Piero Gilardi

Piero Gilardi (born in Turin in 1942) is an visual artist. Born in Italy from a Swiss family, he studied at the Liceo Artistico in Turin. In an interview with LeGrace G. Benson, Gilardi stated that his personal encounter with artist Michelangelo Pistoletto and others helped him in the development of his own artwork (in parallel with that of American Pop Art). While trying to comprehend the cybernetic idea of feedback and the scientific rational behind man's mental synthesis, his perspective on reality changed; he then focused on the fluxus and relationship of things around him.^[1]

A catalytic figure in the Arte Povera movement, concentrated in Turin in the late 1960s, Gilardi's utopian and unselfish dedication to connecting neo-avant garde artists across Western Europe and North America made him one of the most influential artistic figures of the period, albeit not the most famous. He became known in the international scene and witnessed the impact of Pop Art Europe. Itinerant artist, theorist, and organizer, he contributed to the birth of Arte Povera, especially working to establish relationships with other similar initiatives that occurred simultaneously outside Italy, supporting the work artists such as Richard Long and Jan Dibbets, introducing the one of Bruce Nauman and Eva Hesse in Europe.

His uncompromising commitment in favor of closer ties between art and life pushed for action in the fields of psychiatry and anthropology; Gilardi experimented with collective forms of political theater, workshops, and activist struggles with the workers of Fiat and against the implementing of TAV (Treni Alta Velocità: High Speed Trains) in the years 1970–80.

During the 2000s, Gilardi initiated the project "Art Park living "center outdoor art installed in Turin, that welcomed artists ( Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster, Gilles Clément, Almarcegui Lara, Michel Blazy ...) but also scientists and especially the public, invited to participate directly. Piero Gilardi appears as an iconic figure of developments in art and society over the past five decades; his work and theoretical research can always assess the potential for art to be effective in the real. ^{[Retrospective Monograph: Piero Gilardi 1][2]}

Early Works

1960s

In 1963 he made his debut with an exhibition of Neodadaist Macchine per il Futuro ^[3] at Galleria L'Immagine of Turin. He gained fame with the nature Carpets in 1965 : these are works made of polyurethane, which reproduce in a very realistic style and fragments of natural environment for recreational purposes, but also to report to a style of life which, with the passage of time becomes more and more artificial (Greto of stream, Gallery of Modern Art, Cagliari). These rugs were exposed to Hamburg, Amsterdam, Brussels, Cologne, Milan, New York City, and Paris. From 1968 Gilardi stopped the production of works to participate in the theoretical development of new artistic trends: Arte Povera, Land Art and Antiform, participating in the years 1967 – 1968 as a contributor to the realization of the first two international shows of the new trend of Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam such as the Kunsthalle in Bern (Switzerland). The Stedelijk Museum displays date, in the section dedicated to the history of the museum, part of the correspondence between Gilardi and Wim Beeren, one of the curators of the museum.^[4]

From 1968 and for all the seventies to his artistic activity is accompanied by the formation of political activism in the so-called New Left (or far left), covering the artistic movements of the collective creativity and spontaneous, and working in various social environments, where it offers its contribution in the animation's cultural base. Lives creative experiences not only in Italy but also in Nicaragua, in various countries of Africa and in the territories of Native Americans in the United States of America .^[4]

1970s

He was into creating social relations through art. Gilardi was involved with the occurrence of collective and spontaneous creativity by working in many social contexts.

1980s

He experimented with new technological languages and began to create a series of "virtual reality" art works. ^[5] He returned to full artistic production from 1981, telling his own artistic and ideological in a text entitled From art to life, from life to art, published in 1981.

From 1985 he began an artistic research with new technologies through the development of the project "IXIANA" which was presented at the Parc de la Villette in Paris, a technological park in which the general public could experience in an artistic sense of digital technologies. Over the last few years has developed a series of interactive multimedia with an intense international activity. Along with Claude Faure and Piotr Kowalski, formed the International Association "Ars Technica", association connected to the Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie uniting philosophers, artists, scientists such as Jean-Marc Levy-Leblond, Jean-Louis Boissier, Jean-Max Albert, Sara Holt, Jean-Claude Mocik reflecting on the relationship between art and new technologies.^[6]

As head of the Italian section of Ars Technica promotes international exhibitions in Turin "Arslab. Methods and Emotion" (1992), "Arslab. Senses of Virtual" (1995), "Arslab. The mazes of the body in the game "(1999) and numerous opportunities for study in new media.

After Arte Povera in Italy

Piero Gilardi moved away from the notions of Arte Povera and has completely revamped his work (however, still incorporating nature into his pieces). He is more involved in environmental work and has focused on the importance of interaction and community in the social sphere.

Most of the recent work of Gilardi is united by a theme, or the interactions between work and spectator. Among the various creations remember to install pulse, in which the heartbeat of the observer of the work – recorded by a sensor – determines changes the whole; Absolut, forest of synthetic materials, translucent and cold shared emotion, nvolves two people in a performance interactive computing, referring to new approaches and exchange in society: virtual and globalized.

