PRKRA
Protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator, also known as interferon-inducible double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activator A or Protein ACTivator of the interferon-induced protein kinase (PACT) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRKRA gene.[5][6][7] PACT heterodimerizes with and activates protein kinase R.[6][8] PRKRA mutations have been linked to a rare form of dystonia parkinsonism.[9]
References
- 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000180228 - Ensembl, May 2017
- 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002731 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: PRKRA protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator".
- 1 2 Patel RC, Sen GC (August 1998). "PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR". EMBO J. 17 (15): 4379–90. PMC 1170771
. PMID 9687506. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.15.4379. - ↑ Ito T, Yang M, May WS (May 1999). "RAX, a cellular activator for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during stress signaling". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (22): 15427–32. PMID 10336432. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15427.
- ↑ Huang X, Hutchins B, Patel RC (August 2002). "The C-terminal, third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR)". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 1): 175–86. PMC 1222748 . PMID 11985496. doi:10.1042/BJ20020204.
- ↑ Camargos S, Scholz S, Simón-Sánchez J, Paisán-Ruiz C, Lewis P, Hernandez D, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Cookson MR, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Oliveira CR, Lees A, Hardy J, Cardoso F, Singleton AB (March 2008). "DYT16, a novel young-onset dystonia-parkinsonism disorder: identification of a segregating mutation in the stress-response protein PRKRA". Lancet Neurology. 7 (3): 207–215. PMID 18243799. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70022-X.
Further reading
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. PMID 8125298. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. PMID 9373149. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3.
- Peters GA, Hartmann R, Qin J, et al. (2001). "Modular structure of PACT: distinct domains for binding and activating PKR". Mol Cell Biol. 21 (6): 1908–20. PMC 86773 . PMID 11238927. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.6.1908-1920.2001.
- Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. PMC 311072 . PMID 11230166. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R.
- Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. PMC 1083732 . PMID 11256614. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058.
- Horng T, Barton GM, Medzhitov R (2001). "TIRAP: an adapter molecule in the Toll signaling pathway". Nat. Immunol. 2 (9): 835–41. PMID 11526399. doi:10.1038/ni0901-835.
- Huang X, Hutchins B, Patel RC (2002). "The C-terminal, third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR)". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 1): 175–86. PMC 1222748 . PMID 11985496. doi:10.1042/BJ20020204.
- Peters GA, Khoo D, Mohr I, Sen GC (2002). "Inhibition of PACT-mediated activation of PKR by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein". J. Virol. 76 (21): 11054–64. PMC 136652 . PMID 12368348. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.21.11054-11064.2002.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899.
- Yang M, Ito T, May WS (2003). "A novel role for RAX, the cellular activator of PKR, in synergistically stimulating SV40 large T antigen-dependent gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 38325–32. PMID 12874289. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303420200.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. PMID 14702039. doi:10.1038/ng1285.
- Bennett RL, Blalock WL, May WS (2004). "Serine 18 phosphorylation of RAX, the PKR activator, is required for PKR activation and consequent translation inhibition". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (41): 42687–93. PMID 15299031. doi:10.1074/jbc.M403321200.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504.
- Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, et al. (2005). "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4". Nature. 434 (7034): 724–31. PMID 15815621. doi:10.1038/nature03466.
- Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. PMID 16169070. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. PMID 16189514. doi:10.1038/nature04209.
- Peters GA, Li S, Sen GC (2006). "Phosphorylation of specific serine residues in the PKR-activation domain of PACT is essential for its ability to mediate apoptosis". J Biol Chem. 281 (46): 35129–36. PMID 16982605. doi:10.1074/jbc.M607714200.
- Rowe TM, Rizzi M, Hirose K, Peters GA, et al. (2006). "A role of the double-stranded RNA-binding protein PACT in mouse ear development and hearing". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103 (15): 5823–8. PMC 1458657 . PMID 16571658. doi:10.1073/pnas.0601287103.
- Li S, Peters GA, Ding K, et al. (2006). "Molecular basis for PKR activation by PACT or dsRNA". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103 (26): 10005–10. PMC 1502496 . PMID 16785445. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602317103.
- Lee Y, Hur I, Park SY, et al. (2006). "The role of PACT in the RNA silencing pathway". EMBO J. 25 (3): 522–32. PMC 1383527 . PMID 16424907. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600942.
- Bennett RL, Blalock WL, Abtahi DM, et al. (2006). "RAX, the PKR activator, sensitizes cells to inflammatory cytokines, serum withdrawal, chemotherapy, and viral infection". Blood. 108 (3): 821–9. PMC 1617065 . PMID 16861340. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-11-006817.
- Peters GA, Seachrist DD, Keri RA, et al. (2009). "The double-stranded RNA-binding protein, PACT, is required for postnatal anterior pituitary proliferation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106 (26): 10696–701. PMC 2705576 . PMID 19541653. doi:10.1073/pnas.0900735106.
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