Pyongdok Line

P'yŏngdŏk Line
Overview
Native name 평덕선(平德線)
Type Heavy rail, Regional rail
Status Operational
Locale P'yŏngyang
North Hwanghae
South Pyŏngan
North Pyŏngan
Termini Taedonggang
Kujang Ch'ŏngnyŏn
Stations 37
Operation
Opened Stages between 1911-?
Owner Korean State Railway
Operator(s) Korean State Railway
Depot(s) P'yŏngyang
Technical
Line length 192.3 km (119.5 mi)
Number of tracks Single track
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Minimum radius 250 m (820 ft)
Electrification 3000 V DC Catenary
Maximum incline 20‰
Route map

Legend

0.0 Taedonggang(P'yŏngbu Line)

P'yŏngyang Machine Factory

East P'yŏngyang
E. P'yŏngyang Building Materials Factory
3.3‡ Sŏn'gyo-ri Closed
P'yŏngyang Essential Foodstuffs Factory
P'yŏngyang General Textile Factory
Songsin
7.5‡ Sadŏng Closed

November 2 Factory
10.8 Mirim
Mirim Block Factory
16.7 Ch'ŏngryong

Myŏngdang Branch
Rihyŏn
18.5 Ripsŏng-ri
Taehwŏn (Tŏktŏng)

Kobi Branch
Sangwŏn Cement Complex Refractories Plant
Myŏngdang
Sangwŏn River(former coal mine)
Sangwŏn Cement Complex
Samsandongcoal mine
Samch'ŏllicoal mine
Namsancoal mine
Kobicoal mine
23.3 Sŭnghori(Sŭngho-ri Cement Complex)
Sŭngho-ri Concrete Sleeper Factory
Mandal-li(Mandal-li Cement Factory)
31.3 Hwach'ŏn
Chaeryongsancoal mine
Kŭmok
39.2 Songga
45.6 Samdŭng
49.0 Hŭngryŏng
53.0 Sŏngrŭm
61.5 Kangdongchrysotile asbestos mine
69.5 Paegwŏn
78.7 Sŏngch'ŏn
85.7 Samdŏk

P'yŏngra Line

91.9 Sinsŏngch'ŏn

P'yŏngra Line
engine house
99.3 Kŭmp'yŏng
105.0
0.0
 Wŏnch'ang

Ryŏngdae Branch
7.1 Ryŏngdae Coal Mine
108.6
0.0
 Kujŏng

Chaedong Branch
4.4 Chaedongcoal mine
111.1
0.0
 Songnam Ch'ŏngnyŏn

Solgol Branch
4.4 Solgol(Songnam Youth Coal Mine)
119.6 Kach'ang
128.0
0.0
 Pukch'ang(Pukch'ang Essential Foodstuffs Factory)
Kwanha Branch
2.6 Kwanha(Pukch'ang Aluminium Factory)

Sŏksan Branch
Pukch'ang Thermal Power Complex
133.9 Okch'ŏn(coal mine)
Ryongsan(coal mine)
 
0.0
 Tŭkchang(coal mine)
Myŏnghak Branch
2.6 Myŏnghak(coal mine)
17.7 Sŏksan(coal mine)
Kuhyŏn
Inp'o Branch
Inp'o(coal mine)
Hoe'an(coal mine)
140.3 Namdŏk(coal mine)
Chenam(coal mine)
 
0.0
 South Tŏkch'ŏn(coal mine)
Tŏngnam Branch
1.6 Tŏngnam(coal mine)
Sŭngri Motors Plant
 
0.0
 Tŏkch'ŏn

Hyŏngbong Branch
 
0.0
 West Tŏkch'ŏn
4.0 Sinsŏng(coal mine)
Ch'ŏlgisan
Hyŏngbong(coal mine)
Hoedun(coal mine)
11.6 Sŏch'ang(coal mine)
underground facilities
Hyangwŏn elite station
Hyangwŏn
 
0.0
 Hyangjang
1.9 Changsang
Tuillyŏng
Hamga
Ryongam Branch

Manp'o Line

192.3 Kujang Ch'ŏngnyŏn(Manp'o Line → )
Ch'ŏngnyŏn P'arwŏn Line
Pyongdok Line
Chosŏn'gŭl 평덕선
Hancha 平德線
Revised Romanization Pyeongdeokseon
McCune–Reischauer P'yŏngdŏksŏn

