Pyridoxine

Pyridoxine

Pyridoxine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
Pregnancy
category
  • US: A (No risk in human studies) and C
Routes of
administration		 by mouth, IV, IM, subQ
ATC code
Identifiers
Synonyms vitamin B6,[1] pyridoxol[2]
CAS Number
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.548
Chemical and physical data
Formula C8H11NO3
Molar mass 169.18 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point 159 to 162 °C (318 to 324 °F)

Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B6 and pyridoxol, is a form of vitamin B6 found commonly in food and used as dietary supplement.[1] As a supplement it is used to treat and prevent pyridoxine deficiency, sideroblastic anaemia, pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy, certain metabolic disorders, problems from isoniazid, and certain types of mushroom poisoning.[3][1] It is used by mouth or by injection.[3]

It is usually well tolerated. Occasionally side effects include headache, numbness, and sleepiness. Normal doses are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Pyridoxine is in the vitamin B family of vitamins. It is required by the body to make amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.[3] Sources in the diet include fruit, vegetables, and grain.[4]

Pyridoxine was discovered in 1934, isolated in 1938, and first made in 1939.[5][6] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.[7] Pyridoxine is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[3] The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 0.59 to 3.54 USD per month.[8] Foods, such as breakfast cereal have pyridoxine added in some countries.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 3 WHO Model Formulary 2008 (PDF). World Health Organization. 2009. p. 496. ISBN 9789241547659. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  2. ↑ Dryhurst, Glenn (2012). Electrochemistry of Biological Molecules. Elsevier. p. 562. ISBN 9780323144520.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Pyridoxine Hydrochloride". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  4. 1 2 "Office of Dietary Supplements - Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Vitamin B6". ods.od.nih.gov. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
  5. ↑ Squires, Victor R. (2011). The Role of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in Human Nutrition - Volume IV. EOLSS Publications. p. 121. ISBN 9781848261952.
  6. ↑ Harris, Harry (2012). Advances in Human Genetics 6. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 39. ISBN 9781461582649.
  7. ↑ "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (19th List)" (PDF). World Health Organization. April 2015. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  8. ↑ "Vitamin B6". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
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