Orpington (UK Parliament constituency)

Orpington
Borough constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of Orpington in Greater London for the 2010 general election.
County	Greater London
Electorate	68,221 (December 2010)^[1]
Major settlements	St Mary Cray, St Paul's Cray (part), Orpington, Downe, Petts Wood, Biggin Hill Valley and Biggin Hill.
Current constituency
Created	1945
Member of parliament	Jo Johnson (Conservative)
Number of members	One
Created from	Chislehurst and Dartford
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency	London

Orpington is a constituency^{[n 1]} created in 1945 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Jo Johnson, brother of Boris Johnson.

Map showing the wards of the Orpington Parliament Constituency (red) within the London Borough of Bromley (yellow). Cray Valley West (orange) was included in the constituency at the election in 2005 but was transferred to Bromley and Chislehurst in 2010

History

Orpington was created in a major boundary review enacted at the 1945 general election, which followed an absence of reviews since 1918. The seats of Dartford and Chislehurst had both seen their electorate grow enormously into newly built houses since the 1918 review and were treated as one and reformed into four seats, creating the additional seats of Bexley and this one in 1945.

Political history

The seat has been won by a Conservative since creation except for the 1962, 1964 and 1966 Liberal Party wins of Eric Lubbock.

The 2015 result made the seat the 43rd safest of the Conservative Party's 331 seats by percentage of majority.^[2]

Role in the Liberal Party revival

The seat is famous for its 1962 by-election when it was taken in a shock result and substantial victory by the Liberal Party candidate Eric Lubbock.^[3]

Boundaries

1945-1974: The Urban District of Orpington, and part of the Rural District of Dartford.

1974-1983: The London Borough of Bromley wards of Biggin Hill, Chelsfield, Darwin, Farnborough, Goddington, Petts Wood, and St Mary Cray.

1983-1997: In the same borough: Chelsfield and Goddington, Crofton, Farnborough, Orpington Central, Petts Wood and Knoll, and St Mary Cray.

1997-2010: In the same borough: Biggin Hill, Chelsfield and Goddington, Crofton, Darwin, Farnborough, Orpington Central, Petts Wood and Knoll, St Mary Cray, and St Paul’s Cray.

2010–present: In the same borough: Biggin Hill, Chelsfield and Pratts Bottom, Cray Valley East, Darwin, Farnborough and Crofton, Orpington, and Petts Wood and Knoll.

Boundary changes

The seat has changed a little in subsequent boundary reviews since 1945. For the 1997 general election the Ravensbourne seat which had emerged in the west by Bromley was divided between three constituencies which before then overshot the London Borough of Bromley, adding to Orpington the community of Biggin Hill.

Constituency profile

The constituency is in the quite uniformly larger-housing dominated London Borough of Bromley,^[4] which has low unemployment^[5] and forms the southeastern limits of Greater London, and of this contains the largely buffered settlements of St Mary Cray, parts of St Pauls Cray, Swanley and Ruxley, then ascends through Orpington, Farnborough, and Chelsfield to the uppermost tracts of the North Downs and to the Biggin Hill settlement, which has an airport ^[6] and retains some of the hill-farming and woodland which dominated the area through the Industrial Revolution until the inter-war period.^[7]

The stealth of the Conservative vote comes from Biggin Hill, Biggin Hill Valley, Swanley, Downe and Orpington. The area mainly comprises of detached and semi-detached houses sorrounded by winding roads and vast areas of parkland, which since the wards creation have continually returned Conservative candidates. With the exception of 2002, when a Lib Dem councillor was elected to represent Orpington.

