Ohio Stadium

Ohio Stadium
Construction
"The Horseshoe" "The Shoe" "The House that Harley built"

Address	411 Woody Hayes Drive
Location	Columbus, Ohio
Coordinates	40°0′6″N 83°1′11″W / 40.00167°N 83.01972°W / 40.00167; -83.01972
Owner	Ohio State University
Operator	Ohio State University Department of Athletics
Capacity	104,944 (since 2014)
Record attendance	110,045 (November 26, 2016 vs. Michigan)
Surface	FieldTurf (2007–present) Astroturf (1971–1989) Grass (1922–1970, 1990–2006)
Broke ground	August 3, 1921
Opened	October 7, 1922
Renovated	2000–01
Expanded	1948, 1991, 2001, 2014
Construction cost	US$1.34 million ($19.2 million in 2016 dollars^[1])
Architect	Howard Dwight Smith Class of 1907
General contractor	E. H. Latham Company
Tenants
Ohio State Buckeyes (NCAA) (1922–present) Ohio Glory (WLAF) (1992) Columbus Crew (MLS) (1996–1998)


Ohio Stadium
U.S. National Register of Historic Places

The rotunda at night
Location	Columbus, Ohio
Coordinates	40°0′6″N 83°1′11″W / 40.00167°N 83.01972°W / 40.00167; -83.01972Coordinates: 40°0′6″N 83°1′11″W / 40.00167°N 83.01972°W / 40.00167; -83.01972
Built	1921–22
NRHP Reference #	74001494 ^[2]
Added to NRHP	March 22, 1974

Ohio Stadium, also known as the Horseshoe, "the Shoe", and "the House that Harley built", is an American football stadium in Columbus, Ohio, United States, on the campus of The Ohio State University. Its primary purpose is the home venue of the Ohio State Buckeyes football team and the Ohio State University Marching Band; it also serves as the site for the university's Spring Commencement ceremonies each May.

From 1996 to 1998, Ohio Stadium was the home venue for the Columbus Crew of Major League Soccer prior to the opening of Columbus Crew Stadium in 1999. The stadium also was the home venue for the OSU track and field teams from 1923–2001. In addition to athletics, Ohio Stadium is also a concert venue, with U2, The Rolling Stones, Pink Floyd, and Metallica among the many acts to have played at the venue.

The stadium opened in 1922 as a replacement for Ohio Field and had a seating capacity of 66,210. In 1923, a cinder running track was added that was later upgraded to an all-weather track. Seating capacity gradually increased over the years and reached a total of 91,470 possible spectators in 1991. Beginning in 2000, the stadium was renovated and expanded in several phases, removing the track and adding additional seating, which raised the capacity to 101,568 by 2001 and to 102,329 in 2007. In 2014, additional seating was added in the end zone, raising the official capacity to 104,944. It is the largest stadium by capacity in the state of Ohio, the third largest football stadium in the United States, and the fourth largest non-racing stadium in the world. Ohio Stadium was added to the National Register of Historic Places by the National Park Service on March 22, 1974.^[2]

Construction

Aerial photograph of Ohio Stadium

As early as 1913, Ohio Field at High Street and Woodruff Avenue was unable to contain the crowds attracted to many Buckeye home football games. This led to faculty discussion of moving the site elsewhere and building a new facility. The growing popularity of football in Ohio led to the design of a horseshoe-shaped stadium, conceptualized and designed by architect Howard Dwight Smith in 1918. A public-subscription Stadium Campaign to fund the project began in October 1920 and raised over $1.1 million in pledges by January 1921, of which $975,001 were actually honored. ^[3]

The stadium was built in 1922 by E. H. Latham Company of Columbus, with materials and labor from the Marble Cliff Quarry Co. at a construction cost of $1.34 million and a total cost of $1.49 million. The stadium's original capacity was 66,210. Upon completion, it was the largest poured concrete structure in the world. Many university officials feared that the stadium would never be filled to capacity.^[3]

Smith employed numerous revolutionary architectural techniques while building the stadium. At the base is a slurry wall to keep out the waters from the Olentangy River; the stadium sets on the flood plain. Instead of building a large bowl like the previously constructed Yale Bowl, Ohio Stadium was designed to have an upper deck that would hang over part of the lower deck, giving Ohio Stadium its "A", "B", and "C" decks. Instead of employing numerous columns like those at Harvard Stadium, Smith designed double columns that allow for more space between columns. The rotunda at the north end of the stadium, which is now adorned with stained glass murals of the offensive and defensive squads that comprise the Buckeye football team,^[4] was designed to look like the dome at the Pantheon in Rome.

