Polykrikos kofoidii

Polykrikos kofoidii
A light micrograph of a bullet-shaped cell with a large spiral filament (the extruded nematocyst).
A light micrograph of Polykrikos kofoidii showing an extruded nematocyst. Scale bar = 10µm.[1]
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked): SAR
(unranked): Alveolata
Phylum: Dinoflagellata
Class: Dinophyceae
Order: Gymnodiniales
Family: Polykrikaceae
Genus: Polykrikos
Species: P. kofoidii
Binomial name
Polykrikos kofoidii
Chatton, 1914[2]

Polykrikos kofoidii is a species of phagotrophic marine pseudocolonial dinoflagellates that can capture and engulf other protist prey, including the toxic dinoflagellate, Alexandrium tamarense.[3][4] P. kofoidii is of scientific interest due to its status as a predator of other dinoflagellates, a behavior that is significant in the control of algal blooms.[5][6][7] It has a complex life cycle of both vegetative (asexual) and sexual reproduction complicated by its pseudocolonial structure.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Hoppenrath, M; Bachvaroff, TR; Handy, SM; Delwiche, CF; Leander, BS (25 May 2009). "Molecular phylogeny of ocelloid-bearing dinoflagellates (Warnowiaceae) as inferred from SSU and LSU rDNA sequences.". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9: 116. PMC 2694157 Freely accessible. PMID 19467154. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-116.
  2. ↑ M. Guiry (2015). M. D. Guiry & G. M. Guiry, eds. "Polykrikos kofoidii Chatton, 1914". AlgaeBase. National University of Ireland, Galway. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  3. ↑ Cho, Hyun-Jin; Kazumi Matsuoka (2000). "Cell lysis of a phagotrophic dinoflagellate, Polykrikos kofoidii feeding on Alexandrium tamarense". Plankton Biology and Ecology. 47 (2): 134–136.
  4. ↑ Hoppenrath, Mona; Brian S. Leander (2007). "Character evolution in polykrikoid dinoflagellates". Journal of Phycology. 43: 366–377. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00319.x.
  5. ↑ Gavelis, Gregory S.; White, Richard A.; Suttle, Curtis A.; Keeling, Patrick J.; Leander, Brian S. (17 July 2015). "Single-cell transcriptomics using spliced leader PCR: Evidence for multiple losses of photosynthesis in polykrikoid dinoflagellates". BMC Genomics. 16 (1). PMC 4504456 Freely accessible. PMID 26183220. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1636-8.
  6. ↑ Matsuyama, Y; Miyamoto, M; Kotani, Y (1999). "Grazing impacts of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii on a bloom of Gymnodinium catenatum". Aquatic Microbial Ecology. 17: 91–98. doi:10.3354/ame017091.
  7. ↑ JEONG, HAE JIN; KIM, SOO KYEONG; KIM, JAE SEONG; KIM, SEONG TAEK; YOO, YEONG DU; YOON, JOO YIH (May 2001). "Growth and Grazing Rates of the Heterotrophic Dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii on Red-Tide and Toxic Dinoflagellates". The Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 48 (3): 298–308. PMID 11411838. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00318.x.
  8. ↑ Tillmann, Urban; Hoppenrath, Mona (April 2013). "Life Cycle of the pseudocolonial dinoflagellate (Gymnodiniales, Dinoflagellata)". Journal of Phycology. 49 (2): 298–317. doi:10.1111/jpy.12037.


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