The P'yŏngdŏk Line is an electrified standard-gauge trunk line of the North Korean State Railway running from Taedonggang Station in P'yŏngyang, where it connects to the P'yŏngbu Line, to Kujang on the Manp'o and Ch'ŏngnyŏn P'alwŏn lines.[1] The total length of the line is 192.3 km (119.5 mi). It is currently under the jurisdiction of the P'yŏngyang Railway Bureau (Taedonggang–Hyangwŏn section), and of the Kaech'ŏn Railway Bureau (Tuillyŏng–Kujang section).[2] Economically, it is a very important line, connecting P'yŏngyang with the coal mining and industrial centres of Pukch'ang, Tŏkch'ŏn and South P'yŏngan province.[1]

The P'yŏngdŏk Line is also connected to the east-west P'yŏngra Line. It has numerous branchlines, including those to Ryŏngdae, Myŏnghak, Sŏch'ang and Changsang. Many of these branchlines are to coal mines that send coal to the Pukch'ang Thermal Power Complex, and to other industrial centres and power plants.[2]

There are 38 stations on the line, not including Taedonggang (which "belongs" to the P'yŏngbu Line), Sinsŏngch'ŏn (P'yŏngra Line) and Kujang Ch'ŏngnyŏn (Manp'o Line). Of these, 33 are regular intermediate stations. There is also a freight station at Mirim, one halt, and three signal stations. Passing through mountainous territory, the P'yŏngdŏk Line thus features many bridges and tunnels. Through the Myŏhyang mountains around Tuillyŏng the ruling grade is 20‰ and the minimum radius of curves is 250 m (820 ft), while on the Sinsŏngch'ŏn–Tŏkch'ŏn section the ruling grade is 17‰ with a minimum curve radius of 300 m (980 ft). There are 90 bridges with a total length of 3,916 m (12,848 ft), and 52 tunnels with a total length of 10,345 m (33,940 ft) – 5.4% of the line's length is through tunnels.[2]

On 21 October 2014 a groundbreaking ceremony for the Sŭngri ("Victory") project to modernise the P'yŏngnam Line from Namp'o to P'yŏngyang and the P'yŏngdŏk Line from P'yŏngyang to Chedong was held. The project, supported by Russia, is intended to form the first stage of a larger-scale cooperation with the Russian Railways as part of a 20-year development project that would modernise around 3,500 km (2,200 mi) of the North Korean rail network, and would include the construction of a north-south freight bypass around P'yŏngyang. The overall project cost is estimated to be around US $25 billion, and it is expected that exports of coal, rare-earth and non-ferrous metals from the DPRK to Russia will provide the funding for the project.[3]

History

The P'yŏngdŏk Line was formed after the establishment of the DPRK and the Korean State Railway by merging parts of two previous lines, the P'yŏngyang Colliery Line, a branch line of the Chosen Government Railway's (Sentetsu) K'yŏngŭi Line, and the mainline of the privately owned West Chosen Central Railway.

P'yŏngyang Colliery Line

The P'yŏngyang Colliery Line (평양탄광선, P'yŏngyang T'an'gwang-sŏn; 平壤炭鑛線, Heijō tankō-sen) was opened by Sentetsu in two parts to exploit the rich anthracite deposits of the area.[2] The first section, 10.1 km (6.3 mi) from P'yŏngyang to Sadong, was opened on 1 September 1911. Seven years later, on 5 May 1918 a 15.8 km (9.8 mi) extension from Sadong to Sŭngho-ri was opened. The stations at Taedonggang and Sadong were opened in 1911, while the stations at Mirim and Sŭngho-ri were opened in 1918, and the station at Sŏn'gyo-ri on 15 October 1920. Sentetsu then opened the station at Ch'ŏngryong and the branch line to Myŏngdang on 1 November 1925, followed by the station at Ripsŏng-ri and the branch to Kobi on 1 November 1934.[4]

