Order of battle of the Battle of Shanghai
The following is the order of battle of the forces involved in the Battle of Shanghai, during the opening stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Order of battle
Order of battle prior to August 13, 1937:
China
National Revolutionary Army
- Wusung – Shanghai Siege Area (Aug. 7 1937)
- Nanking Shanghai Garrison – Chang Chih-Chung (50,000 men).
- 36th Division – Sung Hsi-lien[g]
- 87th Division – Wang Ching-chin[g]
- 88th Division – Sun Yuan-liang[g]
- 55th Division – Li Sung-Chan
- 56th Division – Liu Ho-ting (later Liu Shang-chih)
- 57th Division – Yuan Chao-chang [R]
- 20th Sep. Bde – Gen. Chen Mien-wu
- [g] German trained Reorganized Divisions
- [R] Reorganized Divisions
- Shanghai City demilitarised on Chinese side according to Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement (1932)
- Wusong-Shanghai Garrison Units (Peace Preservation Corps)
Japan
Imperial Japanese Navy
3rd Fleet : Admiral Hasegawa Kiyoshi
- Flagship: Izumo (Izumo class armoured cruiser)
- Notoro(seaplane tender)
- 11th (Gunboat) Sentai - Rear Admiral Tanimoto Umataro
- 8th (Cruiser) Sentai - Rear Admiral Nagumo
- 1st (Destroyer) Sentai - Rear Admiral Yoshida
- Shanghai Special Naval Landing Force - Rear Admiral Denshichi Okawachi
- 1st Battalion - Lt. Cdr. Uroku Hashimoto
- 2nd Battalion - Lt. Shigeshi Sano
- 3rd Battalion - Lt. Shegeru Ito
- 4th Battalion - Artillery unit, Disbanded at the outbreak of war, guns were dispersed to the infantry units.
- 9th Battalion - Lt. Cdr. Torashige Tsukioka
- Prior to hostilities: Total force (2,500 men)
- 8th Sentai NLF
- 1st Destroyer Sentai NLF
- 3rd Destroyer Sentai NLF
- Izumo NLF
- Reservists and volunteers (5000 men)
- 1st Reserve Infantry Regiment
- 2nd Reserve Infantry Regiment
- ( Armed reservists were men in civilian clothes distinguished by a brassard)
- Third Fleet operated in Central and South China waters.
- 11th Squadron evacuated Japanese civilians from the interior to Shanghai during July and early August.
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Order of battle soon after August 13, 1937:
Chinese forces after late September, 1937:
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National Revolutionary Army
3rd War Area - Generalisimo Chiang Kai-skek (after late Sept. 1937)
- Right Wing Force - General Chang Fa Kuei
- 8th Army Group - General Chang Fa Kuei
-
- 62nd Division – Tao Kuang
- 63rd Division – Chen Kuang-chung
- 55th Division – Li Sung-Chan
- 45th Separate Brigade – Chang Luan-chi
- Artillery Btn., Training Div.
- 10th Army Group - Liu Chien-hsu
- 11th Reserve Division – Hu –Ta
- 128th Division – Ku Chia-chi
- 45th Division – Tai Min-chuan
- 52nd Division – Lu Hsin-jung
- 11th Temporary Brigade – Chou Hsi-ching
- 12th Temporary Brigade – Li Kuo-chun
- 37th Separate Brigade - Chen The-fa
- Guard Regiment – ?
- Ningpo Defense Commander – Wan Kao-lan
- Central Force Gen. Zhu Shao Liang
- 9th Army Group - Zhu Shao Liang
- 72nd Corps – Sun Yuan-liang
- 88th Division – Sun Yuan-liang[g]
- Peace Preservation Group
- 1st Regiment, 20th Separate Brigade
- 78th Corps – Sung Hsi-lien
- 36th Division – Sung Hsi-lien[g]
- 71st Corps – Wang Ching-chin
- 87th Division – Wang Ching-chin[g]
- 61st Division – Chung Sung
- Salt Gabelle Division – Huang Chieh
- 3rd Division – Li Yu-tang[g]
- 18th Division – Chu Yao-hua
- Shanghai Garrison Command - Yang Hu
- 1st Battalion 3rd Regiment, 2nd Artillery Brigade
- 2 Heavy Mortar Units
- 2 Anti-tank batteries
- 1 Light tank Battalion
- 21st Army Group - Liao Lei
-
- 1st Division - Li Tieh-chun
- 32nd Division - Wang Hsiu-shen
- 78th Division - Li Wen
- 48th Corps – Wei Yun-sung
- 173rd Division - Huo Wei-chen
- 174th Division - Wang Tsan-pin
- 176th Division - Ou Shou-nien
- 171st Division – Yang Cun-chang
- 19th Division – Li Chueh
- 16th Division - Peng Sung-ling
- Left Wing Force - General Chen Cheng
- 19th Army Group – Hsueh Yueh
-
- 159th Division – Tan Sui
- 160th Division – Yeh Chao
- 6th Division – Chao Ai[g]
- 9th Division – Li Yen-nien[g]
- 25th Corps – Wan Yao-huang
- 13th Division – Wan Yao-huang
- 133rd Division – Yang Han-yu
- 134th Division – Yang Han-chung
- 69th Corps – Yuan Chao-chang
- 57th Division – Yuan Chao-chang[R]
- 15th Army Group – Lo Cho-yin
- 44th Division – Chen Yung
- 16th Artillery Regiment
- 16th Army – Lo Cho-ying
-
- 60th Division - Chen Pei
- 11th Division - Peng Shan[R]
- 67th Division - Huag Wei[R]
- 54th Corps - Huo Kuei-chang
- 14th Division - Chen Lieh[g]
- 98th Division - Hisa Chu-chung
- 51st Division - Wang Yao-wu
- 58th Division - Yu Chi-shih
- 34th Separate Brigade. – Lo Chi-chiang
- 56th Division - Liu Shang-chih
- 73rd Corps – Wang Tung-yuan
- 15th Division – Wang Chih-pin
- 102 Division - Po Hui-chang
