Onehunga (New Zealand electorate)

Onehunga electorate boundaries between 1993 and 1996.

Onehunga, initially with the formal name of Town of Onehunga, is a former New Zealand parliamentary electorate in the south of the city of Auckland. Between 1861 and 1881, and between 1938 and 1996, it was represented by seven Members of Parliament. It was a stronghold for the Labour Party.

Population centres

In the 1860 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of representatives by 12, reflecting the immense population growth since the original electorates were established in 1853. The redistribution created 15 additional electorates with between one and three members, and Onehunga was one of the single-member electorates.^[1] The electorates were distributed to provinces so that every province had at least two members. Within each province, the number of registered electors by electorate varied greatly.^[1]

The 1931 census had been cancelled due to the Great Depression, so the 1937 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth into account. The increasing population imbalance between the North and South Islands had slowed, and only one electorate seat was transferred from south to north. Five electorates were abolished, one former electorate (Onehunga) was re-established, and four electorates were created for the first time.^[2]

The electorate was urban, and comprised a number of suburbs in the southern part of Auckland.

History

The electorate existed in the 19th century from 1861 to 1871 as Town of Onehunga, and then from 1871 to 1881 as Onehunga.^[3] For the whole period the seat was held by George O'Rorke,^[4] who became Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1879.^[5]

Onehunga was recreated in 1938,^[3] and lasted to 1996. With the introduction of MMP in 1996, Onehunga and Panmure were combined into the new electorate of Maungakiekie.

Except for 1990–1993, Onehunga was held by Labour from its 1938 recreation.

Members of Parliament

The Onehunga electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament.

Key

Independent Labour National

Election	Winner
(electorate established as Town of Onehunga in 1860)
1861 election		George O'Rorke
1866 election		George O'Rorke
(electorate renamed Onehunga in 1871)
1871 election		George O'Rorke
1875 election
1879 election
(Electorate abolished 1881–1938)
1938 election		Arthur Osborne
1943 election
1946 election
1949 election
1951 election
1953 by-election		Hugh Watt
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election		Frank Rogers
1978 election		Frank Rogers
1980 by-election		Fred Gerbic
1981 election
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election		Grahame Thorne
1993 election		Richard Northey
(Electorate abolished in 1996; see Maungakiekie)

Election results

1993 election

General election, 1993: Onehunga ^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Richard Northey	7,183	35.5
	National	Grahame Thorne	6,776	33.5	-9.6
	Alliance	Matt Robson	3,503	17.3
	NZ First	Ian Shearer	2,132	10.5
	Christian Heritage	B Paterson	318	1.5
	McGillicuddy Serious	R Foster	110	0.6
	Natural Law	B Lee	95	0.5
	Independent	W Jordan	89	0.4
Majority			407	2.0
Turnout			20,206

1990 election

General election, 1990: Onehunga ^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	National	Grahame Thorne	8,290	43.1
	Labour	Fred Gerbic	7,678	39.9	-16.4
	Green	Laurie Ross	1,909	9.9
	NewLabour	M Philip	1,016	5.2
	Social Credit	J Matthews	170	0.8
	Democrats	Arthur Drabble	148	0.7
Majority			612	3.1
Turnout			19,211

1987 election

General election, 1987: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Fred Gerbic	10,753	56.3	+5.1
	National	A A Stanley	7,424	38.8
	Democrats	T K Park	937	4.9
Majority			3,329	17.5	-2.8
Turnout			22,652	89.1	-4.0

1984 election

General election, 1984: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Fred Gerbic	11,354	51.2	+3.9
	National	Carol Freeman	6,846	30.9
	NZ Party	Peter Blakeborogh	2,894	13.1
	Social Credit	D M Terei	841	3.8
	Values	R H G Symons	137	0.6
	Independent	S R Lusby	83	0.4
Majority			4,508	20.3	+9.6
Turnout			24,740	93.1	+4.4

1981 election

General election, 1981: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Fred Gerbic	8,925	47.3	-0.8
	National	Sue Wood	6,913	26.6	-12.6
	Social Credit	Stuart Perry	3,040	16.1	+15.1
Majority			2,012	10.7	+1.8
Turnout			21,451	88.7	+32.2

1980 by-election

Onehunga by-election, 1980
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Fred Gerbic	6,543	48.11
	National	Sue Wood	5,336	39.24
	Social Credit	T K Wood	1,535	11.29
	Independent	Stuart Perry	134	0.99
	Cheer Up	Vince Terreni	35	0.26
	Imperial British Conservative	J M Overton	17	0.13
Majority			1,207	8.89
Turnout			13,600
	Labour hold		Swing