History

The first game in the stadium was against Ohio Wesleyan University on October 7, 1922, and brought a crowd of around 25,000, which left people concerned because the stadium was half empty. This concern was put to rest at the stadium's formal dedication against Michigan on October 21, which the Wolverines won, 19–0. The crowd was announced at the game to be 72,000, but no one is really sure how many people made it into the stadium. This attendance mark was broken in a game against Michigan in 1926 when 90,411 came out to support the Buckeyes; this is also the last time standing-room-only tickets were sold for a game.^[3]

The stadium did not regularly sell out until after World War II, and in the 1920s and 1930s most games only drew in 20,000 or 30,000 fans with many more attending the annual game against Michigan. The 1935 contest with Notre Dame was a sellout, with over 81,000 in attendance.

In 1923, a cinder track was built around the football field, which would later be named after Olympian and Ohio State athlete Jesse Owens. The stadium was home to the OSU track and field teams until the opening of Jesse Owens Memorial Stadium in 2001.^[3]

Renovations

As time passed, minor adjustments raised the seating capacity to more than 90,000. In 1984, a new $2.1 million scoreboard was installed. The stadium was heavily renovated from 1998 to 2001. The press box was replaced, additional seating was installed, and 81 luxury suites and 2,500 club seats were added. The south end zone scoreboard was also replaced by a 90 ft. x 30 ft. video board that is able to show replays, highlights, animations, graphics and statistical information. Additionally, a smaller version of the south end scoreboard was added to the north end and a new LED ribbon board that runs end-zone to end-zone was added to the balcony prior to the 2009 season. In 1998, the track was removed and a 45-foot (14 m) slurry wall was built underneath the field to allow it to be lowered 14.5 feet (4.4 m), which places it below the water table. After the 1999 season, the field of play was lowered to add seating closer to the field.^[5] The temporary bleachers in the south end zone were replaced with permanent seating. However, the south end of the stadium remains partially open, thus allowing the stadium to maintain its notable horseshoe configuration.^[3]^[6] General improvements were made in the seating and concourse areas. The result of the $194 million renovation was a capacity that rose to 101,568. 80% of the cost of the renovation was funded by the sale of leases on the suites and club seats, with the remaining 20% funded by donations and the sale of naming rights for portions of the stadium. No public or university money was spent in the renovation process.^[3]

In 1971, the natural grass field was removed, and AstroTurf was installed, compliments of a donation by Lou Fisher in dedication to fellow football player Joseph Campanella. A plaque was placed on the southeast corner in memory of Campanella. In 1979, the surface was replaced with Superturf. In 1990, natural grass made its return to the Horseshoe, a special grass called "Prescription Athletic Turf." New field designs were put in place for the 1992 season and existed through the 2006 season. During that last season problems with the natural grass began to arise. After serious damage to the field during use in the spring of 2006, the field never recovered and had to be resodded. That grass never took root because of bad weather, and the university was forced to resod the field again only three weeks after the old sod was laid. The university spent approximately $150,000 to perform both soddings. OSU replaced the natural grass with FieldTurf for the 2007 season. This new artificial turf looks and feels like real grass but requires minimal upkeep.

In March 2012 the university announced a $7 million renovation to the scoreboard installed during the 2000–01 renovation. The project began April 23 and was completed in time for the 2012 season opener on September 1. The current scoreboard includes a Panasonic HD screen, stretching 124 feet by 42 feet, and incorporates upgrades to the audio system and the LED running boards (which are the smaller screens underneath the larger screen that usually display score updates and advertisements). A Pro Sound audio system with 25 different speakers flank the scoreboard. Older speakers throughout the Horseshoe received improvements and will eventually be replaced by new speakers fitted into the existing framework.

Prior to the 2014 season, 2,500 seats were added to the south stands. These seats were built over the entrance tunnels and raised the official capacity of the stadium to 104,851, making it the third largest stadium in the country and the fifth largest stadium in the world. The renovations also included permanent lights added to the northeast and southeast corners of the stadium, as well as atop the press box, and the playing surface was replaced.^[3]^[7]

Timeline of seating capacity

Panoramic view.

