Hunt & Flynn (2005)[3]
Q. helvetica Rütimeyer, 1862[9] ? (Switzerland)
Q. smithi Sole et al, 2014[4] Mutigny and Mancy (France)

Sources

  1. 1 2 "Quercygale". www.paleodb.org. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
  2. ↑ McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of Mammals: Above the Species Level. Columbia University Press. p. 631. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6.
  3. 1 2 3 Wesley−Hunt, G.D. and Werdelin, L. 2005. "Basicranial morphology and phylogenetic position of the upper Eocene carnivoramorphan Quercygale". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 50 (4), 837-846.
  4. 1 2 Solé, Floréal (2014-09-01). "New carnivoraforms from the early Eocene of Europe and their bearing on the evolution of the Carnivoraformes". Palaeontology. 57 (5): 963–978. ISSN 1475-4983. doi:10.1111/pala.12097.
  5. ↑ Tomiya, Susumu; Tseng, Zhijie Jack (2016). "Whence the beardogs? Reappraisal of the Middle to Late Eocene 'Miacis' from Texas, USA, and the origin of Amphicyonidae (Mammalia, Carnivora)". Royal Society Open Science. 3 (10): 160518. Bibcode:2016RSOS....3p0518T. ISSN 2054-5703. PMID 27853569. doi:10.1098/rsos.160518.
  6. ↑ Filhol, H. 1872. Recherches sur les mammifères fossiles des dépots de phosphate de chaux dans les départements du Lot, du Tarn et de Tarn−et− Garonne. Annales des Sciences Géologiques 3: 1–31.
  7. ↑ Beaumont, G. de 1965. Les Viverravinae (Carnivora, Miacidae) de l’Eocène de la Suisse. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 69: 133–146.
  8. ↑ Davies, W. 1884. Notes on some new carnivores from the British Eocene formations. Geological Magazine NS, Decade III 1: 433–438.
  9. ↑ Rütimeyer, L. 1862. Eocäne Säugethiere aus dem Gebiete der Schweitzerischen Jura. Denkschrifte der Schweitzerische Gesellschaft für Naturwissenschafte 19: 1–98.


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