Patwardhan

Patwardhan may refer to the surname most commonly used by members of Indian Chitpavan Brahmin families.[1]

Patwardhan Dynasty

The Patwardhan Dynasty refers to the Indian Dynasty established by an Indian Chitpavan Brahmin family, whose members controlled several jagirs in the Maratha Empire and several small princely states in British India. The jagirs and princely states ruled by Patwardhan families include Jamkhandi, Kurundvad Senior, Kurundvad Junior, Miraj Senior, Miraj Junior, Tasgaon and Sangli.

The Miraj fort was given to a Patwardhan family by Madhavrao Peshwa as a reward to Govind hari Patwardhan as bhehada (jagir) for fighting in the wars and providing troop.

History

The Patwardhan dynasty of Sangli is descended from Govind Hari Patwardhan (1741–1771) and his brothers Trimbak Hari and Ramchandra Hari, three military commanders of the Maratha Empire. They and their armies expanded the southern frontier of the empire to the Tungabhadra River. They were each rewarded for their efforts with a jagir, together covering all the land between the Tungabhadra and Krishna Rivers. Although significantly reduced in size, their jagirs were later to be raised to the status of states under the British Raj, and the rajas of Jamkhandi, Kurundwad, Miraj and Sangli were all lineal descendants of the Patwardhan brothers.

Gopalrao Patwardhan son of Govid Hari was a very influential in court of Madhavrao Peshwa.

Ramchandra established the capital of his jagir at Tasgaon, while Trimbak chose Kurundwad. Govind, the eldest brother, established his capital at Miraj and resided there until his death on 21 November 1771. He had four sons: Gopalrao, Wamanrao, Pandurangrao and Gangadharrao. His jagir was inherited by Wamanrao, as his eldest son Gopalrao had died in battle on 17 January the same year, prior to his own death. Wamanrao also died young, on 2 October 1775, and Pandurangrao succeeded him.

When the First Anglo-Maratha War broke out, Pandurangrao's brother Parshuram Bhau, a general in the Marathi army, gained great distinction among the peshwa's generals for successful ventures against the British. Pandurangrao was less successful, and was captured during battle against the forces of Hyder Ali of Mysore; he died in prison on 4 November 1777. Pandurangrao's eldest son, Hariharrao, at that time a minor, succeeded to the jagir, with his uncle Parshurambhau appointed regent. In 1779, Parshurambhau gained further favour with the peshwa when he led a successful operation against British forces under General Thomas Goddard. In 1783, Parshurambhau had the jagadir Hariharrao replaced by his younger brother Chintamanrao, who was nine years old at the time, and thus preserved his own term as regent.

After the Treaty of Salbai aligned the Marathi with the British, the three Patwardhan chiefs lent their armies in the British campaign against Tipu Sultan. They gained a reputation of heroism and success in battle. Their contributions became highly valued by the British, and in 1804 Arthur Wellesley called the Patwardhans "the most ancient friends that the British Government have in the Maratha Empire" and "the most respectable of all the Peshwa's subjects properly so called".

Chintamanrao eventually founded the state of Sangli, while Parshurambhau founded the state of Jamkhandi.

The Karhade Patwardhans[2] only belong to the Kashyapa and Naidhruva Gotra and their history in the Rajapur region of the Konkan dates back to 1191 A.D. Copper plate grants have been recovered from the region, which also points to a Gurjar element in these settlers. Today the Karhade Patwardhans are also known by some other surnames such as Gurjar, Padhye, Bhat, Degwekar, Shouche and Huzurbazar.

Royal Patwardhan families

The Patwardhan rulers were of the Chitpavan Brahmin caste, originally from the Kotawda (Kotawde) in Ratnagiri. Haribhat, who was the family priest of another Chitpavan Brahmin, the chief of Ichalkaranji. Three of Haribhat's sons served Peshwa and distinguished themselves during various conquests. The Peshwa awarded them Jagirs of Jamkhandi, Miraj Junior, Miraj Senior, Sangli, Kurundvad Junior and Kurundvad Senior, to honor their bravery and courage.[3]

Kurundwad

Kurundwad Sr.

Kurundwad Jr.

Kurundwad Jr.1
Kurundwad Jr.2

Miraj

Miraj Senior
Miraj Junior

Sangli

Chinchanikar

Tasgaon

Tasgaon was lapsed under Lord Dalhousie's Doctrine Lapse.

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ | The Marathas 1600-1818, Part 2, Volume 4 By Stewart Gordon
  2. ↑ D.R.Bhandarkar - Foreign Elements in the Hindu Population (1968), p 37.
  3. ↑ Jadeja, Arjunsinh (22 October 2013). "The migrant rulers of Jamkhandi" (Bangalore). Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2 February 2015.

See also

This article incorporates text from a work in the public domain: Dattatraya Balavanta Parasanisa (1917). The Sangli state. Nabu Press. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-1-177-28949-8. 

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