66,210 (1922–1943)
72,754 (1944–1947)
78,677 (1948–1957)
79,658 (1958–1960)
79,727 (1961)
81,109 (1962–1968)
81,455 (1969–1970)
81,475 (1971)
81,667 (1972)
82,567 (1973)
83,080 (1974)
83,112 (1975–1981)
85,290 (1982–1984)
85,399 (1985–1988)
86,071 (1989–1990)
91,470 (1991–1994)
89,841 (1995–1999)
95,346 (2000)
101,568 (2001–2006)
102,329 (2007–2014)
104,944 (2014–present)^[8]

Night football games

Before 2014, Ohio Stadium did not have permanent lights at the stadium, thus night games were rare. Ohio State's first night game in the stadium was played on September 14, 1985, when the #9 Buckeyes defeated the Pittsburgh Panthers, 10-7. Ohio State did not play another night game at Ohio Stadium until September 11, 1993, when the 16th-ranked Buckeyes defeated #12 Washington 21-12. Ohio State played a total of 12 more night games before permanent lighting was installed, nine of which were against ranked opponents. The Buckeyes are 16-4 (.800) overall and 9-1 (.900) in the Big Ten in night games through the 2016 season. Ohio State's most recent night game was a 62-3 win over #10 Nebraska on November 5, 2016.

Below is a table of teams the Buckeyes have faced in multiple night games at Ohio Stadium.

Matchups	Opponent	OSU Record
3	Penn State	2-1
2	Nebraska	2-0
2	Washington	2-0
2	Wisconsin	2-0

Largest attendance

Rank	Date	Attendance	Result
1	November 26, 2016	110,045	#2 Ohio State 30 – #3 Michigan 27 (2 OT)
2	November 21, 2015	108,975	#9 Michigan State 17 – #3 Ohio State 14
3	November 5, 2016	108,750	#6 Ohio State 62 – #10 Nebraska 3
4	November 29, 2014	108,610	#6 Ohio State 42 – Michigan 28
5	October 17, 2015	108,423	#1 Ohio State 38 – Penn State 10
6	September 27, 2014	108,362^[9]	#22 Ohio State 50 – Cincinnati 28
7	November 7, 2015	108,075^[10]	#3 Ohio State 28 – Minnesota 14
8	October 10, 2015	107,869	#1 Ohio State 49 – Maryland 28
9	September 6, 2014	107,517^[11]	Virginia Tech 35 – #8 Ohio State 21
10	October 8, 2016	107,420	#2 Ohio State 38 – Indiana 17

Buckeye football

Script Ohio

The largest crowd in stadium history is 110,045, set November 26, 2016, in a game against Michigan. The attendance broke the previous record of 108,975 set the previous year for the game against Michigan State. Ohio State has ranked in the top five for attendance for many years, and was the national leader in attendance for the 2014 season, averaging 106,296 people per game.^[12] The school set the national spring game record on April 16, 2016, when they drew 100,189 fans for their 2016 spring game. This broke the previous record of 99,391 set by the Buckeyes in their 2015 spring game.^[13]

Mel Kiper, Jr. ranked Ohio Stadium second in atmosphere in 2002, behind the Army–Navy Game, and quoted Beano Cook in saying "There is nothing that beats when the Ohio State Marching Band and the sousaphone player dots the 'i' for Script Ohio." ^[14] The crowd attending these home games is known for creating harsh and difficult environments for opponents. University of Iowa coach Hayden Fry complained after a 1985 loss that the fans were too loud for his quarterback, Chuck Long, to call plays and suggested sound meters be used to gauge the noise level, penalizing home teams if there was too much noise. He said, "It's a realistic fact that happened. He became mentally disturbed for the first time since he's been a starter for us because of his inability to communicate."^[15]

Ohio Stadium on November 29, 2014 v. Michigan

O-H-I-O

One famous chant by the Buckeye fans, usually starting with the students in the South Stands, is O-H-I-O. The entire South end yells O then the East stands follow with H, the North with I and the West with O. The chant loops around the stadium loudly sometimes for 5 to 10 minutes. Before kick off the entire stadium screams O continuously until the ball is kicked, immediately following the kick the stadium shouts in unison O-H-I-O.

