Protein arginine methyltransferase 5

PRMT5
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4GQB, 4X60, 4X61, 4X63, 5EML, 5FA5, 5EMJ, 5EMK, 5EMM, 5C9Z
Identifiers
Aliases	PRMT5, HRMT1L5, IBP72, JBP1, SKB1, SKB1Hs, Protein arginine methyltransferase 5
External IDs	MGI: 1351645 HomoloGene: 4454 GeneCards: PRMT5
EC number	2.1.1.125
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band No data available Start 22,920,511 bp[1] End 22,929,585 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2] Band No data available Start 54,507,187 bp[2] End 54,517,525 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • methyltransferase activity • transferase activity • histone methyltransferase activity (H4-R3 specific) • transcription corepressor activity • protein complex binding • methyl-CpG binding • core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding • protein binding • protein heterodimerization activity • ribonucleoprotein complex binding • histone-arginine N-methyltransferase activity • protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity • protein-arginine omega-N symmetric methyltransferase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • Golgi apparatus • nucleoplasm • protein complex • methylosome • nucleus • histone methyltransferase complex Biological process • regulation of mitotic nuclear division • positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • histone H4-R3 methylation • rhythmic process • DNA-templated transcription, termination • negative regulation of cell differentiation • peptidyl-arginine N-methylation • endothelial cell activation • circadian regulation of gene expression • transcription, DNA-templated • spliceosomal snRNP assembly • liver regeneration • methylation • peptidyl-arginine methylation • regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • regulation of DNA methylation • cell proliferation • Golgi ribbon formation • protein methylation • negative regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription • positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway • covalent chromatin modification • regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator • peptidyl-arginine methylation, to symmetrical-dimethyl arginine Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10419	27374
Ensembl	ENSG00000100462	ENSMUSG00000023110
UniProt	O14744	Q8CIG8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001039619 NM_001282953 NM_001282954 NM_001282955 NM_001282956 NM_006109	NM_013768 NM_001313906 NM_001313907
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001034708 NP_001269882 NP_001269883 NP_001269884 NP_001269885 NP_006100	NP_001300835 NP_001300836 NP_038796
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 22.92 – 22.93 Mb	Chr 14: 54.51 – 54.52 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRMT5 gene.^[5][6] PRMT5 symmetrically dimethylates H2AR3, H4R3, H3R2, and H3R8 in vivo, all of which are linked to a range of transcriptional regulatory events (Cell. Mol. Life Sci. (2015) 72:2041–2059 DOI 10.1007/s00018-015-1847-9)

PRMT5 is a highly conserved arginine methyltransferase that translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at embryonic day ~E8.5, and during preimplantation development at the ~4-cell stage.^[7]

Model organisms

Model organisms have been used in the study of PRMT5 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Prmt5^{tm2a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[13][14]} was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.^[15][16][17]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.^[11][18] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.^[11] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and therefore none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice but no further abnormalities were observed.^[11]

A conditional allele of Prmt5 in the mouse limb shows that it is essential for maintaining a progenitor population, as conditional mutants have limb defects ^[19]

Interactions

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 has been shown to interact with:

• CLNS1A,^[20][21][22]
• Janus kinase 2,^[23]
• SNRPD3,^[22]
• SUPT5H,^[24] and
• WD repeat-containing protein 77.^[20]

References

Further reading