In the media

Honda ran a national advertising campaign in an American accent pinpointing the district as the sort of place where a necessary status symbol or way of life requires one of their more cross-terrain vehicles, broadcast widely around the country, using the slogan You live in Orpington, that's all.^[8]

Members of Parliament

	Member^[9]	Party
1945	Sir Waldron Smithers	Conservative
1955	Donald Sumner	Conservative
1962 by-election	Eric Lubbock	Liberal
1970	Ivor Stanbrook	Conservative
1992	John Horam	Conservative
2010	Jo Johnson	Conservative

Election results

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2017: Orpington^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Jo Johnson	31,762	62.9	+5.5
	Labour	Nigel de Gruchy	12,309	24.4	+8.8
	Liberal Democrat	Alex Feakes	3,315	6.6	-0.2
	UKIP	Brian Philp	2,023	4.0	-12.7
	Green	Tamara Galloway	1,060	2.1	-1.4
Majority			19,453	38.5	-2.2
Turnout			50,469	74.3	+1.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	-1.6

General Election 2015: Orpington^[11]^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Jo Johnson	28,152	57.4	-2.3
	UKIP	Idham Ramadi^[13]	8,173	16.7	+13.9
	Labour	Nigel de Gruchy	7,645	15.6	+6.6
	Liberal Democrat	Peter Brooks	3,330	6.8	-17.7
	Green	Tamara Galloway^[14]	1,732	3.5	+2.5
Majority			19,979	40.7	+5.5
Turnout			49,032	72.6	+0.4
	Conservative hold		Swing	-8.1

General Election 2010: Orpington^[15]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Jo Johnson	29,200	59.7	+8.5
	Liberal Democrat	David McBride	12,000	24.5	−15.9
	Labour	Stephen Morgan	4,400	9.0	+3.0
	UKIP	Mick Greenhough	1,360	2.8	+0.4
	BNP	Tess Culnane	1,241	2.5	N/A
	Green	Tamara Galloway	511	1.0	N/A
	English Democrat	Chris Snape	199	0.4	N/A
Majority			17,200	35.2	+26.2
Turnout			48,911	72.2	−0.2
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: Orpington^[16]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Horam	26,718	48.8	+4.9
	Liberal Democrat	Chris Maines	21,771	39.8	−3.5
	Labour	Emily Bird	4,914	9.0	−1.8
	UKIP	Mick Greenhough	1,331	2.4	+0.4
Majority			4,947	9.0	+8.4
Turnout			54,734	69.9	+5.3
	Conservative hold		Swing	+4.2

General Election 2001: Orpington^[17]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Horam	22,334	43.9	+3.3
	Liberal Democrat	Chris Maines	22,065	43.3	+7.7
	Labour	Chris A. Purnell	5,517	10.8	−7.0
	UKIP	John B. Youles	996	2.0	+1.1
Majority			269	0.6	−4.3
Turnout			50,912	64.6	−11.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	−2.2

Elections in 1990s

General Election 1997: Orpington^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Horam	24,417	40.6	−16.6
	Liberal Democrat	Chris Maines	21,465	35.7	+5.5
	Labour	Sue Polydorou	10,753	17.9	+6.4
	Referendum	David Clark	2,316	3.8	N/A
	UKIP	James Carver	526	0.9	N/A
	Liberal	Robin Almond	494	0.8	−0.3
	ProLife Alliance	Nicholas Wilton	191	0.3	N/A
Majority			2,952	4.9	−22.1
Turnout			60,162	76.3	−7.4
	Conservative hold		Swing	−11.0

General Election 1992: Orpington^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Horam	27,421	57.2	−1.0
	Liberal Democrat	Chris Maines	14,486	30.2	−0.8
	Labour	Stephen J. Cowan	5,512	11.5	+0.8
	Liberal	Robin Almond	539	1.1	N/A
Majority			12,935	27.0	−0.2
Turnout			47,958	83.7	+5.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.1

Elections in 1980s

General Election 1987: Orpington^[20]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	27,261	58.2	+0.9
	SDP–Liberal Alliance (Liberal)	Jonathan Fryer	14,529	31.0	−3.5
	Labour	Steven Cowan	5,020	10.7	+3.0
Majority			12,732	27.2	+4.5
Turnout			46,810	78.5	+2.5
	Conservative hold		Swing	+2.2

