Eupterodactyloidea

Eupterodactyloids Temporal range: Cretaceous, 145–66 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Mounted skeleton Pteranodon longiceps
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Order:	†Pterosauria
Suborder:	†Pterodactyloidea
Infraorder:	†Eupterodactyloidea Bennett, 1994
Subgroups
†Haopterus †Ornithocheiroidea †Azhdarchoidea †Pteranodontia

Eupterodactyloidea (meaning "true Pterodactyloidea") is an extinct group of pterodactyloid pterosaurs that existed from the earliest Early Cretaceous to the latest Late Cretaceous (Berriasian to Maastrichtian stages). Eupterodactyloids lived on all continents except Antarctica.^[1]

Classification

Eupterodactyloidea was named by S. Christopher Bennett in 1994 as an infraorder of the suborder Pterodactyloidea. Bennett defined it as an apomorphy-based clade.^[2] However, in 2010, Brian Andres re-defined the group as a stem-based taxon in his dissertation,^[3] and then formalized the definition in 2014 as all pterosaurs more closely related to Pteranodon longiceps than to Pterodactylus antiquus.^[4] The slightly more exclusive group Ornithocheiroidea was re-defined in 2003 by Alexander Kellner. He defined it as the least inclusive clade containing Anhanguera blittersdorffi, Pteranodon longiceps, Dsungaripterus weii, and Quetzalcoatlus northropi. Ornithocheiroidea has often been used for a much more inclusive group including only the branch of traditional "ornithocheirid" pterosaurs, though this use has since fallen out of favor by many researchers after years of competing definitions for the various pterodactyloid clades. The compromise definitions by Andres and others have since become more widely adopted.

Below is a cladogram showing the results of a phylogenetic analysis presented by Andres et al., 2014.^[4] Andres and colleagues (2014) followed this definition, and also used a branch-based definition for Eupterodactyloidea, making them very similar in content.^[4]

References