Bad Oeynhausen

Bad Oeynhausen

Coat of arms
Bad Oeynhausen

Coordinates: 52°12′N 08°48′E / 52.200°N 8.800°E / 52.200; 8.800Coordinates: 52°12′N 08°48′E / 52.200°N 8.800°E / 52.200; 8.800
Country Germany
State North Rhine-Westphalia
Admin. region Detmold
District Minden-Lübbecke
Government
 • Mayor Achim Wilmsmeier (SPD)
 • Governing parties SPD
Area
 • Total 64.8 km2 (25.0 sq mi)
Elevation 45-269 m (−838 ft)
Population (2015-12-31)[1]
 • Total 48,990
 • Density 760/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes 32545,
32547,
32549
Dialling codes 05731,
05734
Vehicle registration MI
Website www.badoeynhausen.de

Bad Oeynhausen (German pronunciation: [ˈbat ˈøːnhaʊzn̩]) (Low German: Bad Öinusen) is a spa town on the southern edge of the Wiehengebirge in the district of Minden-Lübbecke in the East-Westphalia-Lippe region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The closest larger towns are Bielefeld (39 kilometres southwest) and Hanover (80 km east)

History

In the village of Bergkirchen, which belongs to Bad Oeynhausen, a wellspring sanctuary existed in pre-Christian (Saxon) times at the local crossing of the Wiehengebirge, which was replaced in the 9th century by a church. Today's church is a subsequent building. On the church and the downhill-situated Widukind spring plates explain this further. A few metres from the church a 13th-century timbered homestead can still be found.

In 753 Pepin the Short, according to the Frankish Chronicles, stopped over ad locum qui dicitur Rimiae, so that Rehme is commonly accepted as the oldest part of town. Another source describes Nero Claudius Drusus’ Germania campaigns and states that he once camped ad locum qui dicitur Rimi, which would date Rehme's proven existence as far back as 11 BC, but it is not officially accepted.

In 1745 a farmer named Sültemeyer was wondering about the salty crust on his pig's backs after wallowing in the mud. After public awareness of this finding King Frederick II of Prussia ordered the construction of a saltworks, which was named "Royal Saline Neusalzwerk". Today's Sültemeyer Fountain (colloquial: Pig-Fountain), in the city centre, is a reminder of the city's beginning.

The Sültemeyer-Fountain
The Jordansprudel in September 2015

From 1830 on the mining captain Carl Baron of Oeynhausen (1795–1865) oversaw drilling in today's spa garden area in search of salt deposits, but instead found a thermal salt spring in 1845. Quickly the healing abilities of this spring were discovered and first baths were built in the community, which now was called "Neusalzwerk near Rehme". In 1848 King Frederick William IV of Prussia renamed it to "Royal Bath (German: Bad) Oeynhausen", which was kept as the name after receiving its own town charter town in 1860. The opening of the Cologne-Minden railway line in 1849 connected the city with railroad network.

The growth of spa activities and the town's development continued into World War II. Among other things the Kurpark (spa garden), according to plans by Peter Joseph Lenné, and the Kurhaus (spa hotel) in 1908 (from 1980-2002 a Casino was located here; today called the Kaiserpalais, it hosts a Varieté, a noble restaurant and a discothèque) were constructed. At the beginning of the 20th century residential houses for the bourgeoisie were built around the spa garden. The extraordinary conglomeration of different architectural styles of the spa garden's buildings and the surrounding mansons bestowed Bad Oeynhausen the unofficial title "Museum for the Architecture of the 19th Century". One of the most famous buildings, the "Farne-Villa" was replaced by a new building in 1969.

In the first half of the 20th century additional thermal salt springs were drilled. Among these the Jordansprudel, drilled in 1926, is best known and with a capacity of 6000 l/min and a total height of up to 40 m it is the world's highest carbonated thermal salt spring and de facto the town's landmark.

Under Nazi Germany, Bad Oeynhausen hosted a synod of the Confessing Church, as well as the home congregation to Jakob Emil Karl Koch, a leading member. The World War II tank factory of the town was bombed on 30 March 1945. Post-war, the town hosted the Control Commission for Germany - British Element (CCG/BE), the military government for the British Zone of Occupation and served as the British Army of the Rhine headquarters.