General Election 1983: Orpington^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	25,569	57.3	−0.7
	SDP–Liberal Alliance (Liberal)	J.W. Cook	15,418	34.5	+5.5
	Labour	D.M. Bean	3,439	7.7	−4.2
	BNP	L.T. Taylor	215	0.5	N/A
Majority			10,151	22.7	−6.3
Turnout			44,641	76.0	−5.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	−3.2

Elections in 1970s

General Election 1979: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	32,150	58.0	+11.0
	Liberal	J.W. Cook	16,074	29.0	−8.4
	Labour	A.J. Weyman	6,581	11.9	−3.8
	National Front	F. Hitches	516	0.9	N/A
	Homeland Party	I. MacKillian	146	0.3	N/A
Majority			16,076	29.0	+19.3
Turnout			55,467	81.7	+2.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	+9.6

General Election October 1974: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	24,394	47.0	−0.2
	Liberal	Lady Avebury	19,384	37.3	−3.4
	Labour	C. Spillane	8,121	15.6	+3.5
Majority			5,010	9.7	+3.1
Turnout			51,899	79.0	−7.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	+1.6

General Election February 1974: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	26,435	47.2	−0.1
	Liberal	Robin Young	22,771	40.7	−4.0
	Labour	David Grant	6,752	12.1	+4.1
Majority			3,664	6.6	+4.0
Turnout			55,598	86.1	+7.0
	Conservative hold		Swing	+2.0

General Election 1970: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Ivor Stanbrook	24,385	47.3	+4.0
	Liberal	Eric Lubbock	23,063	44.7	−2.0
	Labour	David Grant	4,098	8.0	−2.1
Majority			1,322	2.6
Turnout			51,546	79.1	−7.9
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+3.0

Elections in 1960s

General Election 1966: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Eric Lubbock	22,615	46.7	−1.7
	Conservative	Norris McWhirter	20,993	43.3	+1.5
	Labour	David Jonathan Sleigh	4,870	10.1	+0.2
Majority			1,622	3.4	-3.2
Turnout			48,478	87.0	+1.6
	Liberal hold		Swing	-1.6

General Election 1964: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Eric Lubbock	22,637	48.4	+27.2
	Conservative	Norris McWhirter	19,565	41.8	-14.8
	Labour	Peter A W Merriton	4,609	9.9	-12.3
Majority			3,072	6.6
Turnout			46,811	87.0
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing

Orpington by-election, 1962
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	Eric Lubbock	22,846	52.9	+30.7
	Conservative	Peter Goldman	14,991	34.7	-21.9
	Labour	Alan Jinkinson	5,350	12.4	-9.8
Majority			7,855	18.2	-16.2
Turnout			43,187
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+26.3

Elections in 1950s

General Election 1959: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Donald Sumner	24,303	56.6	-3.3
	Labour	Norman John Hart	9,543	22.2	-5.4
	Liberal	Jack Omar Galloway	9,092	21.2	+8.7
Majority			14,760	34.4	+1.1
Turnout			42,938	82.8	+3.4
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.6

General Election 1955: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Donald Sumner	22,166	59.9	-2.8
	Labour	Norman John Hart	10,230	27.6	-9.8
	Liberal	Alfred B. Howard	4,610	12.5	N/A
Majority			11,936	32.3	+7.0
Turnout			37,006	79.4	-2.6
	Conservative hold		Swing	+3.5

Orpington by-election, 1955
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Donald Sumner	20,082	65.8	+3.1
	Labour	R. David Vaughan Williams	10,426	34.2	-3.1
Majority			9,656	31.7	+6.4
Turnout			30,508	55.4	-26.6
	Conservative hold		Swing	+3.1

General Election 1951: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Waldron Smithers	27,244	62.7	+6.0
	Labour	R. David Vaughan Williams	16,241	37.4	+4.6
Majority			11,003	25.3	+1.4
Turnout			43,485	82.0	-3.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.7

