Pakistan International Airlines Flight 661

Pakistan International Airlines Flight 661 (PK661/PIA661) was a domestic passenger flight from Chitral to Islamabad that crashed near Havelian on 7 December 2016.^[1][2][3] There were forty-two passengers (including two sky marshals and one aircraft engineer)^[4][5] and five crew aboard the aircraft, an ATR 42-500 operated by Pakistan International Airlines.^[4] All 47 people on board died, including singer-turned-preacher and entrepreneur Junaid Jamshed,^[6] and the Deputy Commissioner of the District of Chitral.^[7]

Aircraft

The aircraft involved in the accident was an ATR 42-500, serial number 663, registration AP-BHO.^[8] It had its first flight on 3 May 2007 and was delivered new to Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) on 14 May 2007. On 30 May 2009, the aircraft was damaged during a landing attempt at Lahore, but was subsequently repaired and returned to service.^[9] It sustained an engine failure in 2014, but the engine was replaced and no further problems were reported.^[10] By the time of the crash, it had recorded 18,739 flight hours since joining PIA's fleet and had last undergone certification in October 2016.^[11]

Crash

CJL

Crash site

ISB

A map showing the locations of the Chitral airport (CJL); Islamabad's Benazir Bhutto International Airport (ISB); and Havelian, the location of the crash site.

The aircraft left Chitral Airport at 15:30 PST and was expected to land at Benazir Bhutto International Airport, Islamabad at around 16:40.^[3] Before the crash, the crew issued a mayday call.^[12] The aircraft crashed at about 16:15 leaving wreckage ablaze on the side of a hill between the villages of Saddha Batolni and Gug, near the Pakistan Ordnance Factory in Havelian in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the capital. The wreckage was reported to be strewn over an area about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) across.^[13] According to an eyewitness, Mohammad Haroon, the aircraft flew at a very low altitude and made a high-pitched noise, flying in an erratic, up-and-down mode before crashing into the hillside. "There was a huge bang after the plane hit the mountainside and caught fire".^[14]

Local mosques broadcast announcements to mobilise villagers, who rushed to the site to look for survivors but were unable to get close due to the heat of the fire.^[14] Pakistan Army personnel and helicopters were also sent to the area for search and rescue operations. Taj Muhammad Khan, a government official, stated that all the bodies were burned beyond recognition.^[3] The remains were taken by air to forensic laboratories in Islamabad and Rawalpindi for DNA testing to aid identification.^[13]

This was the seventh aircraft accident resulting in hull loss sustained by PIA since 2000. Of the previous six, one resulted in fatalities; that of PIA Flight 688 in 2006, in which 45 people died.^[15]

Passengers and crew

Nationality	Fatalities		Total
	Passengers	Crew
Austrian[16]	1	0	1
Chinese[16]	1	0	1
Pakistani	39	5	44
South Korean[16]	1	0	1
Total	42	5	47

The flight manifest showed that there were five flight crew (the captain, first officer and a trainee pilot; and two flight attendants) and forty-two passengers (forty adults and two infants) on board the aircraft.^[4] Forty-four were Pakistani citizens; and the others were two Austrians and one Chinese.^[3][16][17] The dead included Pakistani singer-turned-preacher Junaid Jamshed who was travelling with his second wife Nayha Junaid;^[18] a member of Chitral's traditional royal family, his wife and family; and a Deputy Commissioner for Chitral District, Osama Ahmed Warraich, his wife and infant daughter.^[3][17][19] Two sky marshals and one Aircraft Maintenance Engineer were also among the passengers.^[5] The captain was reported to be an experienced pilot with over 12,000 flight hours during his career.^[11] He was also a type-rated instructor for ATR aircraft.^[20]

Investigation

Investigators retrieved the aircraft's flight recorder soon after the crash.^[11] An initial report into the accident by the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA) was said to have determined that the aircraft's left engine malfunctioned at an altitude of 13,375 feet (4,077 m). The pilot reported the engine failure at 16:12, which was followed by a rapid uncontrolled descent and the disappearance of the aircraft from ground radar a few minutes later. However, the radio communication continued with radar even after disappearance from the screen of the radar. ^[21]

Following an incident involving an ATR 72 at Multan Airport on 11 December, the PCAA ordered all ATR aircraft belonging to PIA to be grounded for inspection. Five ATR 42 and five ATR 72 aircraft were affected by the order.^[22]

PIA criticism

Following the crash, PIA received criticism of its practices and accusations that it did not investigate aircraft defects thoroughly enough. The mother of the ATR 42's first officer reported that he frequently mentioned to her that PIA's aircraft "are not fit to fly, and they should not be allowed to operate on dangerous routes".^[23]

Two days after the crash, another PIA pilot reportedly refused to fly an aircraft with a faulty engine. This was after several reports that PIA had a history of neglecting problems and of operating poorly overall as an airline. PIA responded that "it defies common sense that pilots and engineers would fly an aircraft that does not meet safety standards and risk their own lives."^[24]

References

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