No gods, no masters

Anarchists carrying a banner
Anarchists marching with the 'No Gods, No Masters' slogan on a banner.

No gods, no masters is an anarchist and labor slogan. Its English origin comes from a pamphlet handed out by the Industrial Workers of the World during the 1912 Lawrence Textile Strike.[1] The phrase is derived from the French slogan "Ni dieu ni maître!" (literally 'Neither God nor master') coined by the socialist Louis Auguste Blanqui in 1880, when he published a journal by that name.[2] In Joseph Conrad's novel The Secret Agent, first published in 1907, the anarchist character The Professor says: "My device is: No God! No master." [3]

Uses

Margaret Sanger's feminist pamphlet used the slogan as a subtitle in 1914.

The French phrase appears twice in Friedrich Nietzsche's 1886 work Beyond Good and Evil. It appears first in Section 22, in a critique of the notion that nature dictates a morality of equality before the law. It appears again in section 202 where he identifies it with the anarchists and as indicative of their "herd" mentality, which he is criticizing.[4] It is also the inspiration behind English poet A.E Houseman's "The laws of God, the laws of man", which was published in 1922 in his final collection, Last Poems. The poem effectively dramatises the psychological urge behind the saying, but also ends with a reflection on the impracticality criticism often levelled at anarchist philosophy.[5]

Feminist usage

In 1914, Margaret Sanger launched The Woman Rebel, an eight-page monthly newsletter which promoted contraception using the slogan "No Gods, No Masters". Sanger insisted that every woman was the mistress of her own body.[6]

"Women without superstition: No gods – No Masters!" by Annie Laurie Gaylor is a collection of writings by women freethinkers during the 19th and 20th century.[7]

Contemporary usage

Today the slogan continues to find use in anarchist politics. An anthology of anarchist writing was collected under the title "No Gods, No Masters: An Anthology of Anarchism".[8]

The slogan has also found use in musical cultures, largely associated with the punk movement. But it was first used in the French chanson field, by the anarchist poet and singer-songwriter Léo Ferré who released the song Ni Dieu ni maître on an EP in 1965.[9] This song, metaphorically depicting the French death penalty procedure, ends with these verses: "This slogan that breaks all the rules / Made for the benefit of fools / Rejecting all authority / Unless respecting liberty / This principle of human rights / I recommend it for your fights / We shall proclaim it to the last / No God no master!".

The slogan was also chosen as a song title by the English crust punk/heavy metal band Amebix on their EP Who's the Enemy,[10] Swedish death metal band Arch Enemy on their album Khaos Legions,[11][12] and Chicago-based hardcore band Harm's Way, who released an EP entitled 'No Gods, No Masters' in 2010.[13]

The slogan was rephrased as No Gods, No Managers, as an album title by American crust punk band Choking Victim.[14]

Some religious anarchists, who combine neopagan religiosity and anarchist ideas, use a modified version: "Many Gods, No masters".

See also

References

  1. ↑ "mshist". Wyatt.elasticbeanstalk.com. 1916-01-05. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  2. ↑ "Question: origin of the slogan "ni dieu ni maître" | Radical Reference". Radicalreference.info. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
  3. ↑ (Joseph Conrad, The Secret Agent, Pan Classics, 1975 edition, p. 228)
  4. ↑ "Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil". February 2009. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
  5. ↑ "The laws of god, the laws of man". Retrieved 2016-09-16.
  6. ↑ ""No Gods, No Masters": Margaret Sanger on Birth Control". gmu.edu. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
  7. ↑ "The Michigan Daily - Google News Archive". News.google.com. Retrieved 2012-06-18.
  8. ↑ No Gods, No Masters - Daniel Guérin - Google Books. Retrieved 2012-06-11 – via Google Books.
  9. ↑ "Léo Ferré - Ni Dieu Ni Maître".
  10. ↑ "AMEBIX- Who’s the Enemy 7"EP (Spiderleg Records, UK, 1982)". goodbadmusic.com. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
  11. ↑ "Arch Enemy official site". Arch Enemy. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
  12. ↑ "Khaos Legions review". allmusic.com. Retrieved 2012-06-05.
  13. ↑ "Closed Casket Activities » Harm’s Way – No Gods No Masters".
  14. ↑ "No Gods/No Managers: Choking Victim: Amazon.ca: Music". Amazon.ca. Retrieved 2012-06-11.
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