1978 election

General election, 1978: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Frank Rogers	8,837	47.0	+0.9
	National	Barrie Hutchinson	7,420	39.5
	Social Credit	T K Park	2,135	11.3
	Values	D Paton	390	2.1
	National Socialist	Colin King-Ansell	22	0.1
Majority			1,417	7.5	+1.7
Turnout			31,199	60.7	-16.2

1975 election

General election, 1975: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Frank Rogers	8,264	46.1
	National	K A O'Brien	7,220	40.3
	Social Credit	J M Charlton	1,264	7.1
	Values	Jack Frost	1,129	6.3
	Socialist Unity	J B Willis	35	0.2
Majority			1,044	5.8
Turnout			23,501	76.9	-10.6

1972 election

General election, 1972: Onehunga ^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	10,053	58.7	-1.2
	National	P A Blakeborough	5,2018	30.5
	Social Credit	A Benson	1,669	9.7	+1.1
	New Democratic	A O A Bree	194	1.1
Majority			4,835	28.2	-0.2
Turnout			19,767	87.5	+4.1

1969 election

General election, 1969: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	9,574	59.9	+1.4
	National	D T L Double	5,035	31.5	+2.8
	Social Credit	A Benson	1,373	8.6
Majority			4,539	28.4	-1.4
Turnout			18,657	83.4	-6.0

1966 election

General election, 1966: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	8,361	58.5	-4.6
	National	D T L Double	4,096	28.7
	Social Credit	J Robinson	1,828	12.8
Majority			4,265	29.8	-4.0
Turnout			17,045	83.4	-6.0

1963 election

General election, 1963: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	9,567	63.1	-2.0
	National	J P Mason	4,440	29.3
	Social Credit	J C Leitch	741	4.9	+0.9
	Liberal	W F Lauder	274	1.8
	Communist	S H Hieatt	132	0.9
Majority			5,127	33.8	-1.1
Turnout			17,045	89.4	-0.1

1960 election

General election, 1960: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	8,785	65.1	-2.2
	National	P B Phillips	4,080	30.2
	Social Credit	J C Leitch	534	4.0
	Communist	D McEwan	97	0.7
Majority			4,705	34.9	-4.3
Turnout			17,045	89.4	-0.1

1957 election

General election, 1957: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	9,752	67.3	+4.8
	National	D Watson	4,066	28.1
	Social Credit	G A Pealing	667	4.6
Majority			5,686	39.2	+8.8
Turnout			15,466	94.2	+1.9

1954 election

General election, 1954: Onehunga ^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Hugh Watt	9,033	62.5	-4.5
	National	Alfred E. Allen	4,644	32.1
	Social Credit	E R James	777	5.4
Majority			4,389	30.4	-3.6
Turnout			15,797	92.3	+28.9

1953 by-election

Onehunga by-election, 1953^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Hugh Watt	6,868	66.99
	National	L. G. Bradley	3,385	33.01
Majority			3,483	33.97
Informal votes			13	0.13
Turnout			13,749	63.48
Registered electors			16,171
	Labour hold		Swing

1951 election

General election, 1951: Onehunga ^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Arthur Osborne	8,017	57.0	-0.3
	National	L G Bradley	6,051	43.0
Majority			1,966	14.0	-2.0
Turnout			16,171	87.2	-5.3

1949 election

General election, 1949: Onehunga ^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	Arthur Osborne	8,255	57.3	-5.1
	National	A A Coates	5,955	41.3
	Communist	R Stanley	198	1.4
Majority			2,300	16.0	-8.8
Turnout			15,658	92.5	-1.8

1946 election

General election, 1946: Onehunga ^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Arthur Osborne	8,639	62.4
	National	W K King	5,215	37.6
Majority			3,424	24.8
Turnout			14,703	94.3

1943 election

There were five candidates in 1943, with the election won by Arthur Osborne over John Park.^[13]

Notes

1 2 McRobie 1989, p. 35.
↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 87–92.
1 2 Wilson 1985, p. 269.
↑ Wilson 1985, p. 225.
↑ Rogers, Frank. "O'Rorke, George Maurice". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1993.
↑ Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place (Technical report). New Zealand Chief Electoral Office. 1990.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Norton 1988, p. 296.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Norton 1988, p. 295.
↑ "The New Zealand Official Year-Book, 1951–52". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 19 November 2012.
↑ "The General Election, 1949". National Library. 1950. pp. 1–5, 8. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
↑ "The General Election, 1946". National Library. 1947. pp. 1–11, 14. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
↑ "Electoral". The New Zealand Herald. 80 (24713). 13 October 1943. p. 5. Retrieved 15 May 2017.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Norton, Clifford (1988). New Zealand parliamentary election results, 1946–1987. Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Department of Political Science. ISBN 0-475-11200-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

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