List of heads of state of Bulgaria

Bulgaria
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Bulgaria

This is a list of the heads of state of the modern Bulgarian state, from the establishment of the Principality of Bulgaria to the present day.

It also lists the General Secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1946–1990. From 1946 onwards, the General Secretary was the country's de facto chief executive.

Principality of Bulgaria (1878–1908)

House of Battenberg (1879–1886)

Prince Reign Claim
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Reign start Reign end Duration
1 Alexander I
Александър I
(1857–1893)		 29 April 1879 7 September 1886
(Abdicated)		 7 years, 131 days Elected by the First Grand National Assembly

House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1887–1908)

Prince Reign Claim
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Reign start Reign end Duration
2 Ferdinand I
Фердинанд I
(1861–1948)		 7 July 1887 5 October 1908 21 years, 90 days Elected by the Third Grand National Assembly

Kingdom of Bulgaria (1908–1946)

House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1908–1946)

  Denotes Regent
Tsar Reign Claim
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Reign start Reign end Duration
1 Ferdinand I
Фердинанд I
(1861–1948)		 5 October 1908 3 October 1918
(Abdicated)		 9 years, 363 days Proclaimed himself as Tsar
2 Boris III
Борис III
(1894–1943)		 3 October 1918 28 August 1943 24 years, 329 days Son of Ferdinand I
3 Simeon II
Симеон II
(1937– )		 28 August 1943 15 September 1946
(Deposed)		 3 years, 18 days Son of Boris III
— Prince Kiril of Preslav
Кирил Преславски
(1895–1945)		 28 August 1943 9 September 1944
(Deposed)		 1 year, 12 days First Regency Council
For Simeon II
— Bogdan Filov
Богдан Филов
(1883–1945)
— Lt. General Nikola Mikhov
Никола Михов
(1891–1945)
— Todor Pavlov
Тодор Павлов
(1890–1977)		 9 September 1944 15 September 1946
(Deposed)		 2 years, 6 days Second Regency Council
For Simeon II
— Venelin Ganev
Венелин Ганев
(1880–1966)
— Tsvetko Boboshevski
Цвятко Бобошевски
(1884–1952)

People's Republic of Bulgaria (1946–1990)

Status
  Denotes Acting Head of State
Head of State Term of office Duration Political party
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Election Took office Left office
Chairman of the Provisional Presidency
1 Vasil Kolarov
Васил Коларов
(1877–1950)		 — 15 September 1946 9 December 1947 1 year, 85 days Bulgarian Communist Party
Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly
1 Mincho Neychev
Минчо Нейчев
(1887–1956)		 — 9 December 1947 27 May 1950 2 years, 169 days Bulgarian Communist Party
2 Georgi Damyanov
Георги Дамянов
(1892–1958)		 — 27 May 1950 27 November 1958
(Died in Office)		 8 years, 184 days Bulgarian Communist Party
— Georgi Kulishev
Георги Кулишев
(1885–1974)		 — 27 November 1958 30 November 1958 3 days Bulgarian Communist Party
— Nikolay Georgiev
Николай Георгиев
(1906–1988)		 — Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
3 Dimitar Ganev
Димитър Ганев
(1898–1964)		 — 30 November 1958 20 April 1964
(Died in Office)		 5 years, 142 days Bulgarian Communist Party
— Georgi Kulishev
Георги Кулишев
(1885–1974)		 — 20 April 1964 23 April 1964 3 days Bulgarian Communist Party
— Nikolay Georgiev
Николай Георгиев
(1906–1988)		 — Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
4 Georgi Traykov
Георги Трайков
(1898–1975)		 — 23 April 1964 7 July 1971 7 years, 75 days Bulgarian Agrarian National Union
Chairman of the State Council
1 Todor Zhivkov
Тодор Живков
(1911–1998)		 — 7 July 1971 17 November 1989 18 years, 133 days Bulgarian Communist Party
2 Petar Mladenov
Петър Младенов
(1936–2000)		 — 17 November 1989 3 April 1990 137 days Bulgarian Communist Party
Chairman (President) of the Republic
1 Petar Mladenov
Петър Младенов
(1936–2000)		 (Apr) 1990 3 April 1990 6 July 1990 94 days Bulgarian Socialist Party
— Stanko Todorov
Станко Тодоров
(1920–1996)		 — 6 July 1990 17 July 1990 11 days Bulgarian Socialist Party
— Nikolai Todorov
Николай Тодоров
(1921–2003)		 — 17 July 1990 1 August 1990 15 days Independent
2 Zhelyu Zhelev
Желю Желев
(1935–2015)		 (Jul-Aug) 1990 1 August 1990 15 November 1990 106 days Union of Democratic Forces

General Secretaries of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1946–1990)

General Secretary Term of office Notes
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Took office Left office Duration
1 Georgi Dimitrov
Георги Димитров
(1882–1949)		 December 1946 2 July 1949 2 years, 7 months Also Prime Minister (1946–1949)
2 Valko Chervenkov
Вълко Червенков
(1900–1980)		 2 July 1949 4 March 1954 4 years, 245 days Also Prime Minister (1950–1956)
3 Todor Zhivkov
Тодор Живков
(1911–1998)		 4 March 1954 10 November 1989 35 years, 251 days Also Prime Minister (1962–1971), and Chairman of the Council of State (1971–1989)
4 Petar Mladenov
Петър Младенов
(1936–2000)		 10 November 1989 2 February 1990 84 days Also Chairman of the Council of State (1989–1990)

Republic of Bulgaria (1990–present)

President Term of office Duration Political party
Nº Portrait Name
(Born–Died)		 Election Took office Left office
Chairman (President) of the Republic
(2) Zhelyu Zhelev
Желю Желев
(1935–2015)		 — 15 November 1990 22 January 1992 1 year, 68 days Union of Democratic Forces
President of the Republic
1 Zhelyu Zhelev
Желю Желев
(1935–2015)		 1992 22 January 1992 22 January 1997 5 years, 0 days Union of Democratic Forces
2 Petar Stoyanov
Петър Стоянов
(1952–)		 1996 22 January 1997 22 January 2002 5 years, 0 days United Democratic Forces
3 Georgi Parvanov
Георги Първанов
(1957–)		 2001
2006		 22 January 2002 22 January 2012 10 years, 0 days Bulgarian Socialist Party
4 Rosen Plevneliev
Росен Плевнелиев
(1964–)		 2011 22 January 2012 22 January 2017 5 years, 0 days GERB
5 Rumen Radev
Румен Радев
(1962–)		 2016 22 January 2017 Incumbent 211 days Independent[1]

Living former heads of state

There are three living former Bulgarian Presidents and one living former Tsar of Bulgaria:

Head of State titles

State Years Title
Principality of Bulgaria 1879–1908 Prince of Bulgaria
Kingdom of Bulgaria 1908–1946 Tsar of Bulgaria
People's Republic of Bulgaria 1946–1947 Chairman of the Provisional
Presidency
1947–1971 Chairman of the Presidium
of the National Assembly
1971–1990 Chairman of the State
Council
1990 Chairman (President) of
the Republic
Republic of Bulgaria 1990–1992
1992–present President of the Republic

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Supported by the Bulgarian Socialist Party.
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