Program Files

Program Files is the directory name of a standard folder in Microsoft Windows operating systems in which applications that are not part of the operating system are conventionally installed. Typically, each application installed under the 'Program Files' directory will have a subdirectory for its application-specific resources. Shared resources, for example resources used by multiple applications from one company, are typically stored in the 'Common Program Files' directory.

In a standard Windows installation, the 'Program Files' directory will be at %SystemDrive%\Program Files (or the localized equivalent thereof), and the 'Common Program Files' (or the localized equivalent thereof) will be a subdirectory under 'Program Files'. In Windows Vista and later, the paths to the 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' directories are not localized on disk. Instead, the localized names are NTFS junction points to the non-localized locations. Additionally, the Windows shell localizes the name of the Program Files folder depending on the system's user interface display language.

Both 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' can be moved. At system startup, the actual paths to 'Program Files' and 'Common Program Files' are loaded from the Windows registry, where they are stored in the ProgramFilesDir and CommonFilesDir values under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion. They are then made accessible to the rest of the system via the volatile environment variables %ProgramFiles%, and %CommonProgramFiles%. Applications can also obtain the locations of these paths by querying the Setup API using dirids, or through Windows Management Instrumentation, or by querying the shell using CSIDLs, or ShellSpecialFolderConstants. These are all localization-independent methods.

x86-64 versions of Windows have two folders for application files; 'Program Files' folder serves as the default installation target for 64-bit programs, while the 'Program Files (x86)' folder is the default installation target for 32-bit programs that need WoW64 emulation layer. While 64-bit Windows versions also have a %ProgramFiles(x86)% environment variable, the dirids and CSIDLs are not different between 32-bit and 64-bit environments; the APIs merely return different results, depending on whether the calling process is emulated or not.

To be backwards compatible with the 8.3 limitations of the old File Allocation Table filenames, the names 'Program Files', 'Program Files (x86)' and 'Common Program Files' are shortened by the system to progra~N and common~N, where N is a digit, a sequence number that on a clean install will be 1 (or 1 and 2 when both 'Program Files' and 'Program Files (x86)' are present).

If Windows is installed on an NTFS volume, by default, the 'Program Files' folder can only be modified by members of the 'Administrators' user groups. This can be an issue for programs created for Windows 9x. Those operating systems had no file system security, and programs could therefore also store their data in 'Program Files'. Programs that store their data in 'Program Files' will usually not run correctly on Windows NT systems with normal user privileges unless security is lowered for the affected subdirectories. Windows Vista addressed this issue by introducing File and Registry Virtualization.

Localization

Language of Windows	Name of the folder that stores program files	Name of the folder that stores shared program files
English	Program Files	Common Files
Arabic	Program Files	Common Files
Chinese (Simplified, Traditional, Taiwan)	Program Files	Common Files
Czech	Program Files	Common Files
Danish	Programmer	Fælles filer
Dutch	Program Files	Common Files
Finnish	Program Files	Common Files
French	Programmes *	Fichiers communs
German	Programme	Gemeinsame Dateien
Hebrew	Program Files	Common Files
Hellenic (Greek)	Αρχεία Εφαρμογών	Common Files
Hungarian	Programfájlok	Common Files
Italian	Programmi	File comuni
Japanese	Program Files	Common Files
Korean	Program Files	Common Files
Norwegian	Programfiler	Fellesfiler
Polish	Program Files (Pliki programów (x86) for WoW64)	Common Files
Portuguese	Programas	Ficheiros comuns
Portuguese (Brasil)	Arquivos de Programas	Arquivos comuns
Romanian	Program Files	Common Files
Russian	Program Files	Common Files
Spanish	Archivos de programa	Archivos comunes
Swedish	Program	Delade filer
Turkish	Program Files (Program Dosyaları (x86) for WoW64)	Common Files
* In Windows Vista and later versions. (The folder name was the same as in English in the older versions of Microsoft Windows.)

References

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Desktop	Microsoft Windows 9x NT CE MS-DOS MSX-DOS OS/2 Xenix
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Architecture	Turing machine Post–Turing machine Universal Turing machine Quantum Turing machine Belt machine Stack machine Register machine Counter machine Pointer machine Random access machine Random access stored program machine Finite-state machine Queue automaton Von Neumann Harvard (Modified) Dataflow TTA Cellular Artificial neural network Machine learning Deep learning Neural processing unit (NPU) Convolutional neural network Load/store architecture Register memory architecture Register register architecture Endianness FIFO Zero-copy NUMA HUMA HSA Heterogeneous computing Parallel computing Amorphous computing Reconfigurable computing Cognitive computing DNA computing Peptide computing Chemical computing Organic computing Wetware computer Quantum computing Neuromorphic computing Optical computing Reversible computing Unconventional computing Hypercomputation Ternary computer Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) Asymmetric multiprocessing (AMP) Cache hierarchy Memory hierarchy
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Flynn's taxonomy	SISD SIMD (SWAR) SIMT MISD MIMD SPMD Addressing mode
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Power management	APM ACPI Dynamic frequency scaling Dynamic voltage scaling Clock gating
Hardware security	Non-executable memory (NX bit) Bounds checking (Intel MPX) Intel Secure Key Hardware restriction (firmware) Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX) Trusted Execution Technology OmniShield Trusted Platform Module (TPM) Secure cryptoprocessor Hardware security module Hengzhi chip
Related	History of general-purpose CPUs

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Program Files

Localization

See also

References