West Chosen Central Railway

The privately owned West Chosen Central Railway (서선중앙철도, Sŏsŏn Chung'ang Ch'ŏldo; 西鮮中央鐵道, Sōsen Chūō Tetsudō) opened its mainline from Sŭngho-ri to Chang'an (now Namdŏk) in several staged between 1939 and 1945. The first section, 29.6 km (18.4 mi) from Sŭngho-ri to Sŏngrŭm, was opened on 29 June 1939,[5] followed five months later by an 8.5 km (5.3 mi) extension to P'yŏngnam Kangdong (now just Kangdong).[6]

On 1 October 1941 the West Chosen Central Railway opened a second line, isolated from the first, made up of a 36.1 km (22.4 mi) mainline running from Sinsŏngch'ŏn to Pukch'ang and a 4.4 km (2.7 mi) branchline from Kujŏng to Chaedong.[7] The two sections of mainline remained isolated from each other until 18 September 1942, when the gap between P'yŏngnam Kangdong and Sinsŏngch'ŏn, a distance of 30.3 km (18.8 mi) was closed.[8] The newly built line did not long remain part of the West Chosen railway, as on 1 April 1944 the line from Sŭngho-ri all the way to Sinsŏngch'ŏn was transferred to Sentetsu and incorporated into the P'yŏngyang Colliery Line.[9]

The West Chosen Central Railway nevertheless continued expanding its truncated mainline. The first of these extensions was a 5.9 km (3.7 mi) stretch from Pukch'ang to Okch'ŏn opened on 28 December 1944,[10] which was followed by a second extension, 6.4 km (4.0 mi) to Chang'an, opened on 15 May 1945.[11]

After the end of the Pacific War and subsequent partition of Korea, both the West Chosen Central Railway and the parts of Sentetsu within the newly established DPRK were nationalised, becoming part of the Korean State Railway.[1] The section from Taedonggang to Mirim was subsequently realigned after the end of the Korean War, during which the line was heavily damaged. The new alignment was about 1.5 km (0.93 mi) longer than the old section. Later, the line was extended from Namdŏk (previously Chang'an) first to Tŏkch'ŏn[2] and then to Kujang.[12] Electrification of the line was completed in June 1979.[2]

Services

Freight

On the P'yŏngdŏk Line, freight traffic is vastly greater in the southbound direction than northbound - 3.5-8 times greater on the Taedonggang–Sinsŏngch'ŏn section and 6-15.3 times greater on the Sinsŏngch'ŏn–Tŏkch'ŏn–Kujang section. The bulk of the southbound freight traffic is anthracite from the coal fields of North and South P'yŏngan provinces, accounting for anywhere from 55.4% to 99.2% of southbound freight.[2] However, it also accounts for 35.4% of northbound freight on the Sinsŏngch'ŏn–Pukch'ang section, as some of the anthracite extracted at the Ryŏngdae, Chaedong and Solgol mines are shipped to the Pukch'ang Thermal Power Complex - the largest in the DPRK - for fuel.[2]

Cement, ore, stone, fertiliser, wood and metals make up the largest part of northbound cargo. Between Taedonggang and Sinsŏngch'ŏn it is mostly cement, ore, grain, fertilisers and metals, whilst on the Sinsŏngch'ŏn–Tŏkch'ŏn–Kujang section it is primarily wood, cement and fertiliser.[2]

Cement is shipped from the Sŭngho-ri Cement Factory at Sŭngho-ri. Steel and metals from the Ch'ŏllima Steel Complex on the P'yŏngnam Line and from the Hwanghae Iron & Steel Complex at Changch'ŏl-li on the Songrim Line are shipped via the P'yŏngdŏk Line to various factories along the line, including the Sŭngri Motor Plant at Tŏkch'ŏn.[2]

The freight-only station at Mirim is responsible for handling freight for the Taedonggang-guyŏk, Taesong-guyŏk and Sadong-guyŏk districts of P'yŏngyang. The main commodities arriving there are anthracite from Namdŏk, Hŭngryŏng and elsewhere, and cement from Sŭngho-ri.[2]

