Law enforcement in Pakistan
The police logo of Pakistan.
Police honorary ribbon.
Law enforcement in Pakistan (Urdu: قانون نافذ کرنے والے ادارے) is one of the three main components of the criminal justice system of Pakistan, alongside the courts and the prisons.[1][2] In Pakistan, law enforcement is jointly carried out by the federal and provincial police services and other law enforcement agencies who form a chain leading from investigation of suspected criminal activity to administration of criminal punishment.[3] The court system is vested with the power to make legal determinations regarding the conduct of the other two components.[2]
Primarily operated through the four provincial governments and the Islamabad Capital Territory, each police service has a jurisdiction extending only within the relevant province or territory.[4] Apart from investigating crime scenes, criminal acts, suspected unlawful activities, and detention of suspected criminals pending judicial action, the law enforcement agencies (primarily police) also perform duties that include the service and enforcement of warrants, writs, and other orders of the courts.[3]
The law enforcement agencies are also involved in providing first response to emergencies and other threats to public safety as well as protecting the infrastructure and maintaining order in the country. At the federal level there are a number of law enforcement agencies including the Federal Investigation Agency, Intelligence Bureau, Anti Narcotics Force, National Counter Terrorism Authority, the National Highways and Motorway Police and the Railways Police.[3] The four provinces each have their own police services such as the Punjab Police, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police, Sindh Police, Balochistan Police. The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police services are supported by paramilitary units such as the Frontier Constabulary and Frontier Corps.[3] Each police force has a Commissioner of Police appointed as Inspector-General who are the most senior officers from the Police Service of Pakistan— a component of the Central Superior Services of Pakistan.[5]
Agencies
A constable of the Sindh Police in uniform with a handgun on his belt.
ANF officer checking passengers at Jinnah International Airport.
A young Pakistani Elite Police commando.
- Airports Security Force, Prompts safety of Civil Aviation through development of legal framework, practices, procedures, technical and human resources to prevent/respond to acts of unlawful interference within airport premises.
- Director General: Maj Gen Sohail Ahmad Khan HI(M)
- Deputy Director General: Brigadier Imran Ul Haq SI(M).
- Anti-Narcotics Force, A Federal Executive bureau of the Government of Pakistan, tasked with combating the narcotics smuggling and use within Pakistan.
- Director General: Major General Nasir Dilawar Shah
- Federal Investigation Agency, A border control, counter-intelligence and security agency under the Ministry of Interior of Pakistan, tasked with investigative jurisdiction on undertaking operations against terrorism, espionage, federal crimes, fascism, smuggling as well as infringement and other specific crimes.[6]
- Director General: Muhammad Amlish, PSP
- Special Security Unit : (SSU) is a specialized counterterrorism and security unit of the Sindh Police in Pakistan. It is a Karachi-based unit, with its operational jurisdiction extending throughout Sindh as a whole. It was established in 2010 in response to increased rates of terrorism. The unit reports to the IG Sindh and DIGP Security/Commandant Mr. Lt.(R) Maqsood Ahmed is the founding head of the unit
- Director : Lt.(R) Maqsood Ahmed
- Frontier Constabulary, (FCon) is a paramilitary police force responsible for maintaining law and order in Pakistan and dealing with Situations out of the capabilities of Normal Police Force of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It was Founded in the British Indian Empire in 1913, it was named after the former North-West Frontier Province.[3]
- Commandant: Liaqat Ali PSP, CFC/ IGFC
- National Crisis Management Cell (NCMC) is a primary domestic intelligence, assessment and management institution, operational under the Ministry of Interior (MoI)under the jurisdiction of the Government of Pakistan. Its other activities involve building efforts towards counter-intelligence, counter-proliferation, and counter-insurgency as well as assisting the Government at all levels of commands, in managing intelligence. In Punjab it retains a Special Surveillance Unit.
- Director General: Tariq Lodhi
- Director: Kashif Lali(SSU)Pb
- National Highways and Motorway Police, NH&MP is a police force in Pakistan that is responsible for enforcement of traffic and safety laws, security and recovery on Pakistan's National Highways and Motorway network. The NH&MP use SUVs, cars and heavy motorbikes for patrolling purposes and uses speed cameras for enforcing speed limits.
