Huis ten Bosch palace

Huis ten Bosch

Huis ten Bosch in 2012
Huis ten Bosch is located in the west of the Netherlands
Location of Huis ten Bosch in the Netherlands
General information
Type Palace
Architectural style Dutch Baroque
Location The Hague, Netherlands
Address Haagse Bos 10
Coordinates 52°5′35″N 4°20′38″E / 52.09306°N 4.34389°E / 52.09306; 4.34389Coordinates: 52°5′35″N 4°20′38″E / 52.09306°N 4.34389°E / 52.09306; 4.34389
Current tenants Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
Groundbreaking 2 September 1645
Renovated 1734–1737
Client Amalia of Solms-Braunfels
Owner Government of the Netherlands
Design and construction
Architect Pieter Post
Renovating team
Architect Daniel Marot

Huis ten Bosch (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦœy̯s tɛm bɔs]; English: "House in the Woods") is a royal palace in The Hague in the Netherlands. It is one of three official residences of the Dutch Royal Family, the other two being Noordeinde Palace in The Hague and the Royal Palace in Amsterdam.

Huis ten Bosch was the home of former Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands from 1981 to 2014;[1] the current King Willem-Alexander and his family have announced plans to move into the palace in the near future.[2] A replica of the palace was built in Sasebo, Japan, in a theme park bearing the same name.

History

17th and 18th century

Construction of Huis ten Bosch began on 2 September 1645, under the direction of Bartholomeus Drijffhout,[3] and to a design by Pieter Post and Jacob van Campen. It was commissioned by Amalia of Solms-Braunfels, the wife of stadtholder Frederick Henry, on a parcel of land granted to her by the States General (Loonstra 1983, Slothouwer 1945). The first stone was laid by Elizabeth of Bohemia.

The Orange Hall (Dutch: Oranjezaal) in Huis ten Bosch

After her husband's death in 1647, Amalia dedicated the palace to him. Led by the Catholic architect-painters Jacob van Campen and Pieter Post, other major Catholic artists of the day such as Gerard van Honthorst, Jacob Jordaens, Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert, Theodoor van Thulden, Caesar van Everdingen, Salomon de Bray, Pieter Soutman, Gonzales Coques, Pieter de Grebber, Adriaen Hanneman and Jan Lievens filled the Oranjezaal ("Orange Hall" ) with paintings glorifying the late prince. Between 1734 and 1737 the architect Daniel Marot added two wings to the palace, including a new dining room.

Over the next century and a half, the palace would change possession from the Nassau family, the king of Prussia, and many stadtholders until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. The government of the newly created Batavian Republic gave the palace to the Batavian (Dutch) people who still own it to this day.

Design of the garden of Huis ten Bosch by the architect Daniël Marot

19th and 20th century

The National Art Gallery, predecessor of the Rijksmuseum, was housed in the building from 1800 to 1805. Napoleon Bonaparte's brother, Louis, king of Holland, briefly lived in the palace between 1805 and 1807.

When William Frederick, Prince of Orange-Nassau, the only surviving son of the last stadtholder, was proclaimed King of the Netherlands as William I in 1815, he made Huis ten Bosch Palace one of his official residences. It became a favourite location for many members of the Royal Family. In 1899 the palace was the site of several meetings of the First International Peace Conference at The Hague. During World War I it became the primary residence of Queen Wilhelmina.

The Queen and her family were forced to evacuate the palace for Britain (from which the Queen's family, but not the Queen herself, would move on to Canada) when the German army invaded the Netherlands during World War II. The Nazi administration planned to demolish the palace, but the controller convinced them otherwise. However, the palace was damaged beyond habitation.

Between 1950 and 1956, the palace was restored and once again became a Royal residence. It became the prime residence once more in 1981.

The palace has undergone major reconstructions since it was built. Currently, it consists of a central part with two long wings, spanning approximately 110 m from end to end.

References

  1. ↑ http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2014/02/princess_beatrix_moves_into_ne.php
  2. ↑ Huis ten Bosch Palace at "The Official Website of the Dutch Royal House in English", maintained by the Netherlands Government Information Service
  3. ↑ Stenvert, R. et al. (2004). Monumenten in Nederland: Zuid-Holland, p. 227–228. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers. ISBN 90-400-9034-3.
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