The freight yard at Kangdong station handles freight for Kangdong and Hoech'ang counties, and for P'yŏngyang's Samsŏk-kuyŏk district. The main commodities arriving there are fertiliser, steel and cement. Cement arrives from the Sŭngho-ri Cement Factory, from the 2.8 Cement Complex at Pongsan on the P'yŏngbu Line, and from Taegŏn on the P'yŏngra Line. Steel is from the Hwanghae Iron & Steel Works on the Songrim Line, while fertiliser comes from the Namhŭng Youth Chemical Complex at Namhŭng on the P'yŏngŭi Line, from Hŭngnam and Chisu on the P'yŏngra Line, and from Namp'o. The main commodities shipped from Kangdong are chrysotile asbestos and thread.[2]

The main commodities arriving at Sŏngch'ŏn freight yard are anthracite and fertiliser. Anthracite is shipped here from Sŏch'ang, Namdŏk, Chaedong and Ryŏngdae; fertiliser comes from Hŭngnam and Namhŭng. The main shipments from Sŏngch'ŏn are non-ferrous metal ores, sand, tobacco, metal and logs. The ores and logs are shipped to Munch'ŏn and Haeju, while the sand and tobacco is shipped to P'yŏngyang.[2]

Sŭngho-ri and Pukch'ŏn are important stations on the P'yŏngdŏk Line. Arriving freight at Sŭngho-ri is mostly destined for the Sŭngho-ri Cement Factory, including coal from Hŭngryong, marble from P'yŏngsan on the P'yŏngbu Line and gypsum from Sujin on the Tŏkhyŏn Line. Although most of the cement produced there is sent to P'yŏngyang, a portion is sent to places along the P'yŏngdŏk Line such as Kangdong, Sŏngch'ŏn, Pukch'ang and Tŏkch'ŏn. At Pukch'ŏn the main customer is the massive Pukch'ŏn Thermal Power Complex, receiving tens of thousands of tons coal daily from Okch'ŏn, Ryongsan and Sŏksan on the Soksan Branch, Myŏnghak, Solgol, Chenam, Hoe'an, Sŏch'ang, Hyangwŏn, Changsang and Tŏngnam. In addition, Pukch'ang has a large aluminium plant, a soybean-processing plant and a machinery factory.[2]

Passenger

The following passenger trains are known to operate on this line:[1]

Route

A yellow background in the "Distance" box indicates that section of the line is not electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
-2.6 P'yŏngyang 평양 P'yŏngŭi Line, P'yŏngnam Line
0.0 Taedonggang 대동강 P'yŏngbu Line
East P'yŏngyang 동평양
3.3 Sŏn'gyo-ri 선교리 Closed
Songsin 송신
7.5‡ Sadŏng 사덩 Closed
10.8 Mirim 미림
16.7 Ch'ŏngryong 청룡 Myŏngdang Branch
18.5 Ripsŏk-ri 립석리 Kobi Branch
23.3 Sŭngho-ri 승호리
Mandal-li 만달리
31.3 Hwach'ŏn 화천
Kŭmok 금옥
39.2 Songga 송가 Tŏksan Branch
45.7 Samdŭng 삼등 Taeri Branch
49.0 Hŭngryŏng 흑령
53.0 Sŏngrŭm 석름
61.5 Kangdong 강동
69.5 Paekwŏn 백원
76.0 Sundŏk Closed
78.7 Sŏngch'ŏn 성천
85.7 Samdŏk 삼덕
91.9 Sinsŏngch'ŏn 신성천 P'yŏngra Line
99.3 Kŭmp'yŏng 금평
105.0 Wŏnch'ang 원창 Ryŏngdae Branch
108.6 Kujŏng 구정 Chaedong Branch
111.1 Songnam Ch'ŏngnyŏn 송남청년 Solgol Branch
119.6 Kach'ang 가창
128.0 Pukch'ang 북창 Kwanha Branch, Sŏksan Branch
133.9 Okch'ŏn 옥천
Kuhyŏn 구현 Inp'o Branch
Hoe'an 회안
140.3 Namdŏk 남덕
Chenam 제남
Namdŏkch'ŏn 남덕천 Tŏngnam Branch
Tŏkch'ŏn 덕천 Hyŏngbong Branch
Hyangwŏn 향원
Hyangjang 향장 Changsang Branch
Tuillyŏng 두일령
Hamga 함가
Kudan 구단 Closed
192.3 Kujang Ch'ŏngnyŏn 구장청년 Manp'o Line, Ch'ŏngnyŏn P'alwŏn Line

