440 Transport Squadron

440 Transport Squadron

A 440 Squadron Twin Otter in Cambridge Bay
Active 1968-present[1]
Country Canada
Branch Royal Canadian Air Force
Part of 17 Wing
Headquarters Canadian Forces Northern Area Headquarters Yellowknife
Motto(s) Ka Ganawaitak Saguenay
"He who protects the kingdom from whence the waters flow"
Equipment 4 CC-138 Twin Otters
Battle honours Fortress Europe 1944
France and Germany 1944-45
Normandy 1944
Arnhem
Rhine
Aleutians 1942-43
Website 440 Squadron
Commanders
Current
commander		 LCol Adam Carlson
Aircraft flown
Transport CC-138 DHC-6 Twin Otter

No. 440 "City of Ottawa" Transport Squadron (Vampire) is a unit of the Canadian Forces under the Royal Canadian Air Force. It is part of 17 Wing and works closely with Joint Task Force North located in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories.

Based at Yellowknife Airport and operating throughout Northern Canada, the unit's primary role is to provide support to the Canadian Forces, including the Canadian Rangers and the Royal Canadian Air Cadets, with search and rescue as a secondary role. The squadron operates four CC-138 DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft that can flown on tundra tires, skis or floats, though, the float program was abandoned in 1999 when it was determined that there was not enough call for that capability in the CF.[2][3][4][5]

The squadron was founded in the 1930s as an army cooperation squadron. It was for a time an air defence squadron from the start of the Second World War before moving to the UK. There it equipped as a fighter-bomber squadron under RAF operational control. It supported the ground campaign through Northwest Europe until the end of the war.

History

No. 440 Squadron RCAF was a Second World War Royal Canadian Air Force squadron that operated as part of the Royal Air Force in Europe with the Hawker Typhoon.[6]

RCAF 440 Squadron Typhoon and armourers in the Netherlands, 1944
A RCAF 440 uniform shoulder patch used by the Squadron circa 1957. The Crest Craft back-stamp was only used between 1957 and 1959.
Avro Canada Canuck of 440 Squadron in 1960

The squadron was formed in Vancouver on 5 October 1932 as No. 11 (Army Co-Operation) Squadron' before being redesignated No. 111 (Coast Artillery Co-Operation) Squadron on 15 November 1937. At the outbreak of the Second World War the squadron formed a detachment at Patricia Bay on Vancouver Island, now Victoria International, before being redesignated No. 111 (Fighter) Squadron on 1 July 1940. At this time the squadron flew the Westland Lysander as no modern fighter aircraft were available. It was disbanded on 1 February 1941 and then reformed on 3 November 1941 flying the Curtis Kittyhawk.[1][7] The squadron and took part in air defence operations in Western Canada and the Aleutian Islands Campaign under RCAF Western Air Command.[7] The squadron had the distinction of shooting down the only Japanese fighter by the RCAF home air force during the war. From the new American base in Umnak, Alaska flying the Curtis P-40K from American stock, 111 squadron took part in several raids against the Japanese base at Kiska. On 26 September 1942 the Commanding Officer, Squadron Leader K A Boomer shot down an intercepting Nakajima A6M2-N Rufe fighter while leading four Canadian manned P-40's involved in flak suppression.

After the squadron moved to RAF Ayr where it was redesignated No. 440 (Fighter Bomber) Squadron on 8 February 1944 as an Article XV squadron under the control of the British Royal Air Force.[8] It was the third Canadian Typhoon equipped squadron of 143 Wing. The squadron was equipped with the Hawker Hurricane for working up but changed to the Hawker Typhoon once they were delivered.

After a period of training the squadron began operations on 30 March 1944 with the Typhoons from RAF Hurn in the fighter bomber role. Originally the Typhoons were fitted with 500 lb (230 kg) bombs but later were able to carry a 1,000 lb (450 kg) bombs under each wing.[8] The squadron supported and followed the allied armies through France, Netherlands and then into Germany. Although the Canadian Typhoons operated mostly as dive bombers they also flew top cover to protect their aircraft from interception. While bombing in the St. Vith area on 27 December 1944, 440 Squadron engaged three Bf-109's shooting down one of them for the squadrons second aerial kill in the war. The squadron was disbanded at Flensburg on 26 August 1945.[6][8]

In 1953 the squadron was reformed at RCAF Station Bagotville and equipped with the Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck. From 1957 until 1962, when they were once again disbanded, the squadron, part of 3 Wing, was stationed at Zweibrücken Air Base, West Germany as part of Canada's commitment to NATO.

The squadron was reactivated a final time on 8 July 1968 at CFB Winnipeg as No. 440 Communications and Rescue Squadron with Douglas Dakotas and Vertol H-21 helicopters and redesignated as 440 Transport and Rescue Squadron in October. They later moved to CFB Namao just outside Edmonton where they operated de Havilland Canada CC-115 Buffalo and CC-138 Twin Otters. At the time, two of the Twin Otters were stationed in Yellowknife, and in 1994 after CFB Namao closed the squadron moved north to be redesignated No. 440 Transport Squadron in 1995.[1][9]

No. 440 Squadron does not share a lineage with No. 11 (Bomber Reconnaissance) Squadron.

Aircraft operated

440 Transport Squadron (left) and RCMP Air Division (right) base at Yellowknife Airport
440 Squadron CC-138 Twin Otter
Dates Aircraft Variant Notes
1932-? de Havilland DH.60 Moth Single-engine, 2 seat biplane
1940-41 Westland Lysander Single-engine, 2 seat army co-op a/c
1942–1944 Curtiss P-40 Warhawk Kittyhawk Single-engined ground-attack aircraft
1944 Hawker Hurricane IV Single-engined fighter bomber
1944–1945 Hawker Typhoon IB Single-engined fighter bomber
1953–1962 Avro CF-100 Canuck All-weather jet interceptor/fighter
1968-? Douglas Dakotas Transport, search and rescue
1968-? Vertol H-21 helicopters Tandem roter helicopter
1971-? de Havilland Canada DHC-5 Buffalo CC-115 STOL transport aircraft
1971–present de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter CC-138 Light transport, STOL, bush airplane

Notes

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 440 Squadron RCAF.

Coordinates: 62°28′07″N 114°25′47″W / 62.46861°N 114.42972°W / 62.46861; -114.42972

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