Palladium on carbon

Palladium on carbon
Names
IUPAC name
Palladium
Other names
Palladium on carbon, Pd/C, Pd-C
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
EC Number 231-115-6
UNII
Properties
Pd
Molar mass 106.42
Appearance Black powder
Solubility Aqua regia
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Palladium on carbon, often referred to as Pd/C, is a form of palladium used as a catalyst.[1] The metal is supported on activated carbon in order to maximize its surface area and activity.

Uses

Catalytic hydrogenation

Palladium on carbon is used for catalytic hydrogenations in organic synthesis. Examples include reductive amination,[2] carbonyl reduction, nitro compound reduction, and the reduction of imines and Schiff bases.[1]

Coupling reactions

Palladium on carbon is also used for coupling reactions. Examples include the Suzuki reaction and Stille reaction.[3]

Preparation

Palladium chloride and hydrochloric acid are added to a warmed, aqueous suspension of activated carbon.[4] Formaldehyde is then added to the solution followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. Finally the catalyst filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried over potassium hydroxide. Palladium loading is typically between 5% and 10%.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Nishimura, Shigeo (2001). Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis (1st ed.). Newyork: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 34–38. ISBN 9780471396987.
  2. ↑ Romanelli, Michael G.; Becker, Ernest I. (1967). "Ethylp-dimethylaminophenylacetate". Organic Syntheses. 47: 69. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.047.0069.
  3. ↑ Liebeskind, Lanny S.; Peña-Cabrera, Eduardo (2000). "Stille couplings catalyzed by palladium-on-carbon with CuI as a co-catalyst: synthesis of 2-(4'-Acetylhenyl)thiophene". Organic Syntheses. 77: 138. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.077.0135.
  4. ↑ Mozingo, Ralph (1946). "Palladium catalysts". Organic Syntheses. 26: 77. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.026.0077.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.