Myŏngdang Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Ch'ŏngryong 청룡 P'yŏngdŏk Line
Rihyŏn 리현
Taewŏn 대원
Myŏngdang 명당

Kobi Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Ripsŏng-ri 립석리 P'yŏngdŏk Line
Kobi 고비

Tŏksan Branch

Closed.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Songga 송가 P'yŏngdŏk Line
1.7 Tŏksan 덕산

Taeri Branch

Closed.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Samdŭng 삼등 P'yŏngdŏk Line
4.8 Taeri 대리

Ryŏngdae Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Wŏnch'ang 원창 P'yŏngdŏk Line
7.1 Ryŏngdae 령대

Chaedong Branch

Electrified. This branch was opened on 1 October 1941 together with the opening of the section Sinsŏngch'ŏn–Pukch'ang.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Kujŏng 구정 P'yŏngdŏk Line
4.4 Chaedong 제동

Solgol Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Songnam Ch'ŏngnyŏn 성남 청년 P'yŏngdŏk Line
4.4 Solgol 솔골

Kwanha Branch

Not electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Pukch'ang 북창 P'yŏngdŏk Line, Sŏksan Branch
2.6 Kwanha 관하

Sŏksan Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Pukch'ang 북창 P'yŏngdŏk Line, Kwanha Branch
Yanghyŏn 양현
Ryongsan 룡산
Tŭkchang 득장 Myŏnghak Branch
17.7 Sŏksan 석산

Myŏnghak Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Tŭkchang 득장 Sŏksan Branch
2.6 Myŏnghak 명학

Ingp'o Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Kuhyŏng 구형 P'yŏngdŏk Line
Ingp'o 잉포

Tŏngnam Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Namdŏkch'ŏn 남덕천 P'yŏngdŏk Line
1.6 Tŏngnam 덕남

Hyŏngbong Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Tŏkch'ŏn 덕천 P'yŏngdŏk Line
West Tŏkch'ŏn (Sŏdŏkch'ŏn) 서덕천 Sinsŏng Branch
Ch'ŏlgisan 철기산 Hoedun Branch, Sŏch'an Branch
Hyŏngbong 형봉

Sinsŏng Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 West Tŏkch'ŏn (Sŏdŏkch'ŏn) 서덕천 Hyŏngbong Branch
4.0 Sinsŏng 신성

Hoedun Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
Ch'ŏlgisan 철기산 Hyŏngbong Branch, Sŏch'an Branch
Hoedun 회둔

Sŏch'ang Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Ch'ŏlgisan 철기산 Hyŏngbong Branch, Hoedun Branch
11.6 Sŏch'ang 서창 distance from Tŏkch'ŏn

Changsang Branch

Electrified.

Distance Station Name (Transcribed) Station Name (Chosŏn'gŭl) Connections
0.0 Hyangwŏn 향원 P'yŏngdŏk Line
1.9 Changsang 장상

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Kokubu, Hayato, 将軍様の鉄道 (Shōgun-sama no Tetsudō), ISBN 978-4-10-303731-6
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 http://terms.naver.com/entry.nhn?docId=2090772&categoryId=44461&cid=44454
  3. ↑ http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/news/asia/single-view/view/north-korea-launches-victory-railway-upgrading.html
  4. ↑ Japanese Government Railways (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The List of the Stations as of 1 October 1937), Kawaguchi Printing Company, Tokyo, p. 486
  5. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3736, 5 July 1939 (in Japanese)
  6. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3851, 20 November 1939 (in Japanese)
  7. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 4410, 4 October 1941 (in Japanese)
  8. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 4699, 25 September 1942 (in Japanese)
  9. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 5143, 29 March 1944 (in Japanese)
  10. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 5376, 10 January 1945 (in Japanese)
  11. ↑ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 5500, 6 June 1945 (in Japanese)
  12. ↑ 百年の鉄道旅行 (The railway travel for 100 years): Pyongyang (in Japanese)

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