- Inspector General: Shaukat Hayat, PSP
- National Police Academy, a training centre for the senior officers of civilian police agencies
- Commandant: Fayyaz Leghari
- Pakistan Coast Guard, a paramilitary force operating along the coast of Pakistan
- Pakistan Railways Police, operating on the railway system of Pakistan
- Inspector General: Munir Chishti
- Pakistan Customs, operating on the Airports and Seaports of Pakistan.
- Directorate General of Intelligence and Investigation - FBR.
- Gilgit Baltistan Scouts, a paramilitary force operating along the northern cities of Pakistan
- Provincial
- Balochistan Police, operating in the Balochistan province[7][8]
- Inspector General: Amlish Khan
- Balochistan Constabulary, a reserve police unit of Balochistan police consisting of more than 10000 personnel.[8][9][10]
- Balochistan Levies, a paramilitary police force operating in 23 of Balochistan's 30 districts[8][11][12]
- Capital Territory Police, operating in the Islamabad Capital Territory
- Inspector General: Tahir Alam Khan
- Frontier Police, operating in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (formerly "North West Frontier Province")[13]
- Inspector General: Nasir Durrani
- Punjab Police, operating in the Punjab province[14]
- Inspector General: Mushtaq Sukhera
- Punjab Prisons (Pakistan)[15]
- Inspector General: Kokab Nadeem Warraich
- Sindh Police, operating in the Sindh province
- Inspector General: Allah Dino (AD) Khawaja
- Azad Jammu and Kashmir Police, operating in Azad Kashmir
- Inspector General: K.B Awan
- Gilgit-Baltistan Police, operating in Gilgit-Baltistan (formerly "Northern Areas")
- Inspector General: Zafar Iqbal Awan
- Police Qaumi Razakars:aid the police in their duties in all provinces.[16][17]
- Pakistan Rangers, a paramilitary force operating along the eastern provinces and borders of Pakistan
- Frontier Corps, a paramilitary force operating along the western provinces and borders of Pakistan
Designations of PSP officers
| Grade | Police Ranks | Directorial/Secretarial Appointment |
|---|---|---|
| BPS-17 |
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| BPS-18 |
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| BPS-19 |
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| BPS-20 |
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| BPS-21 |
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| BPS-22 |
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| BPS-SG |
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See also
- Federal Security Force, a defunct law enforcement agency
- List of cases of law enforcement brutality in Pakistan
References
- ↑ Manzoor, Saima; Manzoor, Akif; Manzoor, Asif (2014). Police in Pakistan. U.S.: Lulu publications. ISBN 110599032X. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- 1 2 Hassan, Abbas (2011). "Reforming Pakistan‘s Police and Law Enforcement Infrastructure" (PDF). www.usip.org/. U.S. Institute of Peace. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Our Partners". National Police Bureau, Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original on 2012-01-18. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
- ↑ Abbas, Hassan. "Police Reforms in Pakistan" (PDF). ispu.org. Hassan Abbas, special report published by USIP. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ↑ Jones, Mark; Johnstone, Peter (2011). "Time Capsule: Policing in pakistan". History of Criminal Justice (google books). New York, U.S.: Routledge. ISBN 131752246X. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
- ↑ "Terrorist's financing, FIA tracks down 18 bank accounts | Pakistan | Dunya News".
- ↑ "Vision". Balochistan Police. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
- 1 2 3 "Current Expenditure (2010-2011)". Government of Balochistan. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
- ↑ "Rs 152 bn Balochistan Budget 2010-11 presented". Government of Balochistan. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
- ↑ "Development project". Government of Balochistan. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
- ↑ "Levies force restored in Balochistan". Dawn Media Group. 15 April 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
- ↑ "Levies directorate". Government of Balochistan. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
- ↑ "History". Frontier Police. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
- ↑ "History". Punjab Police. Retrieved 2008-07-01.
- ↑ Official Website of Punjab Prisons (Pakistan) Archived 2010-03-26 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "THE PUNJAB QAUMI RAZAKARS ORDINANCE, 1965". Punjab Laws. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
- ↑ Faisal, Muhammad (4 March 2014). "Failure to check corruption: Police mull razakar force abolition". The Dawn. Retrieved 6 January 2015.
External links
- Pakistan Police Magazine an online English language community magazine covering the law enforcement organizations in Pakistan.
- Stabilizing Pakistan through Police reform
- Reforming Pakistan's police and law enforcement Hassan Abbas, United States Institute of Peace
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