General Election 1950: Orpington
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Waldron Smithers	24,450	56.7	+8.1
	Labour	George H. C. Vaughan	14,161	32.8	-5.0
	Liberal	Ruth Abrahams	4,523	10.5	-1.8
Majority			10,289	23.9	+13.1
Turnout			43,134	85.1	+12.4
	Conservative hold		Swing

Election in 1940s

General Election 1945: Orpington^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	Waldron Smithers	20,388	48.6	N/A
	Labour	Alan Raymond Mais	15,846	37.8	N/A
	Liberal	Edward Rogers Goodfellow	5,140	12.3	N/A
	Independent	Guy Chandler Milner	528	1.3	N/A
Majority			4,542	10.8	N/A
Turnout			41,902	72.7	N/A
	Conservative win (new seat)

Notes and references

Notes

↑ A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)

References

↑ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
↑ List of Conservative MPs elected in 2015 by % majority UK Political.info. Retrieved 2017-01-29
↑ On This Day - "1962: Liberals seize Orpington" BBC News
↑ 2011 census interactive maps
↑ Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
↑ Ordnance survey website
↑ Samuel Lewis (publisher) (1848). "Orpington - Osgoodby". A Topographical Dictionary of England. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 22 January 2013. A
↑ Youtube Honda advertising which homed in on the town as their prime audience
↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "O"
↑ "Orpington parliamentary constituency". BBC News.
↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
↑ http://www.bromley.gov.uk/downloads/file/2227/orpington_constituency_result_of_poll_may_2015
↑ http://twitter.com/idhamramadi
↑ london.greenparty.org.uk/elections/2015-general-election.html
↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Macmillan Press, revised edition 1977)

External links

UK Constituency Maps
BBC Vote 2001 Includes 1997 and 2001 results
BBC Election 2005
Political Science Resources

Constituencies in London (73)
Labour (49)	Barking Battersea Bermondsey and Old Southwark Bethnal Green and Bow Brent Central Brentford and Isleworth Brent North Camberwell and Peckham Croydon Central Croydon North Dagenham and Rainham Dulwich and West Norwood Ealing Central and Acton Ealing North Ealing Southall East Ham Edmonton Eltham Enfield North Enfield Southgate Erith and Thamesmead Feltham and Heston Greenwich and Woolwich Hackney North and Stoke Newington Hackney South and Shoreditch Hammersmith Harrow West Hayes and Harlington Hampstead and Kilburn Holborn and St. Pancras Hornsey and Wood Green Ilford North Ilford South Islington North Islington South and Finsbury Kensington Lewisham Deptford Lewisham East Lewisham West and Penge Leyton and Wanstead Mitcham and Morden Poplar and Limehouse Streatham Tooting Tottenham Vauxhall Walthamstow West Ham Westminster North
Conservative (21)	Beckenham Bexleyheath and Crayford Bromley and Chislehurst Chelsea and Fulham Chingford and Woodford Green Chipping Barnet Cities of London and Westminster Croydon South Finchley and Golders Green Harrow East Hendon Hornchurch and Upminster Old Bexley and Sidcup Orpington Putney Richmond Park Romford Ruislip, Northwood and Pinner Sutton and Cheam Uxbridge and South Ruislip Wimbledon
Liberal Democrats (3)	Carshalton and Wallington Kingston and Surbiton Twickenham
London European constituency: Labour (4) Conservative (2) Green (1) UKIP (1)