- 103 Division - Ho Chih-chung
- 53 Division - Li Yun-heng
- 23 Division - Li Pi-fan
- 57th Corps – Miao Cheng-liu
- 111th Division - Chang En-tuo
- 112th Division - Huo Shou-yi
- River Defence Forces - Gen. Liu Hsing
- Chiangyin Fortress Command - Hsu Kang
- Chenchiang Fortress Command - Lin Hsien-yang
- 2nd Regiment Kiangsu Peace Preservation Force
- 1st Battalion 8th Artillery Regiment
- 11th Army - Shang-kuan Yunhsiang
- 40th Division - Liu Pei-hsu
- 33rd Division - Ma Hsing-hsien
- 76th Division - Wang Ling-yun
- 43rd Corps - Kuo Ju-tung
- 1st Battalion 3rd Artillery Regiment
- 4th Artillery Regiment
- 1st Battalion 10th Heavy Artillery Regiment [sFH 18 L/32 150mm How]
- Notes:
- [g] German trained Reorganized Divisions:
- [R] Reorganized Divisions
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Japanese forces from October 29, 1937:
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Imperial Japanese Army
Central China Front Army – Gen. Iwane Matsui
- (was formed on Oct. 29th 1937 to coordinate the Shanghai Expeditionary Army and
- the 10th Army.)
- Shanghai Expeditionary Force - Gen. Iwane Matsui,
- See previous order of battle
-
- 16th Division – Gen. Kesao Nakashima (from N. China Nov 12/37, landed at Pai mao kou)
-
- 9th Infantry Regiment
- 20th Infantry Regiment
- 33rd Infantry Regiment
- 38th Infantry Regiment
- 22nd Field Artillery Regiment
- 20th Cavalry Regiment
- 16th Engineer Regiment
- 16th Transport Regiment
-
- Shigeto Detachment - Major Gen. Shigeto (arrived Sept 7-16 from Formosa)
- Regiment sized, was later expanded into the Formosa Mixed Brigade. Nov 12/37, landed at Pai mao kou)
-
- ? Manchukuoan Brigade - Li Chung-shan (arrived Sept. 7-16)
- ? Manchukuoan Brigade - Yu Chih-shan (arrived Sept. 7-16)
- 10th Army – Major Gen. Heisuke Yamagawa (Nov. 5th landing at Chin shan wei)
- 9th Independent Light Armor Company [Taki/ PWf]
- 2nd Independent Mountain Gun Regiment[Taki/ PWf]
- 6th Independent Heavy Artillery Brigade [CDF] [Taki/ PWf]
- 13th Field Heavy Artillery Regiment, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers
- 14th Field Heavy Artillery Regiment, 24 Type 4 15cm Howitzers
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- 6th Division - Lt. Gen. Tani
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- 23rd Infantry Regiment
- 45th Infantry Regiment
- 6th Field Artillery Regiment
- 6th Cavalry Regiment
- 6th Engineer Regiment
- 6th Transport Regiment
-
- 18th Division - Lt. Gen. Ushijima
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- 55th Infantry Regiment
- 56th Infantry Regiment
- 114th Infantry Regiment
- 124th Infantry Regiment
- 18th Mountain Artillery Regiment
- 22nd Cavalry Battalion
- 12th Engineer Regiment
- 12th Transport Regiment
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- 114th Division - Lt. Gen. Suematsu
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- 66th Infantry Regiment
- 115th Infantry Regiment
- 102nd Infantry Regiment
- 150th Infantry Regiment
- 120th Field Artillery Regt
- 118th Cavalry Regiment
- 114th Engineer Regiment
- 114th Transport Regiment
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- Kunizaki Detachment - Gen. Kunisaki (from North China)
- 9th Infantry Brigade/5th Division
- 11th Infantry Regiment
- 41st Infantry Regiment
- 5th Mountain Artillery Regiment
- 5th Cavalry Regiment
- 5th Engineer Regiment
- 5th Transport Regiment
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Sources
- Hsu Long-hsuen and Chang Ming-kai, History of The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) 2nd Ed., 1971. Translated by Wen Ha-hsiung, Chung Wu Publishing; 33, 140th Lane, Tung-hwa Street, Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China. Pg. 200 - 214, Map 7.
- Jowett, Phillip S., Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan’s Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., 26 Willow Rd., Solihull, West Midlands, England.
- Sino-Japanese Air War 1937-45
- History of the Frontal War Zone in the Sino-Japanese War, published by Nanjing University Press.
- [g] German trained Reorganized Divisions:
3rd, 6th, 9th, 14th, 36th, 87th, 88th, and the Training Division of the Central Military Academy.
Also the "Tax Police" regiment (equivalent of a division) under T.V. Soong's Ministry of Finance, later converted to the New 38th Division during the war, were German armed and trained by German officers.
- [R] Reorganized Divisions were the other 12 other Divisions with Chinese arms on the reorganized model with 2 German advisors:
2nd, 4th, 10th, 11th, 25th, 27th, 57th, 67th, 80th, 83rd, 89th Division
- Madej, W. Victor, Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945 [2 vols], Allentown, PA: 1981.
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