Philip of Burgundy (bishop)

Philip of Burgundy by Jacques Le Boucq, after an original by Jan Gossaert.

Nepture and Amphitrite by Jan Gossaert in the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin. The Neptune of the painting is a symbolic personification of Philip's admiralty

Philip of Burgundy (1464 in Brussels – 7 April 1524 in Wijk bij Duurstede) was Admiral of the Netherlands from 1498 to 1517 and bishop of Utrecht from 1517 to 1524.

Philip was an illegitimate son of Duke Philip the Good, and a half-brother to bishop of Utrecht David of Burgundy. In 1486 he was knighted and in 1491 he single-handedly killed an opponent. He was at the head of the Burgundian army in the Sticht and, as such, refused to carry out David's burial as long as the election of a Burgundian-favoured successor had not been arranged. He was appointed admiral in 1498 by Philip I of Castile and after an expedition to Rome in 1508 he settled in the castle Souburg on Walcheren.

In a politically motivated move, Philip was appointed bishop of Utrecht by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor to replace Frederick IV of Baden. When he made his entrance into Utrecht he had not received any kind of ordination; these were given to him in the following days. He led a luxurious life in the episcopal residence, Duurstede Castle, taking a particular interested in weaponry, women and horses. He was a true renaissance-ruler, and was little concerned with religious matters, which he delegated to his servants. He ignored the rising Lutheranism.

Philip's politics were not very successful; he left much to his councillors and had trouble keeping himself standing in the midst of the faction-struggles in the bishopric. During his rule the Oversticht was largely lost in the Guelders War between the Empire and Guelders. The bishopric maintained only Hasselt, Steenwijk and Oldenzaal.

Philips only positive contribution was his patronage of the arts. For years he maintained the painter Jan Gossaert and the humanist Gelderhouwer, and he acted as a protector of Erasmus. He also was the sculptor Conrad Meit's first employer in the Low Countries. He also owned works by Hieronymous Bosch.

Sources

• Sicking, L. (1998). Zeemacht en onmacht, Maritieme politiek in de Nederlanden, 1488–1558. De Bataafse Leeuw, Amsterdam. ISBN 90-6707-465-9.