Events

Columbus Crew

Major League Soccer games were held at Ohio Stadium between 1996 and 1998. The home opener was held on April 13, 1996, against D.C. United before 25,266 fans. Brian McBride scored 2 goals and had an assist in a 4–0 rout. The field at Ohio Stadium was the smallest in the MLS, measuring only 62 yards wide by 106 yards long, limited by the track surrounding it.^[16] Because of the smaller market for soccer than Ohio State football, B Deck, C Deck, and the South end zone seats were closed, leading to a capacity of 25,243.^[17]

Attendance stayed strong through the first season, seeing a record audience of 31,550 September 15, 1996 win over the MetroStars, 2–0.^[18] Despite the facility's size, problems like field dimensions and the lack of lighting pushed the Crew to find a new home. Jamey Rootes, Crew president and general manager stated, "We prefer a smaller, more intimate environment (than Ohio Stadium) ... We've got to create a major league environment. Ohio Stadium is a great stadium, but we cannot create a major league environment in a facility that is way too big for us."^[19] The Crew finished their tenure at Ohio Stadium 30–18.

Concerts

Date	Concert/Artist(s)	Attendance
May 28, 1988	Pink Floyd	63,016
May 22, 1992	Genesis	71,550
May 29, 1994	Pink Floyd	75,250
Aug. 6, 1994	Billy Joel, Elton John	67,606
May 24, 1997	U2, Fun Lovin' Criminals	43,873
Sept. 27, 1997	The Rolling Stones, Blues Traveler	60,621
May 9, 1998	George Strait Country Music Festival George Strait, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, John Michael Montgomery, Lee Ann Womack, Asleep at the Wheel, Lila McCann	Unknown
July 19, 2003	Mudvayne, Deftones, Linkin Park, Limp Bizkit, Metallica	41,458
May 30, 2015	The Rolling Stones, Kid Rock	~60,000
June 20–21, 2015	Buckeye Country Superfest Day 1: Blake Shelton, Rascal Flatts, Lee Brice, Tyler Farr, Cassadee Pope Day 2: Kenny Chesney, Keith Urban, Cole Swindell, David Nail, Parmalee	~90,000^[20]
Aug. 18, 2015	One Direction, Icona Pop	31,626
June 18–19, 2016	Buckeye Country Superfest Day 1: Jason Aldean, Lady Antebellum, Thomas Rhett, Aaron Lewis, A Thousand Horses Day 2: Luke Bryan, Florida Georgia Line, Dierks Bentley, Randy Houser, Jerrod Niemann, The Swon Brothers	Unknown

High school

The stadium hosted the Ohio High School Athletic Association football championship games for all seven divisions in 2014 and 2015.^[21] The stadium had previously hosted the championships for Divisions I and III in 1982 and all divisions (five at the time) from 1983 to 1989.

OHSAA Football State Championship Games Played at Ohio Stadium^[22]
Year	Division I	Division II	Division III	Division IV	Division V	Division VI	Division VII
1982	Cincinnati Archbishop Moeller 35, Massillon Washington 14	Did not host	Akron St. Vincent–St. Mary 21, Ironton 14	Did not host	Did not host	Division VI created in 1994	Division VII created in 2013
1983	Cincinnati Princeton 24, Akron Garfield 6	Brecksville-Broadview Heights 12, Celina 6	Elyria Catholic 14, Urbana 9	Columbus Bishop Ready 43, Orrville 15	McComb 6, Newark Catholic 0
1984	Toledo St. Francis 17, North Canton Hoover 14	Steubenville 12, Whitehall-Yearling 9 (OT)	Elyria Catholic 45, Cincinnati Archbishop McNicholas 20	Louisville St. Thomas Aquinas 23, Columbus Bishop Hartley 0	Newark Catholic 14, Middletown Bishop Fenwick 6
1985	Cincinnati Archbishop Moeller 35, Canton McKinley 11	Galion 6, Youngstown Cardinal Mooney 0	Columbus St. Francis DeSales 21, Orrville 13	Cincinnati Academy of Physical Education 27, Louisville St. Thomas Aquinas 0	Newark Catholic 19, Delphos Jefferson 0
1986	Fairfield 21, Lakewood St. Edward 20	Cincinnati Purcell Marian 26, Willoughby South 7	Cincinnati Academy of Physical Education 7, Chagrin Falls Kenston 6	Columbus Bishop Hartley 47, Castalia Margaretta 0	Newark Catholic 28, Defiance Ayersville 27
1987	Cincinnati Princeton 14, Youngstown Boardman 7	Akron Buchtel 26, Steubenville 14	Youngstown Cardinal Mooney 30, Thornville Sheridan 7	Gahanna Columbus Academy 21, Gates Mills Hawken 0	Newark Catholic 16, Mogadore 13
1988	Cleveland St. Ignatius 10, Cincinnati Princeton 7	Akron Buchtel 28, Steubenville 21 (2OT)	Akron St. Vincent–St. Mary 14, Ironton 12	Canton Central Catholic 21, Versailles 6	Archbold 42, Mogadore 14
1989	Cleveland St. Ignatius 34, Cincinnati Archbishop Moeller 28	Cleveland St. Joseph 21, Fostoria 14	Ironton 12, Campbell Memorial 7	Wheelersburg 14, Warren John F. Kennedy 7	Minster 16, McDonald 7
2014	Lakewood St. Edward 31, Huber Heights Wayne 21	Cincinnati La Salle 55, Macedonia Nordonia 20	Toledo Central Catholic 56, The Plains Athens 52	Cleveland Benedictine 21, Kettering Archbishop Alter 14	Coldwater 62, Canton Central Catholic 21	Minster 46, Kirtland 42	Maria Stein Marian Local 41, Norwalk St. Paul 0
2015	Lakewood St. Edward 45, Huber Heights Wayne 35	Cincinnati La Salle 42, Massillon Perry 0	Akron Archbishop Hoban 33, Toledo Central Catholic 20	Columbus Bishop Hartley 31, Steubenville 28	Coldwater 35, Canton Central Catholic 18	Kirtland 22, Marion Local 20	Fort Revovery 33, Mogadore 14
2016