Gilardi has devoted the last 10 years to his most ambitious endeavor to date, the Parco Arte Vivente (Park of Living Art or PAV). A collaborative effort that grew from Gilardi's design, PAV is a monumental undertaking that transformed a disused parcel of land in the heart of Turin's working-class Lingotto district into a six-acre green space devoted to community, environmental, and artistic concerns. Commissioned earthworks by Dominique Gonzalez-Foerster and Lara Almarcegui define the site and provide an ongoing place of exploration for city residents and visitors alike.^[7]

Working on the project of Living Art Park of the City of Turin since 2002, of which he was president. He is currently a member of the Artistic Direction of the project.^[4]

Artworks

Nature Carpets

The nature carpets were created in the post-pop period of the late '60s. These are horizontal segments of nature reproduced with foam rubber, allowing for a real tactile and bodily experiencing of the works. The illustrated work "Uragano" (Hurricane), made in 1989, evokes a tropical terrain – a banana grove – with the evidence of the aftermath of a storm. The nature of these "carpets" is therefore that of capturing the accidentalness and chaoticness of things, thus reminding us of the biological cycle of life/death.

Installations

Between 1988 and 2001, the artist addressed his research to the field of the new media art, initially creating interactive multimedia installations, followed by those of "Virtual Reality". The characteristic that this cycle of works has in common is that of involving as many people as possible in the interactive technology, placing in evidence the relational component in the sharing of the virtual and digital dimension. The illustrated work "Connected Es" is characterized by the offer of bodily interfacing with devices for measuring one's breathing and heart-beat, leading to an intense emotional attuning. "CONNECTED ES" Interactive Installation of Virtual Reality. Technical Collaborator: Ennio Bertrand. 5x5m space required.

Ixiana Project

This is a project (not achieved) of an "artistic-technological park" developed with a large group of artists and designers in the field of new media art, during the second half of the '80s, for Parc de La Villette in Paris. The project was centered around an enormous inhabitable sculpture, containing a virtual creative path dedicated to the five senses, and representing a "giant child" stretched out lying upon a grassy field. The illustration shows a segment of the sculpture with the various "stations" of the interior path culminating in the head, the quarters for the telematic network connections.

Park of Living Art

As of 2002, a space has been opened in Turin where it is possible to create an art park. The author, also based on experience accumulated in elaborating the IXIANA project, then developed a new idea coherent with the new goals of artistic research, with particular reference to Life Science Art. Before the successive elaboration on behalf of the current Planning Group, the proposal of the Eco Park of Art was presented on two levels: a higher open-air level, with a path of artistic installations on the grassy grounds and an underground level, with a series of rooms and laboratories for free expression. ^[8]

Books

Published two books: "Dall'arte alla vita, dalla vita all'arte" (From art to life, from life to art), (1981) "Not for Sale", (2000)^[5]

"Not for Sale" (Mazzotta, Milan 2000 and Les Presses du réel, Dijon 2003).

He writes articles for various art magazines, such as Juliet and Flash Art.

Current

Member of the Artistic Direction Committee ^[5]

Exhibitions

Solo Exhibitions

1967 – Gallery Ileana Sonnabend, Paris.
1967 – Gallery Zwirner, Koln.
1967 – Gallery Sperone, Milan
1967 – Gallery Fischbach, New York
1991 – Gallery Sperone Westeater, New York
1998 – Gallery Massimo Minini, Brescia
1999 – Loggetta Lombardesca, Ravenna.
2006 – Civic Gallery of Modena
2009 – Semiose galerie, Paris.
2010 - leçon de choses, CCC-Centre de Création Contemporaine, Tours 2012 - Collaborative Effects, Van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven 2012 - Effetti Colaborativi, Castello de Rivoli, Turin 2013 - Collaborative Effects, Nottingham Contemporary, Nottingham

Group Exhibitions

1967 – Salon de Mai, Paris
1968 – Group Exhibition, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
1987 – "Terrae Motus" Grand Palais, Paris
1988 – Seoul Olympic Park, Seoul
1990 – "La otra scultura" Palacio de Cristallo, Madrid
1992 – "Artifices II", Paris.
1993 – "Artec 93", Nagoya.
1993 – 45th Biennial of Venice
1995 – "Multimediale 4", Karlsruhe, Germany.
1996 – "Art & Fashion", Biennial of Florence.

2000 – "Il sentimento del 2000" Triennial, Milan
2000 – "There is no spirit in painting", Le Consortium, Dijon.
2001/2- "Zero to infinity: Arte Povera 1962–1972" Tate Modern, London; Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington
2001 – "Arte povera oggi" (Poor Art Today) Italian Culture Institute, London.
2001 – "L'arte elettronica. Metamorfosi e metafore" (Electronic Art, metamorphosis and metaphors) Civic Gallery of Modern Art, Ferrara.
2001 – "Media Connection", Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome.
2001 – "Le tribù dell'arte", (Art Tribes) City Gallery of Modern Art, Rome

2002 – "Techne 02. Tra arte e tecnologia" (Between Art and Technology) Spazio Oberdan, Milan.
2003 – "Fragments d'un discours italien" Musée d'Art Moderne e Contemporain, Geneva
2003 – "Coolustre", Collection Lambert en Avignon
2003 – "Inverosimile", installation à la Biennial d'Art Contemporain de Lyon
2003 – "Flower Power" Musée d'Art Moderne, Lille
2006 – "Interdependence" City Gallery of Modena
^[9]

Notes