Historic constituencies in London
1974	Acton Barking Battersea North Battersea South Beckenham Bermondsey Bethnal Green and Bow Bexleyheath Brent East Brent North Brent South Brentford and Isleworth Carshalton Chelsea Chingford Chipping Barnet Chislehurst City of London and Westminster South Croydon Central Croydon North East Croydon North West Croydon South Dagenham Dulwich Ealing North Edmonton Enfield North Enfield Southgate Erith and Crayford Feltham and Heston Finchley Fulham Greenwich Hackney Central Hackney North and Stoke Newington Hackney South and Shoreditch Hammersmith North Hampstead Harrow Central Harrow East Harrow West Hayes and Harlington Hendon North Hendon South Holborn and St Pancras South Hornchurch Hornsey Ilford North Ilford South Islington Central Islington North Islington South and Finsbury Kensington Kingston-upon-Thames Lambeth Central Lewisham Deptford Lewisham East Lewisham West Leyton Mitcham and Morden Newham North East Newham North West Newham South Norwood Orpington Paddington Peckham Putney Ravensbourne Richmond Romford Ruislip-Northwood St Marylebone St Pancras North Sidcup Southall Stepney and Poplar Streatham Surbiton Sutton and Cheam Tooting Tottenham Twickenham Upminster Uxbridge Vauxhall Walthamstow Wanstead and Woodford Wimbledon Wood Green Woolwich East Woolwich West
1983	Barking Battersea Beckenham Bethnal Green and Stepney Bexleyheath Bow and Poplar Brent East Brent North Brent South Brentford and Isleworth Carshalton and Wallington Chelsea Chingford Chipping Barnet Chislehurst City of London and Westminster South Croydon Central Croydon North East Croydon North West Croydon South Dagenham Dulwich Ealing Acton Ealing North Ealing Southall Edmonton Eltham Enfield North Enfield Southgate Erith and Crayford Feltham and Heston Finchley Fulham Greenwich Hackney North and Stoke Newington Hackney South and Shoreditch Hammersmith Hampstead and Highgate Harrow East Harrow West Hayes and Harlington Hendon North Hendon South Holborn and St Pancras Hornchurch Hornsey and Wood Green Ilford North Ilford South Islington North Islington South and Finsbury Kensington Kingston-upon-Thames Lewisham Deptford Lewisham East Lewisham West Leyton Mitcham and Morden Newham North East Newham North West Newham South Norwood Old Bexley and Sidcup Orpington Peckham Putney Ravensbourne Richmond and Barnes Romford Ruislip-Northwood Southwark and Bermondsey Streatham Surbiton Sutton and Cheam Tooting Tottenham Twickenham Upminster Uxbridge Vauxhall Walthamstow Wanstead and Woodford Westminster North Wimbledon Woolwich
1997	Barking Battersea Beckenham Bethnal Green and Bow Bexleyheath and Crayford Brent East Brent North Brent South Brentford and Isleworth Bromley and Chislehurst Camberwell and Peckham Carshalton and Wallington Chingford and Woodford Green Chipping Barnet Cities of London and Westminster Croydon Central Croydon North Croydon South Dagenham Dulwich and West Norwood Ealing, Acton and Shepherd's Bush Ealing North Ealing Southall East Ham Edmonton Eltham Enfield North Enfield Southgate Erith and Thamesmead Feltham and Heston Finchley and Golders Green Greenwich and Woolwich Hackney North and Stoke Newington Hackney South and Shoreditch Hammersmith and Fulham Hampstead and Highgate Harrow East Harrow West Hayes and Harlington Hendon Holborn and St Pancras Hornchurch Hornsey and Wood Green Ilford North Ilford South Islington North Islington South and Finsbury Kensington and Chelsea Kingston and Surbiton Lewisham Deptford Lewisham East Lewisham West Leyton and Wanstead Mitcham and Morden North Southwark and Bermondsey Old Bexley and Sidcup Orpington Poplar and Canning Town Putney Regent's Park and Kensington North Richmond Park Romford Ruislip-Northwood Streatham Sutton and Cheam Tooting Tottenham Twickenham Upminster Uxbridge Vauxhall Walthamstow West Ham Wimbledon

Coordinates: 51°21′25″N 0°05′06″E / 51.357°N 0.085°E / 51.357; 0.085

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