Other events

On July 27, 2016, a 2016 International Champions Cup match between Real Madrid and Paris Saint-Germain was held at Ohio Stadium. The match, won by Paris Saint-Germain 3–1, drew 86,641 fans, the largest crowd to ever see a soccer game in the state of Ohio.^[23]

References

↑ Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Community Development Project. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
1 2 National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ballparks.com - Ohio Stadium
↑ "Motorists Insurance Gife Supports Ohio Stadium Enhancement and Renovation" (Press release). Ohio State University. June 5, 2001. Retrieved August 20, 2006.
↑ Sherratt, Pam. "Part 2: Stadium Renovation 1998-2000". Buckeye Turf. The Ohio State University. Retrieved January 10, 2015.
↑ "Renovations of Ohio Stadium". The Ohio State University Archives. Retrieved October 7, 2012.
↑ "2014 Ohio Stadium Renovations". Scribd. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
↑ Ohio Stadium - The Ohio State Buckeyes Official Athletics Site - OhioStateBuckeyes.com Archived 2011-07-25 at the Wayback Machine.
↑ "Barrett, Elliott lead Buckeyes by Bearcats, 50-28". ESPN.com. Associated Press. September 27, 2014. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
↑ "Ohio State Postgame Notes". www.ohiostatebuckeyes.com. Retrieved 2015-11-08.
↑ http://scores.espn.go.com/ncf/recap?gameId=400547826
↑ "Ohio State Beats Michigan In Average Attendance". WBNS-TV. December 17, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
↑ Forde, Pat (April 18, 2015). "Buckeyes set spring game record as staggering number of fans pack Ohio Stadium". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
↑ Kiper, Mel Jr. (March 8, 2002). "For scenery, check out Michie Stadium". Retrieved November 7, 2009.
↑ "Too Much Noise". The New York Times. November 7, 1985. p. B27.
↑ Merz, Craig (April 14, 1996). "Crew Routs United 4–0 in Opener". The Columbus Dispatch. p. 1E.
↑ Merz, Craig (April 17, 1996). "Crew Won't Increase 'Shoe Size; for Now, Capacity Will Remain as Is". The Columbus Dispatch. p. 3H.
↑ "SOCCER: Crew Wins 8th Straight; More than 31,000 Fans See Columbus' 2–0 Win Over the MetroStars". The Columbus Dispatch. April 14, 1996. p. 1E.
↑ Merz, Craig (June 6, 1997). "Crew Has Home for '98 Season". The Columbus Dispatch. p. 1B.
↑ http://www.buckeyecountrysuperfest.com/news/
↑ Znidar, Mark (July 22, 2010). "Football finals are coming back to the 'Shoe". Columbus Dispatch. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
↑ "All-Time State Tournament Results". OHSAA.org. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
↑ Cermak, Daniel (July 27, 2016). "Paris Saint-Germain Defeat Real Madrid 3-1 in Front of Record Crowd". ISNSoccer.com. International Soccer Network. Retrieved July 25, 2017.

