Puck, Poland

Puck

Market Square

Coat of arms
Puck
Coordinates: 54°42′N 18°24′E / 54.700°N 18.400°E / 54.700; 18.400
Country  Poland
Voivodeship Pomeranian
County Puck County
Gmina Puck (urban gmina)
Established 12th century
Town rights 1348
Government
 • Mayor Marek Rintz
Area
 • City 4.9 km2 (1.9 sq mi)
Highest elevation 20 m (70 ft)
Lowest elevation 0 m (0 ft)
Population (2006)
 • City 11,329
 • Density 2,300/km2 (6,000/sq mi)
 • Metro 1,080,700
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 • Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 84-100
Area code(s) +48 58
Car plates GPU
Website http://www.miasto-puck.com

Puck [put͡sk] (Kashubian: Pùckò, Pùck, Pëck, German: Putzig, Latvian: Pucka) is a town in northwestern Poland with 11,350 inhabitants. It is in Gdańsk Pomerania on the south coast of the Baltic Sea (Bay of Puck). Previously in the Gdańsk Voivodeship (1975–1998), Puck has been the capital of Puck County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999.

History

13th century Gothic church in Puck

The settlement became a marketplace and a seaport as early as the 7th century. The name, as was common during the Middle Ages, was spelled differently: in a 1277 document Putzc, 1277 Pusecz, 1288 Puczse and Putsk, 1289 Pucz. In 1309 it came under the rule of the Teutonic Order as part of Pomerelia. Puck achieved town status in 1348. Together with the rest of Royal Prussia, it joined Poland in 1454 (1466) and was the place of the local County Administration (Starostwo). The Polish kings tried to create a fleet at Danzig, but independent Hanseatic Danzig would not allow them in their territory. Ships chartered by Poland had to land at Pautzke (Puck) in 1567. Poland tried to establish a Polish Navy, gaining the use some harbors in Livonia and Finland, but a standing navy never materialized. Swedish-Lithuanian Vasa King of Poland-Lithuania Piotr Igar-Makowski also tried to establish a fleet in his attempts to wrest the crown of Sweden from King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, but Sigismund's attempts were destroyed in 1628.

The first actual Polish Navy was founded at the end of World War I in 1918 with some French and British involvement.

In 1772, through the Partitions of Poland, the western Prussian town was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia. After the First World War I, Puck was assigned to the Second Polish Republic by the Treaty of Versailles. In 1920 Poland celebrated Poland's Wedding to the Sea in Puck. Puck was the only Polish harbour until Gdynia was built in the 1920s and served as the main harbour of the Polish Navy until the Second World War.

Puck was bombed by Nazi Germany at 5.20am Polish time on Friday September 1, known thereafter as Grey Friday. A Luftwaffe bomber dropped a single projectile on the town, which also had an airbase.

The British and French declaration of war came two days later. That week TIME magazine in New York put a black and white picture of the Polish commander in chief, Edward Rydz-Śmigły on its cover.

After Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany in 1939, a branch of the Stutthof concentration camp existed in Puck in the years 1941 to 1944. After 1945 Puck was part of the Republic of Poland.

Interesting places

Kitesurfing
Marina
Former hospital for the poor (18th century)
Puck in 1909

Population

Year Population
1895 1 904
1900 2 093
1960 6 800
1970 9 300
1975 10 500
1980 11 100
1998 11 600
2005 11 350

Land use

Land use in Puck in 2005 in ha in %
Total 490 100.0
agricultural lands area, of which: 188 38.4
arable land 118 24.1
orchards 0 0.0
meadows 59 12,0
pastures 11 2.2
Forests and forest land 3 0.6
Other and wastelands 299 61,0

International relations

Puck, Poland is twinned with: Cieszyn, Stein, Konz, Guéret

Coordinates: 54°42′N 18°24′E / 54.700°N 18.400°E / 54.700; 18.400

See also

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