''p''-Cymene

p-Cymene

Names
Preferred IUPAC name 1-Methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)benzene
Other names p-Cymene (no longer recommended[1]) 4-Isopropyltoluene 4-Methylcumene Paracymene
Identifiers
CAS Number	99-87-6 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:28768
ChemSpider	7183 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.002.542
EC Number	202-796-7
KEGG	C06575 Y
PubChem CID	7463
UNII	1G1C8T1N7Q Y
InChI InChI=1S/C10H14/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4-8H,1-3H3 Y Key: HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C10H14/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4-8H,1-3H3 Key: HFPZCAJZSCWRBC-UHFFFAOYAD
SMILES c1cc(ccc1C(C)C)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C10H14
Molar mass	134.21 g/mol
Appearance	Colourless liquid
Density	0.857 g/cm3
Melting point	−68 °C (−90 °F; 205 K)
Boiling point	177 °C (351 °F; 450 K)
Solubility in water	23.4 mg/L
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-102.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
R-phrases (outdated)	R10
S-phrases (outdated)	S16
Flash point	47 °C (117 °F; 320 K)
Autoignition temperature	435 °C (815 °F; 708 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Y verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

p-Cymene is a naturally occurring aromatic organic compound. It is classified as an alkylbenzene related to a monoterpene. Its structure consists of a benzene ring para-substituted with a methyl group and an isopropyl group. There are two less common geometric isomers. o-Cymene, in which the alkyl groups are ortho-substituted, and m-cymene, in which they are meta-substituted. p-Cymene is the only natural isomer. All three isomers form the group of cymenes.

p-Cymene is insoluble in water, but miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether.

It is a constituent of a number of essential oils, most commonly the oil of cumin and thyme. Significant amounts are formed in sulfite pulping process from the wood terpenes.

p-Cymene is a common ligand for ruthenium. The parent compound is [(η⁶-cymene)RuCl₂]₂. This half-sandwich compound is prepared by the reaction of ruthenium trichloride with the terpene α-phellandrene. The osmium complex is also known.^[2]

References

1. ↑ Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. pp. 139, 597. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. 
2. ↑ M. A. Bennett; T.-N. Huang; T. W. Matheson; A. K. Smith; Steven Ittel; William Nickerson (1982). "(η⁶-Hexamethylbenzene)Ruthenium Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 21: 74–78. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch16.