Bennet, Brian (May 31, 2013). "Ohio State Plans to Expand the 'Shoe". ESPN. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
Evans, Andy (April 11, 2012). "Ohio Stadium to Receive New $7M HD Scoreboard". The Lantern. Retrieved April 11, 2012.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ohio Stadium.

Official stadium info at OhioStateBuckeyes.com
Stadium history on display at main library in The Lantern
WOSU history of stadium
The Ohio Stadium Story Highly detailed account of genesis, funding, and construction of Ohio Stadium
Stadium Journey Review of Ohio Stadium
Ohio Stadium under construction in 1922
Ohio Stadium under construction in 1921

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Columbus Crew SC

Columbus, Ohio
The Club	History Seasons Records Players All articles
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Affiliated clubs	Pittsburgh Riverhounds USL
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Major honors (5)
MLS Cup (1)	2008
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U.S. Open Cup (1)	2002

Major League Soccer
Seasons (21)	1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Football stadiums of the Big Ten Conference
East Division	Memorial Stadium (Indiana) Maryland Stadium (Maryland) Michigan Stadium (Michigan) Spartan Stadium (Michigan State) Ohio Stadium (Ohio State) Beaver Stadium (Penn State) High Point Solutions Stadium (Rutgers)
West Division	Kinnick Stadium (Iowa) Memorial Stadium (Illinois) TCF Bank Stadium (Minnesota) Memorial Stadium (Nebraska) Ryan Field (Northwestern) Ross–Ade Stadium (Purdue) Camp Randall Stadium (Wisconsin)

College football venues in Ohio

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Big Ten	Ohio Stadium (Ohio State)
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Division I
FCS

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UAA	DiSanto Field (Case Western Reserve)

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Greater Columbus and Suburbs	Amlin Bexley Blacklick Brice Canal Winchester Delaware Dublin Gahanna Galloway Grandview Heights Grove City Groveport Harrisburg Hilliard Lewis Center Lockbourne Marble Cliff Marysville Minerva Park New Albany New Rome Obetz Pataskala Pickerington Powell Reynoldsburg Riverlea Shawnee Hills Unionville Center Upper Arlington Urbancrest Valleyview Westerville Whitehall Worthington
Counties	Delaware Fairfield Franklin
Attractions	Actors' Theatre of Columbus Beulah Park Racetrack Columbus City Hall Columbus Commons Columbus Crew Stadium Columbus Metropolitan Library Columbus Museum of Art Columbus Zoo and Aquarium COSI Express Live! Franklin Park Conservatory Goodale Park Greater Columbus Convention Center Huntington Park Jerome Schottenstein Center Jungle Jack's Landing LeVeque Tower Lincoln Theatre Marble Cliff Quarry Co. Nationwide Arena Newport Music Hall North Market Ohio Historical Center Ohio Stadium Ohio Statehouse Ohio Theatre Olentangy Indian Caverns One Nationwide Plaza Palace Theatre Rhodes State Office Tower Santa María replica Schiller Park Southern Theatre Wexner Center for the Arts Zoombezi Bay
Colleges and universities	Capital University Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD) Columbus State Community College (CSCC) DeVry University Franklin University ITT Technical Institute Ohio Dominican University (ODU) Ohio State University (OSU) Otterbein University Pontifical College Josephinum Trinity Lutheran Seminary
Media	Buckeye TV Columbus Alive Columbus Messenger Columbus Monthly The Columbus Dispatch The Lantern ONN The Other Paper (614) Magazine WCMH 4 WSYX 6 WBNS 10 WTTE 28 WOSU 34 WSFJ 51 WWHO 53
Transportation	Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA) Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad Columbus and Xenia Railroad Union Station
Airports	Columbus Regional Airport Authority Bolton Field Don Scott Airport Port Columbus International Airport (CMH) Rickenbacker International Airport (LCK)
Major streets and highways	I-270 I-670 I-70 I-71 US 23 US 33 US 40 SR 3 SR 16 SR 104 SR 161 SR 315 SR 710
Shopping malls	Eastland Mall Easton Town Center The Mall at Tuttle Crossing Polaris Fashion Place Former malls: Columbus City Center Northland Mall Westland Mall
Miscellaneous	Climate Catholic Diocese of Columbus City Council City Schools Columbus Ohio Temple History timeline Hospitals Mayors Metroparks
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Defunct stadiums of Major League Soccer

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