The town was returned to local control in 1954 and spa activities resumed. In 1976, seven surrounding municipalities of the "Amt Rehme" merged with Bad Oeynhausen into one commune. As the last state owned spa (German: Staatsbad) of NRW, in early 2004 Bad Oeynhausen was municipalised.

Geography

Bad Oeynhausen is located on the west bank of the Weser river. It has the world's most highly carbonated thermal saltwater fountain, the Jordansprudel. On calm days the fountain gets up to 40 metres high. The water of the spring is believed to have many medicinal qualities, giving rise to a number of health spas.

Land use

A large percentage of the area is used for agriculture:

Area
 Settlement and
circulation area		 Farmland
 Forest
 Other free area
Area in hectares 2,479 3,348 518 135
Complete percentage 38.3% 51.7% 8.0% 2.0%

This applies to the entire district of Minden-Lübbecke, where the majority of the land is used for agriculture.

Area usage of Minden-Lübbecke
[2]		 All told Farmland
Forests
Settlement and
circulation area		 Water area
 Other land usage
Area in km² 1152.22 756.7 128.98 220.13 34.08 12.33
Complete percentage 100% 65.7% 11.2% 19.1% 3% 1%

Districts

Bad Oeynhausen consists of 8 districts:

  • Bad Oeynhausen
  • Dehme
  • Eidinghausen
  • Lohe
  • Rehme
  • Volmerdingsen
  • Werste
  • Wulferdingsen

Climate

The climate in Bad Oeynhausen is controlled by the Oceanic Climate. The values are based on the ones from Herford (Temperature)[3] and the ones in Bad Oeynhausen (Precipitation)[4]

Monat Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez Year
Temperature in °C 1.3 1.9 4.7 8.4 13.0 15.9 17.4 17.1 14.0 10.2 5.4 2.5 9.4
Precipitation in millimetres 61.3 45.7 57.7 52.2 62.4 73.9 66.1 65.5 60.9 46.7 61.5 71.1 724.8

Notable buildings

Bad Oeynhausen built a mall called the "Werre-Park". It gets its name from the nearby river Werre and was opened on 1 April 1998.

One entrance of the Werre-Park

Demographics

Year Population
1973 (1 January) 44,983
1974 (30 June) 45,025
1975 (31 December) 44,730
1980 (31 December) 44,336
1985 (31 December) 43,215
1987 (25 May) ¹ 44,036
1990 (31 December) 46,475
1995 (31 December) 49,014
Year Population
2000 (31 December) 50,007
2001 (31 December) 49,850
2002 (31 December) 49,771
2003 (31 December) 49,628
2004 (31 December) 49,493
2005 (31 December) 49,221
2006 (31 December) 49,194
2007 (31 December) 49,116
Year Population
2008 (31 December) 48,867
2009 (31 December) 48,516
2010 (31 December) 48,300
2012 (31 December) 48,354

¹ census result

Health treatment facilities

There are a number of health treatment facilities in Bad Oeynhausen. The Maternus Rehabilitation Clinic deals with rehabilitation for orthopedic, degenerative, and neurological conditions. The Klinik am Korso deals with eating disorders. The Median Rehabilitation Clinic specializes on rehabilitation for Muslim patients. The Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, an institution of the Ruhr University Hospitals, is a world-leading institution for the treatment of cardiac, circulatory and metabolic diseases. Just outside the city lies the Klinik Bad Oexen, a rehabilitation center for cancer patients.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Bad Oeynhausen is twinned with:

Notable persons

The retired German international and VfL Wolfsburg footballer Arne Friedrich was born here, in addition to André Borchers.[5]

Sons and daughters of the town

[5]

Associated with the town

Georg von Vincke
Friedrich Christoph Pelizaeus around 1900

References

  1. ↑ "Amtliche Bevölkerungszahlen". Landesbetrieb Information und Technik NRW (in German). 18 July 2016.
  2. ↑ Landesamt für Datenverarbeitung und Statistik Nordrhein-Westfalen: Kommunalprofil Kreis Mindne-Lübbecke (PDF; 219 kB)
  3. ↑ Temperaturdaten des DWD 1961–1990
  4. ↑ Niederschlagsdaten des DWD 1961–1990 (zip; 349 kB)
  5. 1 2 http://www.nw.de/lokal/kreis_minden_luebbecke/bad_oeynhausen/bad_oeynhausen/9505179_Frueher_dachte_ich_designen_waere_einfach.html?set_style=0
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