John Passmore Edwards

John Passmore Edwards

Portrait of John Passmore Edwards by George Frederic Watts, 1894
Born (1823-03-24)24 March 1823
Blackwater, Cornwall, England
Died 22 April 1911(1911-04-22) (aged 88)
Occupation journalist and philanthropist

John Passmore Edwards (24 March 1823 – 22 April 1911)[1][2] was a British journalist, newspaper owner and philanthropist. The son of a carpenter, he was born in Blackwater, a small village between Redruth and Truro in Cornwall, England.

Early life

His mother's maiden name was Passmore, and she originated from Newton Abbot, Devon.

Journalist

He became the Manchester representative of the London Sentinel, a weekly newspaper opposed to the Corn Law.[1] He was a Liberal Member of Parliament for Salisbury.

He became the editor of a leading London newspaper The Echo, which he had bought in 1876. His publishing ventures had been failures for a time, but his 1862 purchase of Building News led to profitability; this was followed by Mechanics Magazine and a share in the daily Echo. He eventually sold two thirds of his share in The Echo to Andrew Carnegie to follow a political and social agenda. However, they disagreed and he bought it back and restored his editor in 1886. The paper closed in 1905.[1]

Politics

He was a delegate to the Peace Congresses in Brussels, Paris and Frankfurt (from 1848 to 1850). He stood as an Independent candidate for Truro in the General Election of 1868. He did not win this seat but in 1880 he gained the parliamentary seat of Salisbury. However, he soon became a bit sceptical about the quality of professional politics and the inability of politicians to effectively represent the interests of their constituents. He twice refused knighthood, and his opposition to the Second Boer War made him somewhat unpopular.

Philanthropy

Passmore Edwards caricatured by Ape in Vanity Fair, 1885

A lifelong champion of the working classes, Passmore Edwards is remembered as a generous benefactor. Over the space of 14 years, 70 major buildings were established as a direct result of his bequests. These included hospitals, 11 drinking fountains, 32 marble busts, 24 libraries,[1] schools, convalescence homes and art galleries and the Passmore Edwards Settlement in Tavistock Place. He was also a generous donor to the Workers' Educational Association.[1] Many of Passmore Edwards' buildings were designed by the architect Maurice Bingham Adams, who was also the editor of one of his journals, Building News.[3]

He also gave money to many hospitals including Tilbury Hospital next to Tilbury Dock Essex, where he built a ward which was named after him. Wards in Wembley Cottage Hospital and Willesden General were also named after him. He also donated his earnings to a Fountain in Hoxton Square, Shoreditch, London. This fountain is regularly frequented by the local community and is considered a historical landmark in an area that finds itself becoming more and more detached from its history. Upon reading John Passmore Edward's plaque, the community believe he would smile on and embrace knowing that what he left behind was being used for the enjoyment of like minded individuals.

Legacy

Many of the buildings that he paid for are still in use for their original purpose. A bust of Passmore Edwards by Sir George Frampton was rescued from the basement of Hoxton Library and unveiled in May 2007 at the Passmore Edwards Library in St. Ives, Cornwall.[4]

As well as London libraries such as at East Dulwich and Edmonton, he gave the public library buildings in Devon at Newton Abbot and in Cornwall at Bodmin, Camborne, Falmouth, Launceston, Liskeard, Penzance, Redruth, St Ives and Truro.[5]

The Passmore Edwards Public Library in Shepherd's Bush, London, is now the home of the Bush Theatre, which moved there in October 2011.[6]

The Epilepsy Society's main administrative build is Passmore Edwards House, a Grade II listed building.[7]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 ODNB article by A. J. A. Morris, ‘Edwards, John Passmore (1823–1911)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, May 2006 , accessed 15 Nov 2007.
  2. ↑ "EDWARDS, John Passmore". Who's Who. Vol. 59. 1907. p. 541.
  3. ↑ Ewing, H. The Passmore Edwards Public Libraries in London: A Study in Patronage and the Development of a Typology (1998).
  4. ↑ West Briton, 15 November 2007, Page 43: Letter from the Head of Cornwall County Library service, Chris Ramsey " Library Honours philanthropist".
  5. ↑ Cornwall Calling website - List of famous people (accessed 17 November 2007). The site notes many other buildings in Cornwall helped by his benefaction.
  6. ↑ www.officiallondontheatre.co.uk Retrieved November 2011
  7. ↑ Retrieved on 01.09.2016

Bibliography

Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Granville Richard Ryder
John Alfred Lush		 Member of Parliament for Salisbury
1880–1885
With: William Grenfell (1880–1882)
Coleridge John Kennard (1882–1885)		 Succeeded by
William Grenfell
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